UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
Form 10-Q
(Mark One)
þ | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2016
or
¨ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from to
Commission File Number: 001-36228
Navient Corporation
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware | 46-4054283 | |
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) | |
123 Justison Street, Wilmington, Delaware | 19801 | |
(Address of principal executive offices) | (Zip Code) |
(302) 283-8000
(Registrants telephone number, including area code)
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes þ No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of large accelerated filer, accelerated filer and smaller reporting company in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filer þ | Accelerated filer ¨ | |||||
Non-accelerated filer ¨ | Smaller reporting company ¨ | |||||
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company) |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes þ No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ¨ No þ
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuers classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date:
Class |
Outstanding at March 31, 2016 | |||
Common Stock, $0.01 par value |
330,513,819 shares |
NAVIENT CORPORATION
Part I. Financial Information |
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Item 1. |
Financial Statements | 1 | ||
Item 2. |
Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 36 | ||
Item 3. |
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk | 75 | ||
Item 4. |
Controls and Procedures | 80 | ||
PART II. Other Information |
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Item 1. |
Legal Proceedings | 81 | ||
Item 1A. |
Risk Factors | 84 | ||
Item 2. |
Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds | 84 | ||
Item 3. |
Defaults Upon Senior Securities | 84 | ||
Item 4. |
Mine Safety Disclosures | 84 | ||
Item 5. |
Other Information | 84 | ||
Item 6. |
Exhibits | 85 |
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. | Financial Statements |
NAVIENT CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In millions, except share and per share amounts)
(Unaudited)
March 31, 2016 |
December 31, 2015 |
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Assets |
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FFELP Loans (net of allowance for losses of $70 and $78, respectively) |
$ | 95,018 | $ | 96,498 | ||||
Private Education Loans (net of allowance for losses of $1,434 and $1,471 respectively) |
25,547 | 26,394 | ||||||
Investments |
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Available-for-sale |
5 | 5 | ||||||
Other |
422 | 496 | ||||||
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Total investments |
427 | 501 | ||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
1,168 | 1,594 | ||||||
Restricted cash and investments |
3,818 | 3,738 | ||||||
Goodwill and acquired intangible assets, net |
702 | 705 | ||||||
Other assets |
4,697 | 4,682 | ||||||
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Total assets |
$ | 131,377 | $ | 134,112 | ||||
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Liabilities |
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Short-term borrowings |
$ | 2,363 | $ | 2,570 | ||||
Long-term borrowings |
122,920 | 124,833 | ||||||
Other liabilities |
2,255 | 2,710 | ||||||
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Total liabilities |
127,538 | 130,113 | ||||||
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Commitments and contingencies |
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Equity |
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Common stock, par value $0.01 per share, 1.125 billion shares authorized: 433 million and 431 million shares issued, respectively |
4 | 4 | ||||||
Additional paid-in capital |
2,975 | 2,967 | ||||||
Accumulated other comprehensive loss (net of tax benefit of $77 and $30, respectively) |
(132 | ) | (51 | ) | ||||
Retained earnings |
2,604 | 2,480 | ||||||
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Total Navient Corporation stockholders equity before treasury stock |
5,451 | 5,400 | ||||||
Less: Common stock held in treasury at cost: 103 million and 82 million shares, respectively |
(1,636 | ) | (1,425 | ) | ||||
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Total Navient Corporation stockholders equity |
3,815 | 3,975 | ||||||
Noncontrolling interest |
24 | 24 | ||||||
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Total equity |
3,839 | 3,999 | ||||||
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Total liabilities and equity |
$ | 131,377 | $ | 134,112 | ||||
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Supplemental information assets and liabilities of consolidated variable interest entities:
March 31, 2016 |
December 31, 2015 |
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FFELP Loans |
$ | 90,241 | $ | 91,516 | ||||
Private Education Loans |
22,487 | 23,124 | ||||||
Restricted cash |
3,630 | 3,553 | ||||||
Other assets |
642 | 293 | ||||||
Short-term borrowings |
369 | 710 | ||||||
Long-term borrowings |
105,292 | 106,510 | ||||||
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Net assets of consolidated variable interest entities |
$ | 11,339 | $ | 11,266 | ||||
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See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
1
NAVIENT CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(In millions, except per share amounts)
(Unaudited)
Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||
2016 | 2015 | |||||||
Interest income: |
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FFELP Loans |
$ | 634 | $ | 637 | ||||
Private Education Loans |
411 | 456 | ||||||
Other loans |
1 | 2 | ||||||
Cash and investments |
5 | 2 | ||||||
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Total interest income |
1,051 | 1,097 | ||||||
Total interest expense |
565 | 514 | ||||||
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Net interest income |
486 | 583 | ||||||
Less: provisions for loan losses |
111 | 125 | ||||||
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Net interest income after provisions for loan losses |
375 | 458 | ||||||
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Other income (loss): |
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Servicing revenue |
82 | 77 | ||||||
Asset recovery and business processing revenue |
90 | 89 | ||||||
Other income (loss) |
(13 | ) | 7 | |||||
Gains on sales of loans and investments |
| 5 | ||||||
Gains on debt repurchases |
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Gains (losses) on derivative and hedging activities, net |
1 | 71 | ||||||
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Total other income |
160 | 249 | ||||||
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Expenses: |
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Salaries and benefits |
132 | 123 | ||||||
Other operating expenses |
115 | 107 | ||||||
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Total operating expenses |
247 | 230 | ||||||
Goodwill and acquired intangible asset impairment and amortization expense |
4 | 1 | ||||||
Restructuring and other reorganization expenses |
| 3 | ||||||
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Total expenses |
251 | 234 | ||||||
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Income from continuing operations, before income tax expense |
284 | 473 | ||||||
Income tax expense |
103 | 181 | ||||||
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Net income from continuing operations |
181 | 292 | ||||||
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax expense (benefit) |
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Net income |
181 | 292 | ||||||
Less: net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest |
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Net income attributable to Navient Corporation |
$ | 181 | $ | 292 | ||||
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Basic earnings per common share attributable to Navient Corporation: |
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Continuing operations |
$ | .53 | $ | .73 | ||||
Discontinued operations |
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Total |
$ | .53 | $ | .73 | ||||
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Average common shares outstanding |
339 | 398 | ||||||
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Diluted earnings per common share attributable to Navient Corporation: |
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Continuing operations |
$ | .53 | $ | .72 | ||||
Discontinued operations |
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Total |
$ | .53 | $ | .72 | ||||
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Average common and common equivalent shares outstanding |
343 | 405 | ||||||
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Dividends per common share attributable to Navient Corporation |
$ | .16 | $ | .16 | ||||
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See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
2
NAVIENT CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(In millions)
(Unaudited)
Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||
2016 | 2015 | |||||||
Net income |
$ | 181 | $ | 292 | ||||
Other comprehensive income (loss): |
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Unrealized gains (losses) on derivatives: |
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Unrealized hedging losses on derivatives |
(129 | ) | (71 | ) | ||||
Reclassification adjustments for derivative (gains) losses included in net income (interest expense) |
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Total unrealized losses on derivatives |
(129 | ) | (71 | ) | ||||
Income tax benefit |
48 | 26 | ||||||
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Other comprehensive loss, net of tax |
(81 | ) | (45 | ) | ||||
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Total comprehensive income attributable to Navient Corporation |
$ | 100 | $ | 247 | ||||
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See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
3
NAVIENT CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY
(Dollars in millions, except share and per share amounts)
(Unaudited)
Common Stock Shares | Common Stock |
Additional Paid-In Capital |
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) |
Retained Earnings |
Treasury Stock |
Total Stockholders Equity |
Noncontrolling Interest |
Total Equity |
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Issued | Treasury | Outstanding | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2014 |
425,637,635 | (23,902,829 | ) | 401,734,806 | $ | 4 | $ | 2,893 | $ | 9 | $ | 1,724 | $ | (432 | ) | $ | 4,198 | $ | | $ | 4,198 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Comprehensive income: |
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Net income |
| | | | | | 292 | | 292 | | 292 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax |
| | | | | (45 | ) | | | (45 | ) | | (45 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Total comprehensive income |
| | | | | | | | 247 | | 247 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash dividends: |
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Common stock ($.16 per share) |
| | | | | | (63 | ) | | (63 | ) | | (63 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dividend equivalent units related to employee stock-based compensation plans |
| | | | | | (2 | ) | | (2 | ) | | (2 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance of common shares |
3,585,238 | | 3,585,238 | | 21 | | | | 21 | | 21 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tax benefit related to employee stock-based compensation plans |
| | | | 9 | | | | 9 | | 9 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock-based compensation expense |
| | | | 12 | | | | 12 | | 12 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Common stock repurchased |
| (14,653,835 | ) | (14,653,835 | ) | | | | | (300 | ) | (300 | ) | | (300 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Shares repurchased related to employee stock-based compensation plans |
| (1,644,764 | ) | (1,644,764 | ) | | | | | (35 | ) | (35 | ) | | (35 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Noncontrolling interests in businesses |
| | | | | | | | | 4 | 4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Balance at March 31, 2015 |
429,222,873 | (40,201,428 | ) | 389,021,445 | $ | 4 | $ | 2,935 | $ | (36 | ) | $ | 1,951 | $ | (767 | ) | $ | 4,087 | $ | 4 | $ | 4,091 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
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Balance at December 31, 2015 |
430,561,656 | (82,350,868 | ) | 348,210,788 | $ | 4 | $ | 2,967 | $ | (51 | ) | $ | 2,480 | $ | (1,425 | ) | $ | 3,975 | $ | 24 | $ | 3,999 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Comprehensive income: |
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Net income |
| | | | | | 181 | | 181 | | 181 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax |
| | | | | (81 | ) | | | (81 | ) | | (81 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Total comprehensive income |
| | | | | | | | 100 | | 100 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash dividends: |
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Common stock ($.16 per share) |
| | | | | | (54 | ) | | (54 | ) | | (54 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dividend equivalent units related to employee stock-based compensation plans |
| | | | | | (3 | ) | | (3 | ) | | (3 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance of common shares |
2,499,585 | | 2,499,585 | | 4 | | | | 4 | | 4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tax benefit related to employee stock-based compensation plans |
| | | | (8 | ) | | | | (8 | ) | | (8 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock-based compensation expense |
| | | | 12 | | | | 12 | | 12 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Common stock repurchased |
| (19,210,281 | ) | (19,210,281 | ) | | | | | (200 | ) | (200 | ) | | (200 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Shares repurchased related to employee stock-based compensation plans |
| (986,273 | ) | (986,273 | ) | | | | | (11 | ) | (11 | ) | | (11 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Balance at March 31, 2016 |
433,061,241 | (102,547,422 | ) | 330,513,819 | $ | 4 | $ | 2,975 | $ | (132 | ) | $ | 2,604 | $ | (1,636 | ) | $ | 3,815 | $ | 24 | $ | 3,839 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
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See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
4
NAVIENT CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Dollars in millions)
(Unaudited)
Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||
2016 | 2015 | |||||||
Operating activities |
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Net income |
$ | 181 | $ | 292 | ||||
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: |
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Gains on loans and investments, net |
| (5 | ) | |||||
Goodwill and acquired intangible asset impairment and amortization expense |
4 | 1 | ||||||
Stock-based compensation expense |
12 | 12 | ||||||
Unrealized gains on derivative and hedging activities |
(131 | ) | (224 | ) | ||||
Provisions for loan losses |
111 | 125 | ||||||
Increase in restricted cash other |
(5 | ) | (7 | ) | ||||
Decrease in accrued interest receivable |
71 | 148 | ||||||
Decrease in accrued interest payable |
(145 | ) | (60 | ) | ||||
Decrease in other assets |
308 | 153 | ||||||
(Decrease) increase in other liabilities |
(64 | ) | 64 | |||||
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Total net cash provided by operating activities |
342 | 499 | ||||||
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Investing activities |
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Education loans acquired |
(1,537 | ) | (830 | ) | ||||
Reduction of education loans: |
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Installment payments, claims and other |
3,734 | 3,407 | ||||||
Proceeds from sales of education loans |
| 193 | ||||||
Other investing activities, net |
69 | 24 | ||||||
Purchases of other securities |
(42 | ) | | |||||
Proceeds from maturities of other securities |
41 | 1 | ||||||
(Increase) decrease in restricted cash variable interest entities |
(80 | ) | 126 | |||||
Purchase of subsidiary, net of cash acquired |
| (181 | ) | |||||
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Total net cash provided by investing activities |
2,185 | 2,740 | ||||||
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Financing activities |
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Borrowings collateralized by loans in trust issued |
1,545 | 1,678 | ||||||
Borrowings collateralized by loans in trust repaid |
(3,228 | ) | (3,369 | ) | ||||
Asset-backed commercial paper conduits, net |
(155 | ) | (539 | ) | ||||
Other long-term borrowings issued |
| 493 | ||||||
Other long-term borrowings repaid |
(974 | ) | (590 | ) | ||||
Other financing activities, net |
113 | 59 | ||||||
Common stock repurchased |
(200 | ) | (300 | ) | ||||
Common stock dividends paid |
(54 | ) | (63 | ) | ||||
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Net cash used in financing activities |
(2,953 | ) | (2,631 | ) | ||||
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Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents |
(426 | ) | 608 | |||||
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period |
1,594 | 1,443 | ||||||
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Cash and cash equivalents at end of period |
$ | 1,168 | $ | 2,051 | ||||
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Cash disbursements made (refunds received) for: |
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Interest |
$ | 515 | $ | 500 | ||||
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Income taxes paid |
$ | 20 | $ | 1 | ||||
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Income taxes received |
$ | (2 | ) | $ | | |||
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See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
5
NAVIENT CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Information at March 31, 2015 and for the three months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014 is unaudited)
1. | Significant Accounting Policies |
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying unaudited, consolidated financial statements of Navient have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (GAAP) for interim financial information. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete consolidated financial statements. The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Navient and its majority-owned and controlled subsidiaries and those Variable Interest Entities (VIEs) for which we are the primary beneficiary, after eliminating the effects of intercompany accounts and transactions. In the opinion of management, all adjustments considered necessary for a fair statement of the results for the interim periods have been included. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Operating results for the three-month period ended March 31, 2016 are not necessarily indicative of the results for the year ending December 31, 2016 or for any other period. These unaudited financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and related notes included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 (the 2015 Form 10-K). Definitions for certain capitalized terms used but not otherwise defined in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q can be found in our 2015 Form 10-K.
Reclassifications
Certain reclassifications have been made to the balances as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2015 to be consistent with classifications adopted for 2016, and had no effect on net income, total assets, or total liabilities.
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
Revenue Recognition
On May 28, 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, which requires an entity to recognize the amount of revenue to which it expects to be entitled for the transfer of promised goods or services to customers. The ASU will replace most existing revenue recognition guidance in GAAP when it becomes effective. In July 2015, the FASB agreed to defer the mandatory effective date by one year. Accordingly, the new standard is effective for the Company as of January 1, 2018. Early application is permitted as of January 2017. The standard permits the use of either the retrospective or cumulative effect transition method. We continue to evaluate the effect that ASU 2014-09 will have on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures. We do not expect it to have a material impact.
Classification and Measurement
On January 5, 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-01, Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities, which reconsiders the classification and measurement of financial instruments. The objective of this project is to significantly improve the usefulness of financial instrument reporting for users of financial statements. It will be effective for public companies in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017. We do not expect this update to have a material impact on the Company.
Leases
On February 25, 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases, which requires the identification of arrangements that should be accounted for as leases by lessees. In general, for lease arrangements exceeding a
6
NAVIENT CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
1. | Significant Accounting Policies (Continued) |
twelve-month term, these arrangements must be recognized as assets and liabilities on the balance sheet of the lessee. A right-of-use asset and lease obligation will be recorded for all leases, whether operating or financing, while the income statement will reflect lease expense for operating leases and amortization/interest expense for financing leases. The balance sheet amount recorded for existing leases at the date of adoption must be calculated using the applicable incremental borrowing rate at the date of adoption. The standard requires the use of the modified retrospective transition method, which will require adjustment to all comparative periods presented. It will be effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018. Early adoption is permitted. We are currently assessing the impact that adopting this new accounting standard will have on our consolidated financial statements and footnote disclosures, but expect it to be immaterial.
Stock Compensation
On March 30, 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-09, Compensation Stock Compensation, which identifies areas for simplification involving several aspects of accounting for share-based payment transactions, including the income tax consequences, classification of awards as either equity or liabilities, an option to recognize gross stock compensation expense with actual forfeitures recognized as they occur, as well as certain classifications on the statement of cash flows. The new standard is effective for the Company in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016. Early application is permitted. We are currently assessing the impact that adopting this new accounting standard will have on our consolidated financial statements and footnote disclosures, but expect it to be immaterial.
2. | Allowance for Loan Losses |
Our provisions for loan losses represent the periodic expense of maintaining an allowance sufficient to absorb incurred probable losses, net of expected recoveries, in the held-for-investment loan portfolios. The evaluation of the provisions for loan losses is inherently subjective, as it requires material estimates that may be susceptible to significant changes. We believe that the allowance for loan losses is appropriate to cover probable losses incurred in the loan portfolios.
We segregate our Private Education Loan portfolio into two classes of loans traditional and non-traditional. Non-traditional loans are loans to (i) customers attending for-profit schools with an original Fair Isaac and Company (FICO) score of less than 670 and (ii) customers attending not-for-profit schools with an original FICO score of less than 640. The FICO score used in determining whether a loan is non-traditional is the greater of the customer or cosigner FICO score at origination. Traditional loans are defined as all other Private Education Loans that are not classified as non-traditional.
7
NAVIENT CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
2. | Allowance for Loan Losses (Continued) |
Allowance for Loan Losses Metrics
Three Months Ended March 31, 2016 | ||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
FFELP Loans | Private Education Loans |
Other Loans |
Total | ||||||||||||
Allowance for Loan Losses |
||||||||||||||||
Beginning balance |
$ | 78 | $ | 1,471 | $ | 15 | $ | 1,564 | ||||||||
Total provision |
7 | 104 | | 111 | ||||||||||||
Charge-offs(1) |
(15 | ) | (144 | ) | | (159 | ) | |||||||||
Reclassification of interest reserve(2) |
| 3 | | 3 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Ending balance |
$ | 70 | $ | 1,434 | $ | 15 | $ | 1,519 | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Allowance: |
||||||||||||||||
Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment |
$ | | $ | 1,185 | $ | 11 | $ | 1,196 | ||||||||
Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment |
$ | 70 | $ | 249 | $ | 4 | $ | 323 | ||||||||
Loans: |
||||||||||||||||
Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment(3) |
$ | | $ | 11,088 | $ | 33 | $ | 11,121 | ||||||||
Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment(3) |
$ | 94,074 | $ | 16,408 | $ | 50 | $ | 110,532 | ||||||||
Charge-offs as a percentage of average loans in repayment (annualized) |
.08 | % | 2.39 | % | 2.04 | % | ||||||||||
Allowance coverage of charge-offs (annualized) |
1.2 | 2.5 | 8.6 | |||||||||||||
Allowance as a percentage of the ending total loan balance |
.07 | % | 5.22 | % | 17.91 | % | ||||||||||
Allowance as a percentage of the ending loans in repayment |
.10 | % | 6.03 | % | 17.91 | % | ||||||||||
Ending total loans(3) |
$ | 94,074 | $ | 27,496 | $ | 83 | ||||||||||
Average loans in repayment |
$ | 73,689 | $ | 24,180 | $ | 85 | ||||||||||
Ending loans in repayment |
$ | 73,699 | $ | 23,786 | $ | 83 |
(1) | Charge-offs are reported net of expected recoveries. For Private Education Loans, the expected recovery amount is transferred to the receivable for partially charged-off loan balance. Charge-offs include charge-offs against the receivable for partially charged-off loans which represents the difference between what was expected to be recovered and any shortfalls in what was actually recovered in the period. See Receivable for Partially Charged-Off Private Education Loans for further discussion. |
(2) | Represents the additional allowance related to the amount of uncollectible interest reserved within interest income that is transferred in the period to the allowance for loan losses when interest is capitalized to a loans principal balance. |
(3) | Ending total loans for Private Education Loans includes the receivable for partially charged-off loans. |
8
NAVIENT CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
2. | Allowance for Loan Losses (Continued) |
Three Months Ended March 31, 2015 | ||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
FFELP Loans | Private Education Loans |
Other Loans |
Total | ||||||||||||
Allowance for Loan Losses |
||||||||||||||||
Beginning balance |
$ | 93 | $ | 1,916 | $ | 24 | $ | 2,033 | ||||||||
Total provision |
5 | 120 | | 125 | ||||||||||||
Charge-offs(1) |
(7 | ) | (190 | ) | (1 | ) | (198 | ) | ||||||||
Reclassification of interest reserve(2) |
| 3 | | 3 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Ending balance |
$ | 91 | $ | 1,849 | $ | 23 | $ | 1,963 | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Allowance: |
||||||||||||||||
Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment |
$ | | $ | 1,077 | $ | 18 | $ | 1,095 | ||||||||
Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment |
$ | 91 | $ | 772 | $ | 5 | $ | 868 | ||||||||
Loans: |
||||||||||||||||
Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment |
$ | | $ | 10,859 | $ | 43 | $ | 10,902 | ||||||||
Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment |
$ | 101,347 | $ | 20,561 | $ | 59 | $ | 121,967 | ||||||||
Charge-offs as a percentage of average loans in repayment (annualized) |
.03 | % | 2.89 | % | 3.43 | % | ||||||||||
Allowance coverage of charge-offs (annualized) |
3.6 | 2.4 | 6.3 | |||||||||||||
Allowance as a percentage of the ending total loan balance |
.09 | % | 5.88 | % | 22.30 | % | ||||||||||
Allowance as a percentage of the ending loans in repayment |
.12 | % | 7.04 | % | 22.30 | % | ||||||||||
Ending total loans(3) |
$ | 101,347 | $ | 31,420 | $ | 102 | ||||||||||
Average loans in repayment |
$ | 77,474 | $ | 26,644 | $ | 105 | ||||||||||
Ending loans in repayment |
$ | 76,755 | $ | 26,260 | $ | 102 |
(1) | Charge-offs are reported net of expected recoveries. For Private Education Loans, the expected recovery amount is transferred to the receivable for partially charged-off loan balance. Charge-offs include charge-offs against the receivable for partially charged-off loans which represents the difference between what was expected to be collected and any shortfalls in what was actually collected in the period. See Receivable for Partially Charged-Off Private Education Loans for further discussion. |
(2) | Represents the additional allowance related to the amount of uncollectible interest reserved within interest income that is transferred in the period to the allowance for loan losses when interest is capitalized to a loans principal balance. |
(3) | Ending total loans for Private Education Loans includes the receivable for partially charged-off loans. |
Key Credit Quality Indicators
FFELP Loans are substantially insured and guaranteed as to their principal and accrued interest in the event of default; therefore, the key credit quality indicator for this portfolio is loan status. The impact of changes in loan status is incorporated quarterly into the allowance for loan losses calculation.
9
NAVIENT CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
2. | Allowance for Loan Losses (Continued) |
For Private Education Loans, the key credit quality indicators are school type, FICO scores, the existence of a cosigner, the loan status and loan seasoning. The school type/FICO score are assessed at origination and maintained through the traditional/non-traditional loan designation. The other Private Education Loan key quality indicators can change and are incorporated quarterly into the allowance for loan losses calculation. The following table highlights the principal balance (excluding the receivable for partially charged-off loans) of our Private Education Loan portfolio stratified by the key credit quality indicators.
Private Education Loans Credit Quality Indicators |
||||||||||||||||
March 31, 2016 | December 31, 2015 | |||||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
Balance(3) | % of Balance | Balance(3) | % of Balance | ||||||||||||
Credit Quality Indicators |
||||||||||||||||
School Type/FICO Scores: |
||||||||||||||||
Traditional |
$ | 24,466 | 92 | % | $ | 25,280 | 92 | % | ||||||||
Non-Traditional(1) |
2,163 | 8 | 2,235 | 8 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Total |
$ | 26,629 | 100 | % | $ | 27,515 | 100 | % | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Cosigners: |
||||||||||||||||
With cosigner |
$ | 17,172 | 64 | % | $ | 17,738 | 64 | % | ||||||||
Without cosigner |
9,457 | 36 | 9,777 | 36 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Total |
$ | 26,629 | 100 | % | $ | 27,515 | 100 | % | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Seasoning(2): |
||||||||||||||||
1-12 payments |
$ | 1,434 | 6 | % | $ | 1,776 | 7 | % | ||||||||
13-24 payments |
1,692 | 6 | 1,977 | 7 | ||||||||||||
25-36 payments |
2,617 | 10 | 2,982 | 11 | ||||||||||||
37-48 payments |
3,574 | 13 | 3,787 | 14 | ||||||||||||
More than 48 payments |
15,385 | 58 | 14,953 | 54 | ||||||||||||
Not yet in repayment |
1,927 | 7 | 2,040 | 7 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Total |
$ | 26,629 | 100 | % | $ | 27,515 | 100 | % | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) | Defined as loans to customers attending for-profit schools (with a FICO score of less than 670 at origination) and customers attending not-for-profit schools (with a FICO score of less than 640 at origination). |
(2) | Number of months in active repayment for which a scheduled payment was received. |
(3) | Balance represents gross Private Education Loans. |
10
NAVIENT CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
2. | Allowance for Loan Losses (Continued) |
The following tables provide information regarding the loan status and aging of past due loans.
FFELP Loan Delinquencies | ||||||||||||||||
March 31, 2016 |
December 31, 2015 |
|||||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
Balance | % | Balance | % | ||||||||||||
Loans in-school/grace/deferment(1) |
$ | 7,986 | $ | 8,257 | ||||||||||||
Loans in forbearance(2) |
12,389 | 13,298 | ||||||||||||||
Loans in repayment and percentage of each status: |
||||||||||||||||
Loans current |
63,333 | 85.9 | % | 62,651 | 84.7 | % | ||||||||||
Loans delinquent 31-60 days(3) |
3,559 | 4.8 | 3,285 | 4.5 | ||||||||||||
Loans delinquent 61-90 days(3) |
1,657 | 2.3 | 1,856 | 2.5 | ||||||||||||
Loans delinquent greater than 90 days(3) |
5,150 | 7.0 | 6,142 | 8.3 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Total FFELP Loans in repayment |
73,699 | 100 | % | 73,934 | 100 | % | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Total FFELP Loans, gross |
94,074 | 95,489 | ||||||||||||||
FFELP Loan unamortized premium |
1,014 | 1,087 | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Total FFELP Loans |
95,088 | 96,576 | ||||||||||||||
FFELP Loan allowance for losses |
(70 | ) | (78 | ) | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
FFELP Loans, net |
$ | 95,018 | $ | 96,498 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Percentage of FFELP Loans in repayment |
78.3 | % | 77.4 | % | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Delinquencies as a percentage of FFELP Loans in repayment |
14.1 | % | 15.3 | % | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
FFELP Loans in forbearance as a percentage of loans in repayment and forbearance |
14.4 | % | 15.2 | % | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
(1) | Loans for customers who may still be attending school or engaging in other permitted educational activities and are not yet required to make payments on their loans, e.g., residency periods for medical students or a grace period for bar exam preparation, as well as loans for customers who have requested and qualify for other permitted program deferments such as military, unemployment, or economic hardships. |
(2) | Loans for customers who have used their allowable deferment time or do not qualify for deferment, that need additional time to obtain employment or who have temporarily ceased making full payments due to hardship or other factors. |
(3) | The period of delinquency is based on the number of days scheduled payments are contractually past due. |
11
NAVIENT CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
2. | Allowance for Loan Losses (Continued) |
Traditional Private Education Loan Delinquencies |
||||||||||||||||
March 31, 2016 |
December 31, 2015 |
|||||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
Balance | % | Balance | % | ||||||||||||
Loans in-school/grace/deferment(1) |
$ | 1,756 | $ | 1,859 | ||||||||||||
Loans in forbearance(2) |
809 | 863 | ||||||||||||||
Loans in repayment and percentage of each status: |
||||||||||||||||
Loans current |
20,673 | 94.4 | % | 21,085 | 93.5 | % | ||||||||||
Loans delinquent 31-60 days(3) |
371 | 1.7 | 491 | 2.2 | ||||||||||||
Loans delinquent 61-90 days(3) |
245 | 1.1 | 292 | 1.3 | ||||||||||||
Loans delinquent greater than 90 days(3) |
612 | 2.8 | 690 | 3.0 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Total traditional loans in repayment |
21,901 | 100 | % | 22,558 | 100 | % | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Total traditional loans, gross |
24,466 | 25,280 | ||||||||||||||
Traditional loans unamortized discount |
(455 | ) | (470 | ) | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Total traditional loans |
24,011 | 24,810 | ||||||||||||||
Traditional loans receivable for partially charged-off loans |
553 | 560 | ||||||||||||||
Traditional loans allowance for losses |
(1,203 | ) | (1,236 | ) | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Traditional loans, net |
$ | 23,361 | $ | 24,134 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Percentage of traditional loans in repayment |
89.5 | % | 89.2 | % | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Delinquencies as a percentage of traditional loans in repayment |
5.6 | % | 6.5 | % | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Loans in forbearance as a percentage of loans in repayment and forbearance |
3.6 | % | 3.7 | % | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
(1) | Deferment includes customers who have returned to school or are engaged in other permitted educational activities and are not yet required to make payments on their loans, e.g., residency periods for medical students or a grace period for bar exam preparation. |
(2) | Loans for customers who have requested extension of grace period generally during employment transition or who have temporarily ceased making full payments due to hardship or other factors, consistent with established loan program servicing policies and procedures. |
(3) | The period of delinquency is based on the number of days scheduled payments are contractually past due. |
12
NAVIENT CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
2. | Allowance for Loan Losses (Continued) |
Non-Traditional Private Education
Loan Delinquencies |
||||||||||||||||
March 31, 2016 |
December 31, 2015 |
|||||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
Balance | % | Balance | % | ||||||||||||
Loans in-school/grace/deferment(1) |
$ | 171 | $ | 181 | ||||||||||||
Loans in forbearance(2) |
107 | 110 | ||||||||||||||
Loans in repayment and percentage of each status: |
||||||||||||||||
Loans current |
1,640 | 87.0 | % | 1,646 | 84.7 | % | ||||||||||
Loans delinquent 31-60 days(3) |
63 | 3.3 | 86 | 4.4 | ||||||||||||
Loans delinquent 61-90 days(3) |
45 | 2.4 | 56 | 2.9 | ||||||||||||
Loans delinquent greater than 90 days(3) |
137 | 7.3 | 156 | 8.0 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Total non-traditional loans in repayment |
1,885 | 100 | % | 1,944 | 100 | % | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Total non-traditional loans, gross |
2,163 | 2,235 | ||||||||||||||
Non-traditional loans unamortized discount |
(60 | ) | (61 | ) | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Total non-traditional loans |
2,103 | 2,174 | ||||||||||||||
Non-traditional loans receivable for partially charged-off loans |
314 | 321 | ||||||||||||||
Non-traditional loans allowance for losses |
(231 | ) | (235 | ) | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Non-traditional loans, net |
$ | 2,186 | $ | 2,260 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Percentage of non-traditional loans in repayment |
87.1 | % | 87.0 | % | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Delinquencies as a percentage of non-traditional loans in repayment |
13.0 | % | 15.3 | % | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Loans in forbearance as a percentage of loans in repayment and forbearance |
5.4 | % | 5.4 | % | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
(1) | Deferment includes customers who have returned to school or are engaged in other permitted educational activities and are not yet required to make payments on their loans, e.g., residency periods for medical students or a grace period for bar exam preparation. |
(2) | Loans for customers who have requested extension of grace period generally during employment transition or who have temporarily ceased making full payments due to hardship or other factors, consistent with established loan program servicing policies and procedures. |
(3) | The period of delinquency is based on the number of days scheduled payments are contractually past due. |
Receivable for Partially Charged-Off Private Education Loans
At the end of each month, for loans that are 212 or more days past due, we charge off the estimated loss of a defaulted loan balance. Actual recoveries are applied against the remaining loan balance that was not charged off. We refer to this remaining loan balance as the receivable for partially charged-off loans. If actual periodic recoveries are less than expected, the difference is immediately charged off through the allowance for Private Education Loan losses with an offsetting reduction in the receivable for partially charged-off Private Education Loans. If actual periodic recoveries are greater than expected, they will be reflected as a recovery through the allowance for Private Education Loan losses once the cumulative recovery amount exceeds the cumulative amount originally expected to be recovered. The financial crisis, which began in 2007, impacted our collections on defaulted loans and as a result, Private Education Loans which defaulted from 2007 through March 31, 2015, experienced collection performance below our pre-financial crisis experience. For that reason, until we gained enough data and experience to determine the long-term, post-default recovery rate of 21 percent in second-quarter 2015, we established a reserve for potential shortfalls in recoveries. In the second quarter of 2015, the portion of the loan amount charged off at default increased from 73 percent to 79 percent. This did not impact the provision for loan losses as previously this had been reserved through the allowance for loan losses. This change resulted in a $330 million reduction to the balance of the receivable for partially charged-off loans. We no longer expect to have significant periodic recovery shortfalls as a result of this change; however, it is possible we may continue to experience such shortfalls.
13
NAVIENT CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
2. | Allowance for Loan Losses (Continued) |
The following table summarizes the activity in the receivable for partially charged-off Private Education Loans.
Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
2016 | 2015 | ||||||
Receivable at beginning of period |
$ | 881 | $ | 1,245 | ||||
Expected future recoveries of current period defaults(1) |
36 | 62 | ||||||
Recoveries(2) |
(50 | ) | (52 | ) | ||||
Charge-offs(3) |
| (19 | ) | |||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Receivable at end of period |
867 | 1,236 | ||||||
Allowance for estimated recovery shortfalls(4) |
| (380 | ) | |||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Net receivable at end of period |
$ | 867 | $ | 856 | ||||
|
|
|
|
(1) | Represents the difference between the loan balance and our estimate of the amount to be collected in the future. |
(2) | Current period cash collections. |
(3) | Prior to second-quarter 2015, charge-offs represent the current period recovery shortfall the difference between what was expected to be collected and what was actually collected. In the second quarter of 2015, the portion of the loan amount charged off at default increased from 73 percent to 79 percent. This change resulted in a $330 million reduction to the balance of the receivable for partially charged-off loans. These amounts are included in the Allowance for Private Education Loan Losses table. |
(4) | The allowance for estimated recovery shortfalls of the receivable for partially charged-off Private Education Loans is a component of the $1.8 billion overall allowance for Private Education Loan losses as of March 31, 2015. This component of the allowance was removed in the second quarter of 2015 due to the increase in the charge-off rate discussed above. |
Troubled Debt Restructurings (TDRs)
We sometimes modify the terms of loans for certain customers when we believe such modifications may increase the ability and willingness of a customer to make payments and thus increase the ultimate overall amount collected on a loan. These modifications generally take the form of a forbearance, a temporary interest rate reduction or an extended repayment plan. For customers experiencing financial difficulty, certain Private Education Loans for which we have granted either a forbearance of greater than three months, an interest rate reduction or an extended repayment plan are classified as TDRs. Approximately 57 percent and 56 percent of the loans granted forbearance have qualified as a TDR loan at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively. The unpaid principal balance of TDR loans that were in an interest rate reduction plan as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 was $2.7 billion and $2.5 billion, respectively.
14
NAVIENT CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
2. | Allowance for Loan Losses (Continued) |
At March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, all of our TDR loans had a related allowance recorded. The following table provides the recorded investment, unpaid principal balance and related allowance for our TDR loans.
TDR Loans | ||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
Recorded Investment(1) |
Unpaid Principal Balance |
Related Allowance |
|||||||||
March 31, 2016 |
||||||||||||
Private Education Loans Traditional |
$ | 9,276 | $ | 9,325 | $ | 978 | ||||||
Private Education Loans Non-Traditional |
1,425 | 1,429 | 207 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Total |
$ | 10,701 | $ | 10,754 | $ | 1,185 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
December 31, 2015 |
||||||||||||
Private Education Loans Traditional |
$ | 9,134 | $ | 9,200 | $ | 995 | ||||||
Private Education Loans Non-Traditional |
1,441 | 1,442 | 214 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Total |
$ | 10,575 | $ | 10,642 | $ | 1,209 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) | The recorded investment is equal to the unpaid principal balance and accrued interest receivable net of unamortized deferred fees and costs. |
The following table provides the average recorded investment and interest income recognized for our TDR loans.
Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||||||||||
2016 | 2015 | |||||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
Average Recorded Investment |
Interest Income Recognized |
Average Recorded Investment |
Interest Income Recognized |
||||||||||||
Private Education Loans Traditional |
$ | 9,221 | $ | 138 | $ | 8,856 | $ | 132 | ||||||||
Private Education Loans Non-Traditional |
1,434 | 27 | 1,476 | 29 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Total |
$ | 10,655 | $ | 165 | $ | 10,332 | $ | 161 | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
15
NAVIENT CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
2. | Allowance for Loan Losses (Continued) |
The following table provides information regarding the loan status and aging of TDR loans that are past due.
TDR Loan Delinquencies | ||||||||||||||||
March 31, 2016 |
December 31, 2015 |
|||||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
Balance | % | Balance | % | ||||||||||||
Loans in deferment(1) |
$ | 697 | $ | 706 | ||||||||||||
Loans in forbearance(2) |
665 | 695 | ||||||||||||||
Loans in repayment and percentage of each status: |
||||||||||||||||
Loans current |
8,228 | 87.6 | % | 7,885 | 85.3 | % | ||||||||||
Loans delinquent 31-60 days(3) |
326 | 3.5 | 414 | 4.5 | ||||||||||||
Loans delinquent 61-90 days(3) |
228 | 2.4 | 263 | 2.8 | ||||||||||||
Loans delinquent greater than 90 days(3) |
610 | 6.5 | 679 | 7.4 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Total TDR loans in repayment |
9,392 | 100 | % | 9,241 | 100 | % | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Total TDR loans, gross |
$ | 10,754 | $ | 10,642 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
(1) | Deferment includes customers who have returned to school or are engaged in other permitted educational activities and are not yet required to make payments on their loans, e.g., residency periods for medical students or a grace period for bar exam preparation. |
(2) | Loans for customers who have requested extension of grace period generally during employment transition or who have temporarily ceased making full payments due to hardship or other factors, consistent with established loan program servicing policies and procedures. |
(3) | The period of delinquency is based on the number of days scheduled payments are contractually past due. |
The following table provides the amount of loans modified in the periods presented that resulted in a TDR. Additionally, the table summarizes charge-offs occurring in the TDR portfolio, as well as TDRs for which a payment default occurred in the current period within 12 months of the loan first being designated as a TDR. We define payment default as 60 days past due for this disclosure. The majority of our loans that are considered TDRs involve a temporary forbearance of payments and do not change the contractual interest rate of the loan or do not involve an extended repayment plan.
Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
2016 | 2015 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
Modified Loans(1) |
Charge- Offs(2) |
Payment Default |
Modified Loans(1) |
Charge- Offs(2) |
Payment Default |
||||||||||||||||||
Private Education Loans Traditional |
$ | 341 | $ | 80 | $ | 62 | $ | 430 | $ | 91 | $ | 100 | ||||||||||||
Private Education Loans Non-Traditional |
27 | 22 | 11 | 42 | 28 | 18 | ||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Total |
$ | 368 | $ | 102 | $ | 73 | $ | 472 | $ | 119 | $ | 118 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) | Represents period ending balance of loans that have been modified during the period and resulted in a TDR. |
(2) | Represents loans that charged off that were classified as TDRs. |
16
NAVIENT CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
2. | Allowance for Loan Losses (Continued) |
Accrued Interest Receivable
The following table provides information regarding accrued interest receivable on our Private Education Loans.
(Dollars in millions) |
Accrued Interest Receivable |
Allowance for Uncollectible Interest |
||||||
March 31, 2016 |
||||||||
Private Education Loans Traditional |
$ | 407 | $ | 26 | ||||
Private Education Loans Non-Traditional |
53 | 8 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total |
$ | 460 | $ | 34 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
December 31, 2015 |
||||||||
Private Education Loans Traditional |
$ | 433 | $ | 26 | ||||
Private Education Loans Non-Traditional |
57 | 9 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total |
$ | 490 | $ | 35 | ||||
|
|
|
|
3. | Borrowings |
The following table summarizes our borrowings.
March 31, 2016 | December 31, 2015 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
Short Term |
Long Term |
Total | Short Term |
Long Term |
Total | ||||||||||||||||||
Unsecured borrowings: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Senior unsecured debt |
$ | 1,137 | $ | 12,987 | $ | 14,124 | $ | 1,120 | $ | 13,976 | $ | 15,096 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Total unsecured borrowings |
1,137 | 12,987 | 14,124 | 1,120 | 13,976 | 15,096 | ||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Secured borrowings: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
FFELP Loan securitizations |
| 76,411 | 76,411 | | 77,764 | 77,764 | ||||||||||||||||||
Private Education Loan securitizations(1) |
| 16,557 | 16,557 | | 16,900 | 16,900 | ||||||||||||||||||
FFELP Loan other facilities |
| 16,446 | 16,446 | | 16,276 | 16,276 | ||||||||||||||||||
Private Education Loan other facilities |
369 | | 369 | 710 | | 710 | ||||||||||||||||||
Other(2) |
877 | | 877 | 760 | | 760 | ||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Total secured borrowings |
1,246 | 109,414 | 110,660 | 1,470 | 110,940 | 112,410 | ||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Total before hedge accounting adjustments |
2,383 | 122,401 | 124,784 | 2,590 | 124,916 | 127,506 | ||||||||||||||||||
Hedge accounting adjustments |
(20 | ) | 519 | 499 | (20 | ) | (83 | ) | (103 | ) | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Total |
$ | 2,363 | $ | 122,920 | $ | 125,283 | $ | 2,570 | $ | 124,833 | $ | 127,403 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) | Includes $546 million of long-term debt related to the Private Education Loan asset-backed securitization repurchase facility (Repurchase Facility) as of both March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015. |
(2) | Other primarily consists of the obligation to return cash collateral held related to derivative exposure. |
17
NAVIENT CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
3. | Borrowings (Continued) |
Variable Interest Entities
We consolidated the following financing VIEs as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, as we are the primary beneficiary. As a result, these VIEs are accounted for as secured borrowings.
March 31, 2016 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Debt Outstanding | Carrying Amount of Assets Securing Debt Outstanding |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
Short Term |
Long Term |
Total | Loans | Cash | Other Assets |
Total | |||||||||||||||||||||
Secured Borrowings VIEs: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
FFELP Loan securitizations |
$ | | $ | 76,411 | $ | 76,411 | $ | 76,941 | $ | 2,783 | $ | 668 | $ | 80,392 | ||||||||||||||
Private Education Loan securitizations(1) |
| 16,557 | 16,557 | 21,936 | 520 | 300 | 22,756 | |||||||||||||||||||||
FFELP Loan other facilities |
| 12,846 | 12,846 | 13,300 | 317 | 178 | 13,795 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Private Education Loan other facilities |
369 | | 369 | 551 | 10 | 17 | 578 | |||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
Total before hedge accounting adjustments |
369 | 105,814 | 106,183 | 112,728 | 3,630 | 1,163 | 117,521 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Hedge accounting adjustments |
| (522 | ) | (522 | ) | | | (521 | ) | (521 | ) | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
Total |
$ | 369 | $ | 105,292 | $ | 105,661 | $ | 112,728 | $ | 3,630 | $ | 642 | $ | 117,000 | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2015 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Debt Outstanding | Carrying Amount of Assets Securing Debt Outstanding |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
Short Term |
Long Term |
Total | Loans | Cash | Other Assets |
Total | |||||||||||||||||||||
Secured Borrowings VIEs: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
FFELP Loan securitizations |
$ | | $ | 77,764 | $ | 77,764 | $ | 78,358 | $ | 2,760 | $ | 682 | $ | 81,800 | ||||||||||||||
Private Education Loan securitizations(1) |
| 16,900 | 16,900 | 22,014 | 452 | 323 | 22,789 | |||||||||||||||||||||
FFELP Loan other facilities |
| 12,676 | 12,676 | 13,158 | 324 | 168 | 13,650 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Private Education Loan other facilities |
710 | | 710 | 1,110 | 17 | 31 | 1,158 | |||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
Total before hedge accounting adjustments |
710 | 107,340 | 108,050 | 114,640 | 3,553 | 1,204 | 119,397 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Hedge accounting adjustments |
| (830 | ) | (830 | ) | | | (911 | ) | (911 | ) | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
Total |
$ | 710 | $ | 106,510 | $ | 107,220 | $ | 114,640 | $ | 3,553 | $ | 293 | $ | 118,486 | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) | Includes $546 million of long-term debt related to the Repurchase Facility as of both March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015. Includes $36 million and $41 million of restricted cash related to the Repurchase Facility as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively. |
4. | Derivative Financial Instruments |
Our risk management strategy and use of and accounting for derivatives have not materially changed from that discussed in our 2015 Form 10-K. Please refer to Note 7 Derivative Financial Instruments in our 2015 Form 10-K for a full discussion.
18
NAVIENT CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
4. | Derivative Financial Instruments (Continued) |
Summary of Derivative Financial Statement Impact
The following tables summarize the fair values and notional amounts of all derivative instruments at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, and their impact on other comprehensive income and earnings for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015.
Impact of Derivatives on Consolidated Balance Sheet
Cash Flow | Fair Value | Trading | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
Hedged Risk Exposure |
Mar. 31, 2016 |
Dec. 31, 2015 |
Mar. 31, 2016 |
Dec. 31, 2015 |
Mar. 31, 2016 |
Dec. 31, 2015 |
Mar. 31, 2016 |
Dec. 31, 2015 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fair Values(1) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Derivative Assets: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest rate swaps |
Interest rate | $ | | $ | | $ | 935 | $ | 694 | $ | 79 | $ | 32 | $ | 1,014 | $ | 726 | |||||||||||||||||
Cross-currency interest rate swaps |
Foreign currency and interest rate |
| | 28 | 2 | | | 28 | 2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other(2) |
Interest rate | | | | | 1 | | 1 | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
Total derivative assets(3) |
| | 963 | 696 | 80 | 32 | 1,043 | 728 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Derivative Liabilities: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest rate swaps |
Interest rate | (218 | ) | (89 | ) | | (3 | ) | (62 | ) | (68 | ) | (280 | ) | (160 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
Floor Income Contracts |
Interest rate | | | | | (349 | ) | (365 | ) | (349 | ) | (365 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Cross-currency interest rate swaps |
Foreign currency and interest rate |
| | (578 | ) | (926 | ) | (42 | ) | (62 | ) | (620 | ) | (988 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Other(2) |
Interest rate | | | | | (5 | ) | (2 | ) | (5 | ) | (2 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
Total derivative liabilities(3) |
(218 | ) | (89 | ) | (578 | ) | (929 | ) | (458 | ) | (497 | ) | (1,254 | ) | (1,515 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
Net total derivatives |
$ | (218 | ) | $ | (89 | ) | $ | 385 | $ | (233 | ) | $ | (378 | ) | $ | (465 | ) | $ | (211 | ) | $ | (787 | ) | |||||||||||
|
|
|
|
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|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) | Fair values reported are exclusive of collateral held and pledged and accrued interest. Assets and liabilities are presented without consideration of master netting agreements. Derivatives are carried on the balance sheet based on net position by counterparty under master netting agreements, and classified in other assets or other liabilities depending on whether in a net positive or negative position. |
(2) | Other includes embedded derivatives bifurcated from securitization debt as well as derivatives related to our Total Return Swap Facility. |
(3) | The following table reconciles gross positions without the impact of master netting agreements to the balance sheet classification: |
Other Assets | Other Liabilities | |||||||||||||||
(Dollar in millions) |
March 31, 2016 |
December 31, 2015 |
March 31, 2016 |
December 31, 2015 |
||||||||||||
Gross position |
$ | 1,043 | $ | 728 | $ | (1,254 | ) | $ | (1,515 | ) | ||||||
Impact of master netting agreements |
(26 | ) | (50 | ) | 26 | 50 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Derivative values with impact of master netting |
1,017 | 678 | (1,228 | ) | (1,465 | ) | ||||||||||
Cash collateral (held) pledged |
(875 | ) | (759 | ) | 392 | 466 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Net position |
$ | 142 | $ | (81 | ) | $ | (836 | ) | $ | (999 | ) | |||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
19
NAVIENT CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
4. | Derivative Financial Instruments (Continued) |
The above fair values include adjustments for counterparty credit risk both for when we are exposed to the counterparty, net of collateral postings, and when the counterparty is exposed to us, net of collateral postings. The net adjustments decreased the overall net asset positions at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 by $12 million and $1 million, respectively. In addition, the above fair values reflect adjustments for illiquid derivatives as indicated by a wide bid/ask spread in the interest rate indices to which the derivatives are indexed. These adjustments decreased the overall net asset positions at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 by $23 million and $31 million, respectively.
Cash Flow | Fair Value | Trading | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in billions) |
Mar. 31, 2016 |
Dec. 31, 2015 |
Mar. 31, 2016 |
Dec. 31, 2015 |
Mar. 31, 2016 |
Dec. 31, 2015 |
Mar. 31, 2016 |
Dec. 31, 2015 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Notional Values: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest rate swaps |
$ | 16.6 | $ | 9.5 | $ | 11.7 | $ | 12.6 | $ | 33.4 | $ | 33.8 | $ | 61.7 | $ | 55.9 | ||||||||||||||||
Floor Income Contracts |
| | | | 25.2 | 35.1 | 25.2 | 35.1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cross-currency interest rate swaps |
| | 8.9 | 9.1 | .3 | .3 | 9.2 | 9.4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other(1) |
| | | | 3.1 | 3.2 | 3.1 | 3.2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||
Total derivatives |
$ | 16.6 | $ | 9.5 | $ | 20.6 | $ | 21.7 | $ | 62.0 | $ | 72.4 | $ | 99.2 | $ | 103.6 | ||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) | Other includes embedded derivatives bifurcated from securitization debt as well as derivatives related to our Total Return Swap Facility. |
Impact of Derivatives on Consolidated Statements of Income
Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Derivatives(1)(2) |
Realized Gain (Loss) on Derivatives(3) |
Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Hedged Item(1) |
Total Gain (Loss) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
2016 | 2015 | 2016 | 2015 | 2016 | 2015 | 2016 | 2015 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fair Value Hedges: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest rate swaps |
$ | 244 | $ | 121 | $ | 71 | $ | 95 | $ | (280 | ) | $ | (130 | ) | $ | 35 | $ | 86 | ||||||||||||||
Cross-currency interest rate swaps |
374 | (842 | ) | (16 | ) | 2 | (306 | ) | 988 | 52 | 148 | |||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||
Total fair value derivatives |
618 | (721 | ) | 55 | 97 | (586 | ) | 858 | 87 | 234 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash Flow Hedges: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest rate swaps |
| | | | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||
Total cash flow derivatives |
| | | | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Trading: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest rate swaps |
53 | 18 | 10 | 11 | | | 63 | 29 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Floor Income Contracts |
27 | 72 | (138 | ) | (162 | ) | | | (111 | ) | (90 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Cross-currency interest rate swaps |
20 | (1 | ) | (1 | ) | (1 | ) | | | 19 | (2 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Other |
(2 | ) | (2 | ) | | (1 | ) | | | (2 | ) | (3 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||
Total trading derivatives |
98 | 87 | (129 | ) | (153 | ) | | | (31 | ) | (66 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||
Total |
716 | (634 | ) | (74 | ) | (56 | ) | (586 | ) | 858 | 56 | 168 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Less: realized gains (losses) recorded in interest expense |
| | 55 | 97 | | | 55 | 97 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||
Gains (losses) on derivative and hedging activities, net |
$ | 716 | $ | (634 | ) | $ | (129 | ) | $ | (153 | ) | $ | (586 | ) | $ | 858 | $ | 1 | $ | 71 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) | Recorded in Gains (losses) on derivative and hedging activities, net in the consolidated statements of income. |
(2) | Represents ineffectiveness related to cash flow hedges. |
(3) | For fair value and cash flow hedges, recorded in interest expense. For trading derivatives, recorded in Gains (losses) on derivative and hedging activities, net. |
20
NAVIENT CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
4. | Derivative Financial Instruments (Continued) |
Collateral
Collateral held and pledged related to derivative exposures between us and our derivative counterparties are detailed in the following table:
(Dollars in millions) |
March 31, 2016 |
December 31, 2015 |
||||||
Collateral held: | ||||||||
Cash (obligation to return cash collateral is recorded in short-term borrowings)(1) |
$ | 875 | $ | 759 | ||||
Securities at fair value on-balance sheet securitization derivatives (not recorded in financial statements)(2) |
398 | 301 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total collateral held |
$ | 1,273 | $ | 1,060 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Derivative asset at fair value including accrued interest |
$ | 1,160 | $ | 896 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Collateral pledged to others: |
||||||||
Cash (right to receive return of cash collateral is recorded in investments) |
$ | 392 | $ | 466 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total collateral pledged |
$ | 392 | $ | 466 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Derivative liability at fair value including accrued interest and premium receivable |
$ | 1,201 | $ | 1,395 | ||||
|
|
|
|
(1) | At March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, $0 million and $2 million, respectively, were held in restricted cash accounts. |
(2) | The trusts do not have the ability to sell or re-pledge securities they hold as collateral. |
Our corporate derivatives contain credit contingent features. At our current unsecured credit rating, we have fully collateralized our corporate derivative liability position (including accrued interest and net of premiums receivable) of $631 million with our counterparties. Downgrades in our unsecured credit rating would not result in any additional collateral requirements, except to increase the frequency of collateral calls. Two counterparties have the right to terminate the contracts based on our current unsecured credit rating. We are currently in an asset position with these derivative counterparties (including accrued interest and net of premiums receivable). Trust related derivatives do not contain credit contingent features related to our or the trusts credit ratings.
5. | Other Assets |
The following table provides the detail of our other assets.
(Dollars in millions) |
March 31, 2016 |
December 31, 2015 |
||||||
Accrued interest receivable, net |
$ | 1,575 | $ | 1,646 | ||||
Derivatives at fair value |
1,017 | 678 | ||||||
Income tax asset, net current and deferred |
860 | 906 | ||||||
Benefit and insurance-related investments |
484 | 491 | ||||||
Accounts receivable |
169 | 329 | ||||||
Fixed assets, net |
161 | 162 | ||||||
Other loans, net |
68 | 70 | ||||||
Other |
363 | 400 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total |
$ | 4,697 | $ | 4,682 | ||||
|
|
|
|
21
NAVIENT CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
6. | Business Combinations Acquisition of Gila LLC and Xtend Healthcare |
Acquisitions are accounted for under the acquisition method of accounting as defined in ASC 805, Business Combinations. The Company allocates the purchase price to the fair value of the acquired tangible assets, liabilities and identifiable intangible assets as of the acquisition date as determined by an independent appraiser.
During 2015, Navient completed acquisitions of Gila LLC and Xtend Healthcare. Navient has not disclosed the pro forma impact of these acquisitions to the results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2015, as the pro forma impact was deemed immaterial.
Acquisition of Gila LLC
During February 2015, the Company acquired a 98 percent majority controlling interest in Gila LLC for approximately $185 million. Gila LLC is an asset recovery and business processing firm. The firm provides receivables management services and account processing solutions for state governments, agencies, court systems and municipalities. The results of operations of Gila LLC have been included in Navients consolidated financial statements since the acquisition date and are reflected in Navients Business Services segment.
As of September 2015, the Company finalized its purchase price allocation for Gila LLC which resulted in an excess purchase price over the fair value of net assets acquired, or goodwill, of $97 million.
Identifiable intangible assets at the acquisition date included the Gila LLC trade name, an indefinite life intangible asset, with an aggregate estimated fair value of approximately $13 million as of the acquisition date as well as definite life intangible assets with an estimated aggregate fair value of approximately $71 million as of the acquisition date. These definite life intangible assets consist primarily of customer relationships which will be amortized over 2 to 16 years depending on the economic benefit derived from each of the underlying assets.
Acquisition of Xtend Healthcare
During October 2015, Navient acquired a 91 percent controlling interest in Xtend Healthcare for approximately $164 million. Xtend Healthcare is a health care revenue cycle management company that provides health insurance claims billing and account resolution, as well as patient billing and customer service. The results of operations of Xtend Healthcare have been included in Navients consolidated financial statements since the acquisition date and are reflected in Navients Business Services segment.
The Companys purchase price allocation as of March 31, 2016 is preliminary as the Company is awaiting the final results of a valuation that is being performed by an independent appraiser. We anticipate the purchase price allocation will be completed by the end of the second quarter of 2016. The preliminary estimate of goodwill is $101 million.
Identifiable intangible assets at the acquisition date include the Xtend Healthcare trade name, an indefinite life intangible asset, with a preliminary estimated aggregate fair value of approximately $15 million as of the acquisition date. Definite life intangible assets with preliminary estimated aggregate fair values of approximately $51 million as of the acquisition date consist primarily of customer relationships.
During the first-quarter 2016, there were no other changes or adjustments to goodwill and intangible assets.
22
NAVIENT CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
7. | Stockholders Equity |
The following table summarizes common share repurchases and issuances.
Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||
2016 | 2015 | |||||||
Common shares repurchased(1) |
19,210,281 | 14,653,835 | ||||||
Average purchase price per share |
$ | 10.42 | $ | 20.49 | ||||
Shares repurchased related to employee stock-based compensation plans(2) |
986,273 | 1,644,764 | ||||||
Average purchase price per share |
$ | 9.96 | $ | 20.86 | ||||
Common shares issued(3) |
2,499,585 | 3,585,238 |
(1) | Common shares purchased under our share repurchase programs. |
(2) | Comprises shares withheld from stock option exercises and vesting of restricted stock for employees tax withholding obligations and shares tendered by employees to satisfy option exercise costs. |
(3) | Common shares issued under our various compensation and benefit plans. |
The closing price of our common stock on March 31, 2016 was $11.97.
Dividend and Share Repurchase Program
In March 2016, we paid a common stock dividend of $0.16 per share.
We repurchased 19.2 million shares of common stock for $200 million in the first quarter of 2016. The shares were repurchased under our previously disclosed share repurchase programs. As of March 31, 2016, the remaining repurchase authority was $555 million. In the first quarter of 2015, we repurchased 14.7 million shares for $300 million.
23
NAVIENT CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
8. | Earnings per Common Share |
Basic earnings per common share (EPS) are calculated using the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during each period. A reconciliation of the numerators and denominators of the basic and diluted EPS calculations follows.
Three Months Ended March 31, |
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(In millions, except per share data) |
2016 | 2015 | ||||||
Numerator: |
||||||||
Net income attributable to Navient Corporation |
$ | 181 | $ | 292 | ||||
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Denominator: |
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Weighted average shares used to compute basic EPS |
339 | 398 | ||||||
Effect of dilutive securities: |
||||||||
Dilutive effect of stock options, non-vested restricted stock, restricted stock units and Employee Stock Purchase Plans (ESPPs)(1) |
4 | 7 | ||||||
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Dilutive potential common shares(2) |
4 | 7 | ||||||
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Weighted average shares used to compute diluted EPS |
343 | 405 | ||||||
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Basic earnings (loss) per common share attributable to Navient Corporation: |
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Continuing operations |
$ | .53 | $ | .73 | ||||
Discontinued operations |
| | ||||||
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Total |
$ | .53 | $ | .73 | ||||
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Diluted earnings (loss) per common share attributable to Navient Corporation: |
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Continuing operations |
$ | .53 | $ | .72 | ||||
Discontinued operations |
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Total |
$ | .53 | $ | .72 | ||||
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(1) | Includes the potential dilutive effect of additional common shares that are issuable upon exercise of outstanding stock options, non-vested restricted stock, restricted stock units, and the outstanding commitment to issue shares under applicable ESPPs, determined by the treasury stock method. |
(2) | For the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, stock options covering approximately 9 million and 4 million shares, respectively, were outstanding but not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share because they were anti-dilutive. |
24
NAVIENT CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
9. | Fair Value Measurements |
We use estimates of fair value in applying various accounting standards in our financial statements. We categorize our fair value estimates based on a hierarchical framework associated with three levels of price transparency utilized in measuring financial instruments at fair value. Please refer to Note 12 Fair Value Measurements in our 2015 Form 10-K for a full discussion.
During the three months ended March 31, 2016, there were no significant transfers of financial instruments between levels, or changes in our methodology or assumptions used to value our financial instruments.
The following table summarizes the valuation of our financial instruments that are marked-to-market on a recurring basis.
Fair Value Measurements on a Recurring Basis | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
March 31, 2016 | December 31, 2015 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | Total | Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Assets |
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Available-for-sale investments: |
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Agency residential mortgage-backed securities |
$ | | $ | 1 | $ | | $ | 1 | $ | | $ | 1 | $ | | $ | 1 | ||||||||||||||||
Other |
| 4 | | 4 | | 4 | | 4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Total available-for-sale investments |
| 5 | | 5 | | 5 | | 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Derivative instruments:(1) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest rate swaps |
| 985 | 29 | 1,014 | | 709 | 17 | 726 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cross-currency interest rate swaps |
| | 28 | 28 | | | 2 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other |
| | 1 | 1 | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Total derivative assets(3) |
| 985 | 58 | 1,043 | | 709 | 19 | 728 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Total |
$ | | $ | 990 | $ | 58 | $ | 1,048 | $ | | $ | 714 | $ | 19 | $ | 733 | ||||||||||||||||
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Liabilities(2) |
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Derivative instruments(1) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest rate swaps |
$ | | $ | (219 | ) | $ | (61 | ) | $ | (280 | ) | $ | | $ | (99 | ) | $ | (61 | ) | $ | (160 | ) | ||||||||||
Floor Income Contracts |
| (349 | ) | | (349 | ) | | (365 | ) | | (365 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Cross-currency interest rate swaps |
| (64 | ) | (556 | ) | (620 | ) | | (83 | ) | (905 | ) | (988 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
Other |
| | (5 | ) | (5 | ) | | | (2 | ) | (2 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
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Total derivative liabilities(3) |
| (632 | ) | (622 | ) | (1,254 | ) | | (547 | ) | (968 | ) | (1,515 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
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Total |
$ | | $ | (632 | ) | $ | (622 | ) | $ | (1,254 | ) | $ | | $ | (547 | ) | $ | (968 | ) | $ | (1,515 | ) | ||||||||||
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(1) | Fair value of derivative instruments excludes accrued interest and the value of collateral. |
(2) | Borrowings which are the hedged items in a fair value hedge relationship and which are adjusted for changes in value due to benchmark interest rates only are not carried at full fair value and are not reflected in this table. |
(3) | See Note 4 Derivative Financial Instruments for a reconciliation of gross positions without the impact of master netting agreements to the balance sheet classification. |
25
NAVIENT CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
9. | Fair Value Measurements (Continued) |
The following tables summarize the change in balance sheet carrying value associated with level 3 financial instruments carried at fair value on a recurring basis.
Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2016 | 2015 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Derivative instruments | Derivative instruments | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
Interest Rate Swaps |
Cross Currency Interest Rate Swaps |
Other | Total Derivative Instruments |
Interest Rate Swaps |
Cross Currency Interest Rate Swaps |
Other | Total Derivative Instruments |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance, beginning of period |
$ | (44 | ) | $ | (903 | ) | $ | (2 | ) | $ | (949 | ) | $ | (88 | ) | $ | (117 | ) | $ | (11 | ) | $ | (216 | ) | ||||||||
Total gains/(losses) (realized and unrealized): |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Included in earnings(1) |
11 | 358 | (2 | ) | 367 | 1 | (840 | ) | (3 | ) | (842 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Included in other comprehensive income |
| | | | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Settlements |
1 | 17 | | 18 | (1 | ) | (1 | ) | 1 | (1 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Transfers in and/or out of level 3 |
| | | | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Balance, end of period |
$ | (32 | ) | $ | (528 | ) | $ | (4 | ) | $ | (564 | ) | $ | (88 | ) | $ | (958 | ) | $ | (13 | ) | $ | (1,059 | ) | ||||||||
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Change in unrealized gains/(losses) relating to instruments still held at the reporting date(2) |
$ | 12 | $ | 375 | $ | (2 | ) | $ | 385 | $ | | $ | (838 | ) | $ | (2 | ) | $ | (840 | ) | ||||||||||||
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(1) | Included in earnings is comprised of the following amounts recorded in the specified line item in the consolidated statements of income: |
Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
2016 | 2015 | ||||||
Gains (losses) on derivative and hedging activities, net |
$ | 384 | $ | (843 | ) | |||
Interest expense |
(17 | ) | 1 | |||||
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Total |
$ | 367 | $ | (842 | ) | |||
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(2) | Recorded in gains (losses) on derivative and hedging activities, net in the consolidated statements of income. |
The following table presents the significant inputs that are unobservable or from inactive markets used in the recurring valuations of the level 3 financial instruments detailed above.
(Dollars in millions) |
Fair Value at March 31, 2016 |
Valuation Technique |
Input | Range (Weighted Average) | ||||||
Derivatives |
||||||||||
Consumer Price Index/LIBOR basis swaps |
$ | 11 | Discounted cash flow | Bid/ask adjustment to discount rate |
.02% .05% (.05%) | |||||
Prime/LIBOR basis swaps |
(43 | ) | Discounted cash flow | Constant prepayment rate | 4.9% | |||||
Bid/ask adjustment to discount rate |
.03% .05% (.03%) | |||||||||
Cross-currency interest rate swaps |
(528 | ) | Discounted cash flow | Constant prepayment rate | 2.8% | |||||
Other |
(4 | ) | ||||||||
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Total |
$ | (564 | ) | |||||||
|
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26
NAVIENT CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
9. | Fair Value Measurements (Continued) |
The significant inputs that are unobservable or from inactive markets related to our level 3 derivatives detailed in the table above would be expected to have the following impacts to the valuations:
| Consumer Price Index/LIBOR basis swaps These swaps do not actively trade in the markets as indicated by a wide bid/ask spread. A wider bid/ask spread will result in a decrease in the overall valuation. |
| Prime/LIBOR basis swaps These swaps do not actively trade in the markets as indicated by a wide bid/ask spread. A wider bid/ask spread will result in a decrease in the overall valuation. In addition, the unobservable inputs include Constant Prepayment Rates of the underlying securitization trust the swap references. A decrease in this input will result in a longer weighted average life of the swap which will increase the value for swaps in a gain position and decrease the value for swaps in a loss position, everything else equal. The opposite is true for an increase in the input. |
| Cross-currency interest rate swaps The unobservable inputs used in these valuations are Constant Prepayment Rates of the underlying securitization trust the swap references. A decrease in this input will result in a longer weighted average life of the swap. All else equal in a typical currency market, this will result in a decrease to the valuation due to the delay in the cash flows of the currency exchanges as well as diminished liquidity in the forward exchange markets as you increase the term. The opposite is true for an increase in the input. |
The following table summarizes the fair values of our financial assets and liabilities, including derivative financial instruments.
March 31, 2016 | December 31, 2015 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
Fair Value |
Carrying Value |
Difference | Fair Value |
Carrying Value |
Difference | ||||||||||||||||||
Earning assets |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
FFELP Loans |
$ | 92,550 | $ | 95,018 | $ | (2,468 | ) | $ | 94,377 | $ | 96,498 | $ | (2,121 | ) | ||||||||||
Private Education Loans |
24,716 | 25,547 | (831 | ) | 25,772 | 26,394 | (622 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Cash and investments(1) |
5,413 | 5,413 | | 5,833 | 5,833 | | ||||||||||||||||||
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Total earning assets |
122,679 | 125,978 | (3,299 | ) | 125,982 | 128,725 | (2,743 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
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Interest-bearing liabilities |
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Short-term borrowings |
2,370 | 2,363 | (7 | ) | 2,569 | 2,570 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||
Long-term borrowings |
115,815 | 122,920 | 7,105 | 118,471 | 124,833 | 6,362 | ||||||||||||||||||
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Total interest-bearing liabilities |
118,185 | 125,283 | 7,098 | 121,040 | 127,403 | 6,363 | ||||||||||||||||||
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Derivative financial instruments |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Floor Income Contracts |
(349 | ) | (349 | ) | | (365 | ) | (365 | ) | | ||||||||||||||
Interest rate swaps |
734 | 734 | | 566 | 566 | | ||||||||||||||||||
Cross-currency interest rate swaps |
(592 | ) | (592 | ) | | (986 | ) | (986 | ) | | ||||||||||||||
Other |
(4 | ) | (4 | ) | | (2 | ) | (2 | ) | | ||||||||||||||
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Excess of net asset fair value over carrying value |
$ | 3,799 | $ | 3,620 | ||||||||||||||||||||
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|
|
(1) | Cash and investments includes available-for-sale investments that consist of investments that are primarily agency securities whose cost basis is $4 million and $4 million at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively, versus a fair value of $5 million and $5 million at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively. |
27
NAVIENT CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
10. | Commitments and Contingencies |
Regulatory Matters
On May 2, 2014, Navient Solutions, Inc. (NSI), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Navient, and Sallie Mae Bank entered into consent orders with the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (the FDIC) (respectively, the NSI Order and the Bank Order; collectively, the FDIC Orders) to resolve matters related to certain cited violations of Section 5 of the Federal Trade Commission Act, including the disclosures and assessments of certain late fees, as well as alleged violations under the Servicemembers Civil Relief Act (the SCRA). The FDIC Orders, which became effective upon the signing of the consent order with the United States Department of Justice (the DOJ) by NSI and SLM BankCo on May 13, 2014, required NSI to pay $3.3 million in civil monetary penalties. NSI paid its civil monetary penalties. In addition, the FDIC Orders required the establishment of a restitution reserve account totaling $30 million to provide restitution with respect to loans owned or originated by Sallie Mae Bank, from November 28, 2005 until the effective date of the FDIC Orders. Pursuant to the Separation and Distribution Agreement among SLM Corporation, SLM BankCo and Navient dated as of April 28, 2014 (the Separation Agreement), Navient funded the restitution reserve account in May 2014.
The NSI Order also required NSI to ensure proper servicing for service members and proper application of SCRA benefits under a revised and broader definition of eligibility than previously required by the statute and regulatory guidance and to make changes to billing statements and late fee practices. These changes to billing statements and late fee practices have already been implemented. NSI also decided to voluntarily make restitution of certain late fees to all other customers whose loans were neither owned nor originated by Sallie Mae Bank. They were calculated in the same manner as that which was required under the FDIC Orders and are estimated to be $42 million. The process to refund these fees as well as amounts from the restitution fund is substantially complete.
With respect to alleged civil violations of the SCRA, NSI and Sallie Mae Bank entered into a consent order with the DOJ in May 2014. The DOJ consent order (the DOJ Order) covers all loans either owned by Sallie Mae Bank or serviced by NSI from November 28, 2005 until the effective date of the settlement. The DOJ Order required NSI to fund a $60 million settlement fund, which represents the total amount of compensation due to service members under the DOJ agreement, and to pay $55,000 in civil penalties. The DOJ Order was approved by the United States District Court in Delaware on September 29, 2014. Shortly thereafter, Navient funded the settlement fund and paid the civil penalties pursuant to the terms of the order. On April 15, 2015, the DOJ approved the distribution plan for the settlement fund and the funds were disbursed in the second quarter of 2015.
The total reserves established by the Company in 2013 and 2014 to cover these costs were $177 million, and as of March 31, 2016, substantially all of this amount had been paid or credited or refunded to customer accounts. The final cost of these proceedings will remain uncertain until all of the work under the various consent orders has been completed and the consent orders are lifted.
As previously disclosed, the Company and various of its subsidiaries are subject to the following investigations and inquiries:
| In December 2013, Navient received Civil Investigative Demands (CIDs) issued by the State of Illinois Office of Attorney General and the State of Washington Office of the Attorney General and multiple other state Attorneys General. According to the CIDs, the investigations were initiated to ascertain whether any practices declared to be unlawful under the Consumer Fraud and Deceptive Business Practices Act have occurred or are about to occur. |
| In April 2014, NSI received a CID from the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (the CFPB) as part of the CFPBs separate investigation regarding allegations relating to Navients disclosures and |
28
NAVIENT CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
10. | Commitments and Contingencies (Continued) |
assessment of late fees and other matters. Navient has received a series of supplemental CIDs on these matters. On August 19, 2015, NSI received a letter from the CFPB notifying NSI that, in accordance with the CFPBs discretionary Notice and Opportunity to Respond and Advise (NORA) process, the CFPBs Office of Enforcement is considering recommending that the CFPB take legal action against NSI. The NORA letter relates to a previously disclosed investigation into NSIs disclosures and assessment of late fees and other matters and states that, in connection with any action, the CFPB may seek restitution, civil monetary penalties and corrective action against NSI. The Company responded to the NORA letter on September 10, 2015. |
| In November 2014, Navients subsidiary, Pioneer Credit Recovery, Inc. (Pioneer), received a CID from the CFPB as part of the CFPBs investigation regarding Pioneers activities relating to rehabilitation loans and collection of defaulted student debt. The CFPB has informed the Company that they have combined this matter with the aforementioned servicing matter. |
| In December 2014, NSI received a subpoena from the New York Department of Financial Services (the NY DFS) as part of the NY DFSs inquiry with regard to whether persons or entities have engaged in fraud or misconduct with respect to a financial product or service under New York Financial Services Law or other laws. |
We have been in discussions with each of these regulatory entities or bodies and are cooperating with these investigations, inquiries or examinations and are committed to resolving any potential concerns. It is not possible at this time to estimate a range of potential exposure, if any, for amounts that may be payable in connection with these matters and reserves have not been established.
In addition, Navient and its subsidiaries are subject to examination by the CFPB, FDIC, ED and various state agencies as part of its ordinary course of business. Items or matters similar to or different from those described above may arise during the course of those examinations. We also routinely receive inquiries or requests from various regulatory entities or bodies or government agencies concerning our business or our assets. The Company endeavors to cooperate with each such inquiry or request.
Under the terms of the Separation Agreement, Navient has agreed to be responsible and indemnify SLM BankCo for all claims, actions, damages, losses or expenses that may arise from the conduct of all activities of pre-Spin-Off SLM BankCo occurring prior to the Spin-Off other than those specifically excluded in the Separation and Distribution Agreement. As a result, all liabilities arising out of the regulatory matters mentioned above, other than fines or penalties directly levied against Sallie Mae Bank, are the responsibility of, or assumed by, Navient or one of its subsidiaries, and Navient has agreed to indemnify and hold harmless Sallie Mae and its subsidiaries, including Sallie Mae Bank, therefrom. Navient has no additional reserves related to indemnification matters with SLM BankCo as of March 31, 2016.
OIG Audit
The Office of the Inspector General (the OIG) of ED commenced an audit regarding Special Allowance Payments (SAP) on September 10, 2007. On September 25, 2013, we received the final audit determination of Federal Student Aid (the Final Audit Determination) on the final audit report issued by the OIG on August 3, 2009 related to this audit. The Final Audit Determination concurred with the final audit report issued by the OIG and instructed us to make adjustment to our government billing to reflect the policy determination. Navient remains in active discussions with ED on this matter and we also have the right to appeal the Final Audit Determination to the Administrative Actions and Appeals Service Group of ED. The period to file an appeal in this matter has not expired. We continue to believe that our SAP billing practices were proper, considering then-existing ED guidance and lack of applicable regulations. The Company established a reserve for this matter in 2014 as part of the total reserve for pending regulatory matters discussed previously.
29
NAVIENT CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
10. | Commitments and Contingencies (Continued) |
Contingencies
In the ordinary course of business, we and our subsidiaries are defendants in or parties to pending and threatened legal actions and proceedings including actions brought on behalf of various classes of claimants. These actions and proceedings may be based on alleged violations of consumer protection, securities, employment and other laws. In certain of these actions and proceedings, claims for substantial monetary damage are asserted against us and our subsidiaries.
In the ordinary course of business, we and our subsidiaries are subject to regulatory examinations, information gathering requests, inquiries and investigations. In connection with formal and informal inquiries in these cases, we and our subsidiaries receive numerous requests, subpoenas and orders for documents, testimony and information in connection with various aspects of our regulated activities.
In view of the inherent difficulty of predicting the outcome of such litigation and regulatory matters, we cannot predict what the eventual outcome of the pending matters will be, what the timing or the ultimate resolution of these matters will be, or what the eventual loss, fines or penalties related to each pending matter may be.
We are required to establish reserves for litigation and regulatory matters where those matters present loss contingencies that are both probable and estimable. When loss contingencies are not both probable and estimable, we do not establish reserves.
Based on current knowledge, reserves have been established for certain litigation or regulatory matters where the loss is both probable and estimable. Based on current knowledge, management does not believe that loss contingencies, if any, arising from pending investigations, litigation or regulatory matters will have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial position, liquidity, results of operations or cash flows.
11. | Segment Reporting |
FFELP Loans Segment
In the FFELP Loans segment, we acquire and finance FFELP Loans. Even though FFELP Loans are no longer originated due to changes in federal law that took effect in 2010, we continue to pursue acquisitions of FFELP Loan portfolios that leverage our servicing scale and generate incremental earnings and cash flow. In this segment, we primarily earn net interest income on the FFELP Loan portfolio (after provision for loan losses). This segment is expected to generate significant amounts of earnings and cash flow as the portfolio amortizes.
The following table includes GAAP basis asset information for our FFELP Loans segment.
(Dollars in millions) |
March 31, 2016 |
December 31, 2015 |
||||||
FFELP Loans, net |
$ | 95,018 | $ | 96,498 | ||||
Cash and investments(1) |
3,500 | 3,572 | ||||||
Other |
1,918 | 2,015 | ||||||
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|
|
|
|||||
Total assets |
$ | 100,436 | $ | 102,085 | ||||
|
|
|
|
(1) | Includes restricted cash and investments. |
30
NAVIENT CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
11. | Segment Reporting (Continued) |
Private Education Loans Segment
In this segment, we acquire, finance and service Private Education Loans. Even though we no longer originate Private Education Loans, we continue to pursue acquisitions of Private Education Loan portfolios that leverage our servicing scale and generate incremental earnings and cash flow. In this segment, we primarily earn net interest income on the Private Education Loan portfolio (after provision for loan losses). This segment is expected to generate significant amounts of earnings and cash flow as the portfolio amortizes.
The following table includes GAAP basis asset information for our Private Education Loans segment.
(Dollars in millions) |
March 31, 2016 |
December 31, 2015 |
||||||
Private Education Loans, net |
$ | 25,547 | $ | 26,394 | ||||
Cash and investments(1) |
672 | 596 | ||||||
Other |
2,074 | 1,988 | ||||||
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Total assets |
$ | 28,293 | $ | 28,978 | ||||
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(1) | Includes restricted cash and investments. |
Business Services Segment
Our Business Services segment generates revenue from servicing, asset recovery and business processing activities. Within this segment, we primarily generate revenue from servicing our FFELP Loan portfolio as well as servicing education loans for Guarantors of FFELP Loans and other institutions, including ED. We provide asset recovery services for loans and receivables on behalf of Guarantors of FFELP Loans, higher education institutions and federal, state, court and municipal clients. In addition, we provide business processing services on behalf of municipalities, public authorities and hospitals.
At March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the Business Services segment had total assets of $654 million and $657 million, respectively, on a GAAP basis.
Other Segment
Our Other segment primarily consists of activities of our holding company, including the repurchase of debt, our corporate liquidity portfolio, unallocated overhead and regulatory-related costs. We also include results from certain smaller wind-down operations within this segment. Overhead expenses include costs related to executive management, the board of directors, accounting, finance, legal, human resources, stock-based compensation expense and certain information technology costs related to infrastructure and operations. Regulatory-related costs include actual settlement amounts as well as third-party professional fees we incur in connection with regulatory matters.
At March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the Other segment had total assets of $2.0 billion and $2.4 billion, respectively, on a GAAP basis.
Measure of Profitability
We prepare financial statements in accordance with GAAP. However, we also evaluate our business segments on a basis that differs from GAAP. We refer to this different basis of presentation as Core Earnings. We provide this Core Earnings basis of presentation on a consolidated basis for each business segment because this is what we review internally when making management decisions regarding our performance and how we allocate resources. We also refer to this information in our presentations with credit rating agencies, lenders and
31
NAVIENT CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
11. | Segment Reporting (Continued) |
investors. Because our Core Earnings basis of presentation corresponds to our segment financial presentations, we are required by GAAP to provide Core Earnings disclosure in the notes to our consolidated financial statements for our business segments.
Core Earnings are not a substitute for reported results under GAAP. We use Core Earnings to manage each business segment because Core Earnings reflect adjustments to GAAP financial results for three items, discussed below, that are either related to the Spin-Off or create significant volatility mostly due to timing factors generally beyond the control of management. Accordingly, we believe that Core Earnings provide management with a useful basis from which to better evaluate results from ongoing operations against the business plan or against results from prior periods. Consequently, we disclose this information because we believe it provides investors with additional information regarding the operational and performance indicators that are most closely assessed by management. When compared to GAAP results, the three items we remove to result in our Core Earnings presentations are:
1. | The financial results attributable to the operations of SLM BankCo prior to the Spin-Off and related restructuring and other reorganization expense incurred in connection with the Spin-Off, including the restructuring expenses related to the restructuring initiative launched in second-quarter 2015 to simplify and streamline the Companys management structure post-Spin-Off. For GAAP purposes, Navient reflected the deemed distribution of SLM BankCo on April 30, 2014. For Core Earnings, we exclude the consumer banking business as if it had never been a part of Navients historical results prior to the deemed distribution of SLM BankCo on April 30, 2014; |
2. | Unrealized mark-to-market gains/losses resulting from our use of derivative instruments to hedge our economic risks that do not qualify for hedge accounting treatment or do qualify for hedge accounting treatment but result in ineffectiveness; and |
3. | The accounting for goodwill and acquired intangible assets. |
While GAAP provides a uniform, comprehensive basis of accounting, for the reasons described above, our Core Earnings basis of presentation does not. Core Earnings are subject to certain general and specific limitations that investors should carefully consider. For example, there is no comprehensive, authoritative guidance for management reporting. Our Core Earnings are not defined terms within GAAP and may not be comparable to similarly titled measures reported by other companies. Accordingly, our Core Earnings presentation does not represent a comprehensive basis of accounting. Investors, therefore, may not be able to compare our performance with that of other financial services companies based upon Core Earnings. Core Earnings results are only meant to supplement GAAP results by providing additional information regarding the operational and performance indicators that are most closely used by management, our board of directors, credit rating agencies, lenders and investors to assess performance.
32
NAVIENT CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
11. | Segment Reporting (Continued) |
Segment Results and Reconciliations to GAAP
Three Months Ended March 31, 2016 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
FFELP Loans |
Private Education Loans |
Business Services |
Other | Eliminations(1) | Total Core Earnings |
Adjustments | Total GAAP |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Reclassifications | Additions/ (Subtractions) |
Total Adjustments(2) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest income: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Education loans |
$ | 555 | $ | 411 | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | 966 | $ | 138 | $ | (59 | ) | $ | 79 | $ | 1,045 | |||||||||||||||||||
Other loans |
| | | 1 | | 1 | | | | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash and investments |
3 | 1 | | 1 | | 5 | | | | 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|||||||||||||||||||||
Total interest income |
558 | 412 | | 2 | | 972 | 138 | (59 | ) | 79 | 1,051 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total interest expense |
358 | 172 | | 26 | | 556 | 9 | | 9 | 565 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|||||||||||||||||||||
Net interest income (loss) |
200 | 240 | | (24 | ) | | 416 | 129 | (59 | ) | 70 | 486 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Less: provisions for loan losses |
7 | 104 | | | | 111 | | | | 111 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|||||||||||||||||||||
Net interest income (loss) after provisions for loan losses |
193 | 136 | | (24 | ) | | 305 | 129 | (59 | ) | 70 | 375 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other income (loss): |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Servicing revenue |
16 | 4 | 163 | | (101 | ) | 82 | | | | 82 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Asset recovery and business processing revenue |
| | 90 | | | 90 | | | | 90 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other income (loss) |
| | 1 | 3 | | 4 | (129 | ) | 113 | (16 | ) | (12 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gains (losses) on sales of loans and investments |
| | | | | | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gains on debt repurchases |
| | | | | | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|||||||||||||||||||||
Total other income (loss) |
16 | 4 | 254 | 3 | (101 | ) | 176 | (129 | ) | 113 | (16 | ) | 160 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Expenses: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Direct operating expenses |
104 | 43 | 134 | 6 | (101 | ) | 186 | | | | 186 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Overhead expenses |
| | | 61 | | 61 | | | | 61 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|||||||||||||||||||||
Operating expenses |
104 | 43 | 134 | 67 | (101 | ) | 247 | | | | 247 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Goodwill and acquired intangible asset impairment and amortization |
| | | | | | | 4 | 4 | 4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Restructuring and other reorganization expenses |
| | | | | | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|||||||||||||||||||||
Total expenses |
104 | 43 | 134 | 67 | (101 | ) | 247 | | 4 | 4 | 251 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Income (loss) from continuing operations, before income tax expense (benefit) |
105 | 97 | 120 | (88 | ) | | 234 | | 50 | 50 | 284 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Income tax expense (benefit)(3) |
39 | 36 | 45 | (33 | ) | | 87 | | 16 | 16 | 103 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|||||||||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) from continuing operations |
66 | 61 | 75 | (55 | ) | | 147 | | 34 | 34 | 181 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax expense (benefit) |
| | | | | | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Net income (loss) |
$ | 66 | $ | 61 | $ | 75 | $ | (55 | ) | $ | | $ | 147 | $ | | $ | 34 | $ | 34 | $ | 181 | |||||||||||||||||||
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(1) | The eliminations in servicing revenue and direct operating expense represent the elimination of intercompany servicing revenue where the Business Services segment performs the loan servicing function for the FFELP Loans segment. |
(2) | Core Earnings adjustments to GAAP: |
Three Months Ended March 31, 2016 | ||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
Net Impact from Spin-Off of SLM BankCo |
Net Impact of Derivative Accounting |
Net Impact of Acquired Intangibles |
Total | ||||||||||||
Net interest income after provisions for loan losses |
$ | | $ | 70 | $ | | $ | 70 | ||||||||
Total other income (loss) |
| (16 | ) | | (16 | ) | ||||||||||
Operating expenses |
| | | | ||||||||||||
Goodwill and acquired intangible asset impairment and amortization |
| | 4 | 4 | ||||||||||||
Restructuring and other reorganization expenses |
| | | | ||||||||||||
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|||||||||
Total Core Earnings adjustments to GAAP |
$ | | $ | 54 | $ | (4 | ) | 50 | ||||||||
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Income tax expense |
16 | |||||||||||||||
|
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|||||||||||||||
Net income |
$ | 34 | ||||||||||||||
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(3) | Income taxes are based on a percentage of net income before tax for the individual reportable segment. |
33
NAVIENT CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
11. | Segment Reporting (Continued) |
Three Months Ended March 31, 2015 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
FFELP Loans |
Private Education Loans |
Business Services |
Other | Eliminations(1) | Total Core Earnings |
Adjustments | Total GAAP |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Reclassifications | Additions/ (Subtractions) |
Total Adjustments(2) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest income: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Education loans |
$ | 534 | $ | 456 | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | 990 | $ | 162 | $ | (59 | ) | $ | 103 | $ | 1,093 | |||||||||||||||||||
Other loans |
| | | 2 | | 2 | | | | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash and investments |
1 | | | 1 | | 2 | | | | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|||||||||||||||||||||
Total interest income |
535 | 456 | | 3 | | 994 | 162 | (59 | ) | 103 | 1,097 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total interest expense |
302 | 173 | | 30 | | 505 | 9 | | 9 | 514 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|||||||||||||||||||||
Net interest income (loss) |
233 | 283 | | (27 | ) | | 489 | 153 | (59 | ) | 94 | 583 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Less: provisions for loan losses |
5 | 120 | | | | 125 | | | | 125 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|||||||||||||||||||||
Net interest income (loss) after provisions for loan losses |
228 | 163 | | (27 | ) | | 364 | 153 | (59 | ) | 94 | 458 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other income (loss): |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Servicing revenue |
18 | 7 | 163 | | (111 | ) | 77 | | | | 77 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Asset recovery and business processing revenue |
| | 89 | | | 89 | | | | 89 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other income (loss) |
| | 2 | 4 | | 6 | (153 | ) | 225 | 72 | 78 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gains on sales of loans and investments |
5 | | | | | 5 | | | | 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gains on debt repurchases |
| | | | | | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|||||||||||||||||||||
Total other income (loss) |
23 | 7 | 254 | 4 | (111 | ) | 177 | (153 | ) | 225 | 72 | 249 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Expenses: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Direct operating expenses |
115 | 46 | 116 | 4 | (111 | ) | 170 | | | | 170 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Overhead expenses |
| | | 60 | | 60 | | | | 60 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|||||||||||||||||||||
Operating expenses |
115 | 46 | 116 | 64 | (111 | ) | 230 | | | | 230 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Goodwill and acquired intangible asset impairment and amortization |
| | | | | | | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Restructuring and other reorganization expenses |
| | | | | | | 3 | 3 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|||||||||||||||||||||
Total expenses |
115 | 46 | 116 | 64 | (111 | ) | 230 | | 4 | 4 | 234 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Income (loss) from continuing operations, before income tax expense (benefit) |
136 | 124 | 138 | (87 | ) | | 311 | | 162 | 162 | 473 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Income tax expense (benefit)(3) |
51 | 47 | 52 | (33 | ) | | 117 | | 64 | 64 | 181 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) from continuing operations |
$ | 85 | $ | 77 | $ | 86 | $ | (54 | ) | $ | | $ | 194 | $ | | $ | 98 | $ | 98 | $ | 292 | |||||||||||||||||||
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax expense (benefit) |
| | | | | | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|||||||||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) |
$ | 85 | $ | 77 | $ | 86 | $ | (54 | ) | $ | | $ | 194 | $ | | $ | 98 | $ | 98 | $ | 292 | |||||||||||||||||||
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(1) | The eliminations in servicing revenue and direct operating expense represent the elimination of intercompany servicing revenue where the Business Services segment performs the loan servicing function for the FFELP Loans segment. |
(2) | Core Earnings adjustments to GAAP: |
Three Months Ended March 31, 2015 | ||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
Net Impact from Spin-Off of SLM BankCo |
Net Impact of Derivative Accounting |
Net Impact of Acquired Intangibles |
Total | ||||||||||||
Net interest income after provisions for loan losses |
$ | | $ | 94 | $ | | $ | 94 | ||||||||
Total other income (loss) |
| 72 | | 72 | ||||||||||||
Operating expenses |
| | | | ||||||||||||
Goodwill and acquired intangible asset impairment and amortization |
| | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||||
Restructuring and other reorganization expenses |
3 | | | 3 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Total Core Earnings adjustments to GAAP |
$ | (3 | ) | $ | 166 | $ | (1 | ) | 162 | |||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Income tax expense |
64 | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|||||||||||||||
Net income |
$ | 98 | ||||||||||||||
|
|
(3) | Income taxes are based on a percentage of net income before tax for the individual reportable segment. |
34
NAVIENT CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
11. | Segment Reporting (Continued) |
Summary of Core Earnings Adjustments to GAAP
Three Months Ended March 31, |
||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
2016 | 2015 | ||||||
Core Earnings adjustments to GAAP: |
||||||||
Net impact of the removal of SLM BankCos operations and restructuring and reorganization expense in connection with the Spin-Off(1) |
$ | | $ | (3 | ) | |||
Net impact of derivative accounting(2) |
54 | 166 | ||||||
Net impact of goodwill and acquired intangibles assets(3) |
(4 | ) | (1 | ) | ||||
Net tax effect(4) |
(16 | ) | (64 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total Core Earnings adjustments to GAAP |
$ | 34 | $ | 98 | ||||
|
|
|
|
(1) | SLM BankCos operations and restructuring and reorganization expense in connection with the Spin-Off: For Core Earnings, we have assumed the consumer banking business (SLM BankCo) was never a part of Navients historical results prior to the deemed distribution of SLM BankCo on April 30, 2014 and we have removed the restructuring and other reorganization expense incurred in connection with the Spin-Off, including the restructuring expenses related to the restructuring initiative launched in second-quarter 2015 to simplify and streamline the Companys management structure post-Spin-Off. Excluding these items provides management with a useful basis from which to better evaluate results from ongoing operations against results from prior periods. The adjustment relates to the exclusion of the consumer banking business and represents the operations, assets, liabilities and equity of SLM BankCo, which is comprised of Sallie Mae Bank, Upromise Rewards, the Insurance Business, and the Private Education Loan origination functions. Included in these amounts are also certain general corporate overhead expenses related to the consumer banking business. General corporate overhead consists of costs primarily associated with accounting, finance, legal, human resources, certain information technology costs, stock compensation, and executive management and the board of directors. These costs were generally allocated to the consumer banking business based on the proportionate level of effort provided to the consumer banking business relative to SLM Corporation using a relevant allocation driver (e.g., in proportion to the number of employees by function that were being transferred to SLM BankCo as opposed to remaining at Navient). All intercompany transactions between SLM BankCo and Navient have been eliminated. In addition, all preferred stock dividends have been removed as SLM BankCo succeeded SLM Corporation as the issuer of the preferred stock in connection with the Spin-Off. The restructuring and other reorganization expense incurred in connection with the Spin-Off includes the restructuring expenses related to the restructuring initiative launched in second-quarter 2015 to simplify and streamline the Companys management structure post-Spin-Off. |
(2) | Derivative accounting: Core Earnings exclude periodic unrealized gains and losses that are caused by the mark-to-market valuations on derivatives that do not qualify for hedge accounting treatment under GAAP as well as the periodic unrealized gains and losses that are a result of ineffectiveness recognized related to effective hedges under GAAP. These unrealized gains and losses occur in our FFELP Loans, Private Education Loans and Other business segments. Under GAAP, for our derivatives that are held to maturity, the cumulative net unrealized gain or loss over the life of the contract will equal $0 except for Floor Income Contracts where the cumulative unrealized gain will equal the amount for which we sold the contract. In our Core Earnings presentation, we recognize the economic effect of these hedges, which generally results in any net settlement cash paid or received being recognized ratably as an interest expense or revenue over the hedged items life. |
(3) | Goodwill and acquired intangible assets: Our Core Earnings exclude goodwill and intangible asset impairment and amortization of acquired intangible assets. |
(4) | Net tax effect: Such tax effect is based upon our Core Earnings effective tax rate for the year. |
35
Item 2. | Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations |
This report contains forward-looking statements and other information that is based on managements current expectations as of the date of this report. Statements that are not historical facts, including statements about our beliefs, opinions, or expectations and statements that assume or are dependent upon future events, are forward-looking statements and often contain words such as expect, anticipate, intend, plan, believe, seek, see, will, would, or target. Forward-looking statements are subject to risks, uncertainties, assumptions and other factors that may cause actual results to be materially different from those reflected in such forward-looking statements.
For us, these factors include, among others, the risks and uncertainties associated with:
| increases in financing costs; |
| the availability of financing; |
| limits on liquidity resulting from disruptions in the capital markets or other factors; |
| unanticipated increases in costs associated with compliance with laws and regulations; |
| changes in the marketplaces in which we compete (including changes in demand or changes resulting from new laws and regulations); |
| changes in accounting standards pertaining to loan loss reserves and estimates or other accounting standards that may impact our operations; |
| adverse outcomes in any significant litigation to which we are a party; |
| credit risk associated with our exposure to third parties, including counterparties to hedging or other derivative transactions; and |
| changes in the terms of education loans and the educational credit marketplace (including changes resulting from new laws and the implementation of existing laws). |
We could also be affected by, among other things:
| unanticipated deferrals in our FFELP securitization trusts that would delay repayment of the bonds beyond their legal final maturity date; |
| reductions to our credit ratings, the credit ratings of asset-backed securitizations we sponsor or the credit ratings of the United States of America; |
| failures of our operating systems or infrastructure, or those of third-party vendors; |
| risks related to cybersecurity including the potential disruption of our systems or potential disclosure of confidential customer information; |
| damage to our reputation resulting from the politicization of student loan servicing; |
| failures to successfully implement cost-cutting initiatives and adverse effects of such initiatives on our business; |
| delays or errors in converting portfolio acquisitions to our servicing platform; |
| risks associated with restructuring initiatives; |
| changes in law and regulations with respect to the student lending business and financial institutions generally; |
| increased competition from banks and other consumer lenders who are not subject to the same level of regulation; |
| the creditworthiness of our customers; |
36
| changes in the general interest rate environment, including the relationship between the relevant money-market index rate and the rate at which our assets are priced; |
| our ability to successfully effectuate any acquisitions and other strategic initiatives; |
| changes in the demand for debt management services; |
| changes in general economic conditions; and |
| the other factors that are described in the Risk Factors section of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 (the 2015 Form 10-K) and in our other reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). |
The preparation of our consolidated financial statements also requires management to make certain estimates and assumptions including estimates and assumptions about future events. These estimates or assumptions may prove to be incorrect and actual results could differ materially. All forward-looking statements contained in this report are qualified by these cautionary statements and are made only as of the date of this document. We do not undertake any obligation to update or revise these forward-looking statements except as required by law.
Definitions for certain capitalized terms used but not otherwise defined in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q can be found in the Glossary section of our 2015 Form 10-K.
Through this discussion and analysis, we intend to provide the reader with some narrative context for how our management views our consolidated financial statements, additional context within which to assess our operating results, and information on the quality and variability of our earnings, liquidity and cash flows.
Navients Business
Navient is the nations leading loan management, servicing and asset recovery company, committed to helping customers navigate the path to financial success. Servicing more than $300 billion in education loans, Navient supports the educational and economic achievements of more than 12 million customers. A growing number of public and private sector clients rely on Navient for proven solutions to meet their financial goals. Navient began trading on NASDAQ as an independent company on May 1, 2014. Our website is navient.com. Information contained or referenced on our website is not incorporated by reference into and does not form a part of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
Navient holds the largest portfolio of education loans insured or guaranteed under the Federal Family Education Loan Program (FFELP), as well as the largest portfolio of Private Education Loans. FFELP Loans are insured or guaranteed by state or not-for-profit agencies based on guaranty agreements among the United States Department of Education (ED) and these agencies. Private Education Loans are education loans to students or their families that bear the full credit risk of the customer and any cosigner. Private Education Loans are made primarily to bridge the gap between the cost of higher education and the amount funded through financial aid, federal loans or students and families resources.
Navient services its own portfolio of education loans, as well as education loans owned by banks, credit unions, other financial institutions, non-profit education lenders and ED. Navient is one of four Title IV Additional Servicers (TIVAS) to ED under its Direct Student Loan Program (DSLP). Navient also provides asset recovery services on its own portfolio (consisting of both education loans and other asset classes), and on behalf of guaranty agencies, higher education institutions, and federal, state, court and municipal clients. In addition, we provide business processing services on behalf of municipalities, public authorities and hospitals.
As of March 31, 2016, Navients principal assets consisted of:
| $95.0 billion in FFELP Loans, with a net interest margin of 0.81 percent for the quarter ended March 31, 2016 on a Core Earnings basis and a weighted average life of 7.2 years; |
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| $25.5 billion in Private Education Loans, with a net interest margin of 3.56 percent for the quarter ended March 31, 2016 on a Core Earnings basis and a weighted average life of 6.9 years; |
| a leading education loan servicing platform that services loans for more than 12 million DSLP Loan, FFELP Loan and Private Education Loan customers (including cosigners), including 6.3 million customer accounts serviced under Navients contract with ED; and |
| a leading asset recovery and business processing platform where we currently provide services for over 1,000 public and private sector clients. |
Strengths and Opportunities
Navient possesses a number of competitive advantages that distinguish it from its competitors, including:
Large, high quality asset base generating significant and predictable cash flows. At March 31, 2016, Navients $120.6 billion education loan portfolio is 74 percent funded to term and is expected to produce consistent and predictable cash flows over the remaining life of the portfolio. Navients $95.0 billion portfolio of FFELP Loans bears a maximum 3 percent loss exposure due to the federal guaranty. Navients $25.5 billion portfolio of Private Education Loans bears the full credit risk of the borrower and any cosigner. Navient expects that cash flows from its FFELP Loan and Private Education Loan portfolios will significantly exceed future debt service obligations.
Efficient and large scale operating platforms. Navient is the largest servicer of education loans, servicing over $300 billion in education loans for more than 12 million customers. Navients inventory of contingent asset recovery receivables is $19.2 billion as of March 31, 2016 and provides services to over 1,000 public and private sector clients. Navient has demonstrated scalable infrastructure with capacity to add volume at a low cost. Navients premier market share and tested infrastructure make it well-positioned to expand its businesses to additional clients and asset types.
Superior performance. Navient has demonstrated superior default prevention performance and industry leading asset recovery services. The combined portfolio of federal loans serviced by Navient experienced a Cohort Default Rate (CDR) of 8 percent, which is 38 percent lower than their peers, as calculated from the most recent CDR released by ED in September 2015. We are consistently a top performer in our asset recovery business and deliver superior service to our public and private sector clients.
Commitment to compliance and customer centricity. Navient fosters a robust compliance culture driven by a customer first approach. We invest in rigorous training programs, internal and external auditing, escalated service tracking and analysis, and customer research to enhance our compliance and customer service.
Strong capital return. As a result of our significant cash flow and capital generation, Navient expects to return excess capital to stockholders through dividends and share repurchases. In December 2014, Navients board of directors authorized $1 billion to be utilized in a new common share repurchase program effective January 1, 2015, and in December 2015, our board authorized an additional $700 million for common share repurchases. Navient increased its quarterly dividend amount from $0.15 per share to $0.16 per share effective for its first-quarter 2015 dividends. For the quarter ended March 31, 2016, we paid $54 million in dividends on shares of our common stock and repurchased $200 million of shares of our common stock. As of March 31, 2016, the remaining common share repurchase authority was $555 million.
Meaningful growth opportunities. Navient will pursue opportunistic acquisitions of FFELP and Private Education Loan portfolios. During the quarter ended March 31, 2016, Navient acquired $1.5 billion of education loans. Navient will also pursue additional third-party servicing, asset recovery and business processing contracts. In February 2015, Navient completed the acquisition of Gila LLC (commonly known as Municipal Services Bureau, or MSB), an asset recovery and business processing firm. The firm provides receivables management services and account processing solutions for state governments, agencies, court systems and municipalities. In
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October 2015, Navient completed the acquisition of Xtend Healthcare, a health care revenue cycle management company. The firm provides health insurance claims billing and account resolution, as well as patient billing and customer service. The acquisition leverages Navients asset recovery and business processing capabilities into the health care payments sector. Navient intends to leverage its large-scale operating platforms, superior default prevention and asset recovery performance, operating efficiency and regulatory compliance and risk management infrastructure in growing these businesses and in pursuing other growth opportunities.
Navients Approach to Helping Education Loan Borrowers Achieve Success
Navient services loans for more than 12 million DSLP Loan, FFELP Loan and Private Education Loan customers, including 6.3 million customers whose accounts are serviced under Navients contract with ED. We help our customers navigate the path to financial success through proactive outreach and emphasis on identifying the payment plan that best fits their individual budgets and financial goals.
We understand managing repayment of education loans is critical for students to achieve their educational goals, recognize their full earning potential and develop a strong credit profile.
In our experience, customer success means making steady progress toward repayment, instead of falling behind on or putting off payments. This experience has taught us that the transition from school to full repayment requires customer contact and counseling. For many customers, education loans are their first borrowing experience. For new graduates, salaries grow over time, typically making payments easier to handle as their career progresses. It is also not uncommon for some borrowers to seek payment deferments if they return to school or encounter temporary interruptions in earnings.
To help customers manage these realities, Navient makes customer success and default prevention top priorities. We customize our outreach using data-driven approaches that draw from our more than 40 years of experience in helping customers successfully manage their loans. As a result, our customers experience higher rates of repayment success as evidenced by lower delinquencies and defaults.
We have been a partner in EDs campaign to inform federal education loan customers about various income-driven repayment (IDR) plans, and have played a leadership role in helping customers understand their options so they can make an informed choice. We promote awareness of federal repayment plan options through more than 170 million communications annually, including mail, email, phone calls, videos, and text messages. At the end of 2015, nearly one in five federal borrowers and more than one-third of dollar volume serviced by Navient (excluding Parent PLUS loans that are not eligible for IDR) were enrolled in an IDR plan.
We also find that customers who have fallen behind benefit from our outreach and assistance. In fact, nine times out of ten when we can reach federal loan customers who have missed payments, we can identify a solution to help them avoid default.
For those who need it, Navient launched its highly successful private loan modification program in 2009. As of March 31, 2016, $2.7 billion of our Private Education Loans were enrolled in the interest rate reduction component of our modification program, helping customers have a more affordable monthly payment while making progress in repaying the principal loan balance. Approximately 81 percent of enrolled borrowers successfully complete the program.
As of December 31, 2015, Navients total delinquency rates were at the lowest year-ending levels for both FFELP and Private Education Loans since 2005.
We continually make enhancements designed to help our customers, drawing from a variety of inputs including customer surveys, analysis of customer inquiries and complaint data, regulator commentary, and website activity. For example, in 2015, we launched a new customer website making it easier for customers to manage their loans. In addition, beginning in 2015, customers who need to renew their income-driven repayment plans have access to the services of a specially trained group of service representatives to assist them. We also established customer and employee research panels to gather real-time feedback to inform enhancements underway.
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Our Office of the Customer Advocate, established in 1997, offers escalated assistance to customers who need it. We are committed to working with customers and appreciate customer comments, which, combined with our own customer communication channels, help us improve the ways we assist our customers.
Navient takes seriously its commitment to serve military customers and has developed what it believes is a best-in-class approach to assist them. Navient was the first student loan servicer to launch a dedicated military benefits customer service team, and was also the first student loan servicer to launch a dedicated military benefits website, Navient.com/military, and a toll-free number dedicated to military customers. Navients military benefits team offers a single point of contact for all calls from service members and their families to help them access the benefits designed for them, including interest rate benefits, deferment and other options.
We also continue to offer free resources to help customers and the general public build knowledge on personal finance topics. In 2015, for example, we released the top habits of successful student loan borrowers and added online resources to encourage financial literacy including such topics as military financial education, income-driven repayment plans, and budgeting. We also launched a signature national research study, Money Under 35, to study and promote financial wellness among Americans ages 22 to 35.
Selected Historical Financial Information and Ratios
Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||
(In millions, except per share data) |
2016 | 2015 | ||||||
GAAP Basis |
||||||||
Net income attributable to Navient Corporation |
$ | 181 | $ | 292 | ||||
Diluted earnings per common share attributable to Navient Corporation |
$ | .53 | $ | .72 | ||||
Weighted average shares used to compute diluted earnings per common share |
343 | 405 | ||||||
Net interest margin, FFELP Loans |
1.12 | % | 1.25 | % | ||||
Net interest margin, Private Education Loans |
3.49 | % | 3.71 | % | ||||
Return on assets |
.57 | % | .85 | % | ||||
Ending FFELP Loans, net |
$ | 95,018 | $ | 102,424 | ||||
Ending Private Education Loans, net |
25,547 | 28,990 | ||||||
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Ending total education loans, net |
$ | 120,565 | $ | 131,414 | ||||
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Average FFELP Loans |
$ | 95,721 | $ | 103,617 | ||||
Average Private Education Loans |
26,577 | 30,105 | ||||||
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Average total education loans |
$ | 122,298 | $ | 133,722 | ||||
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Core Earnings Basis(1) |
||||||||
Net income attributable to Navient Corporation |
$ | 147 | $ | 194 | ||||
Diluted earnings per common share attributable to Navient Corporation |
$ | .43 | $ | .48 | ||||
Weighted average shares used to compute diluted earnings per common share |
343 | 405 | ||||||
Net interest margin, FFELP Loans |
.81 | % | .88 | % | ||||
Net interest margin, Private Education Loans |
3.56 | % | 3.74 | % | ||||
Return on assets |
.46 | % | .56 | % | ||||
Ending FFELP Loans, net |
$ | 95,018 | $ | 102,424 | ||||
Ending Private Education Loans, net |
25,547 | 28,990 | ||||||
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Ending total education loans, net |
$ | 120,565 | $ | 131,414 | ||||
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Average FFELP Loans |
$ | 95,721 | $ | 103,617 | ||||
Average Private Education Loans |
26,577 | 30,105 | ||||||
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Average total education loans |
$ | 122,298 | $ | 133,722 | ||||
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(1) | Core Earnings are non-GAAP financial measures and do not represent a comprehensive basis of accounting. For a more detailed explanation of Core Earnings, see the section titled Core Earnings Definition and Limitations and subsequent sections. |
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Overview
The following discussion and analysis presents a review of our business and operations as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2016.
We monitor and assess our ongoing operations and results based on the following four reportable segments: (1) FFELP Loans (2) Private Education Loans, (3) Business Services and (4) Other.
FFELP Loans Segment
In the FFELP Loans segment, we acquire and finance FFELP Loans. Even though FFELP Loans are no longer originated due to changes in federal law that took effect in 2010, we continue to pursue acquisitions of FFELP Loan portfolios that leverage our servicing scale to generate incremental earnings and cash flow. In this segment, we primarily earn net interest income on the FFELP Loan portfolio (after provision for loan losses). This segment is expected to generate significant amounts of earnings and cash flow as the portfolio amortizes.
Private Education Loans Segment
In this segment, we acquire, finance and service our Private Education Loans. Even though we no longer originate Private Education Loans, we continue to pursue acquisitions of Private Education Loan portfolios that leverage our servicing scale to generate incremental earnings and cash flow. In this segment, we primarily earn net interest income on the Private Education Loan portfolio (after provision for loan losses). This segment is expected to generate significant amounts of earnings and cash flow as the portfolio amortizes.
Business Services Segment
Our Business Services segment generates revenue from servicing, asset recovery and business processing activities. Within this segment, we primarily generate revenue from servicing our FFELP Loan portfolio as well as servicing education loans for Guarantors of FFELP Loans and other institutions, including ED. We provide asset recovery services for loans and receivables on behalf of Guarantors of FFELP Loans, higher education institutions and federal, state, court and municipal clients. In addition, we provide business processing services on behalf of municipalities, public authorities and hospitals.
Other
Our Other segment primarily consists of activities of our holding company, including the repurchase of debt, our corporate liquidity portfolio, unallocated overhead and regulatory-related costs. We also include results from certain smaller wind-down operations within this segment.
Key Financial Measures
Our operating results are primarily driven by net interest income from our education loan portfolios, provisions for loan losses, the revenues and expenses generated by our servicing and asset recovery businesses, and gains and losses on loan sales and debt repurchases. We manage and assess the performance of each business segment separately as each is focused on different customers and each derives its revenue from different activities and services. A brief summary of our key financial measures (net interest income; provisions for loan losses; charge-offs and delinquencies; servicing, asset recovery and business processing revenues; other income (loss); and operating expenses) can be found in Item 7. Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in our 2015 Form 10-K.
First-Quarter 2016 Summary of Results
We report financial results on a GAAP basis and also present certain Core Earnings performance measures. Our management, equity investors, credit rating agencies and debt capital providers use these Core
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Earnings measures to monitor our business performance. See Core Earnings Definition and Limitations for a further discussion and a complete reconciliation between GAAP net income and Core Earnings.
First-quarter 2016 GAAP net income was $181 million ($0.53 diluted earnings per share), versus net income of $292 million ($0.72 diluted earnings per share) in the first-quarter 2015. The changes in GAAP net income are impacted by the same Core Earnings items discussed below, as well as changes in net income attributable to (1) restructuring and reorganization expense incurred in connection with the Spin-Off of Navient from SLM Corporation on April 30, 2014, including the restructuring expenses related to the restructuring initiative launched in second-quarter 2015 to simplify and streamline the Companys management structure post-Spin-Off, (2) unrealized, mark-to-market gains/losses on derivatives and (3) goodwill and acquired intangible asset amortization and impairment. These items are recognized in GAAP but have not been included in Core Earnings results. First-quarter 2016 GAAP results included gains of $54 million from derivative accounting treatment that are excluded from Core Earnings results, compared with gains of $166 million in the year-ago period. See Core Earnings Definition and Limitations Differences between Core Earnings and GAAP for a complete reconciliation between GAAP net income and Core Earnings.
Core Earnings for the quarter were $147 million ($0.43 diluted earnings per share), compared with $194 million ($0.48 diluted earnings per share) for the year-ago quarter. The decrease is primarily the result of a $73 million reduction in net interest income. Excluding expenses associated with regulatory-related costs, first-quarter 2016 and 2015 diluted Core Earnings per share were $0.44 and $0.48, respectively. First-quarter 2016 operating expenses included $4 million ($0.01 diluted earnings per share) of regulatory-related costs. There were no regulatory-related costs in the first quarter of 2015.
During the first three months of 2016, we:
| acquired $1.5 billion of education loans; |
| issued $1.1 billion of FFELP asset-backed securities (ABS) and $488 million of Private Education Loan ABS; |
| increased our FFELP asset-backed commercial paper facility from $7.0 billion to $7.5 billion and extended its maturity date from March 2017 to March 2018; |
| retired or repurchased $1.0 billion of our senior unsecured debt; |
| repurchased 19.2 million common shares for $200 million on the open market; and |
| paid $54 million in common dividends. |
Results of Operations
We present the results of operations below first on a consolidated basis in accordance with GAAP. Following our discussion of consolidated earnings results on a GAAP basis, we present our results on a segment basis. We have four business segments: FFELP Loans, Private Education Loans, Business Services and Other. Since these segments operate in distinct business environments and we manage and evaluate the financial performance of these segments using non-GAAP financial measures, these segments are presented on a Core Earnings basis (see Core Earnings Definition and Limitations).
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GAAP Statements of Income (Unaudited)
Three Months Ended March 31, |
Increase (Decrease) |
|||||||||||||||
(In millions, except per share data) |
2016 | 2015 | $ | % | ||||||||||||
Interest income: |
||||||||||||||||
FFELP Loans |
$ | 634 | $ | 637 | $ | (3 | ) | | % | |||||||
Private Education Loans |
411 | 456 | (45 | ) | (10 | ) | ||||||||||
Other loans |
1 | 2 | (1 | ) | (50 | ) | ||||||||||
Cash and investments |
5 | 2 | 3 | 150 | ||||||||||||
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Total interest income |
1,051 | 1,097 | (46 | ) | (4 | ) | ||||||||||
Total interest expense |
565 | 514 | 51 | 10 | ||||||||||||
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Net interest income |
486 | 583 | (97 | ) | (17 | ) | ||||||||||
Less: provisions for loan losses |
111 | 125 | (14 | ) | (11 | ) | ||||||||||
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Net interest income after provisions for loan losses |
375 | 458 | (83 | ) | (18 | ) | ||||||||||
Other income (loss): |
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Servicing revenue |
82 | 77 | 5 | 6 | ||||||||||||
Asset recovery and business processing revenue |
90 | 89 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||||
Other income (loss) |
(13 | ) | 7 | (20 | ) | (286 | ) | |||||||||
Gains on sales of loans and investments |
| 5 | (5 | ) | (100 | ) | ||||||||||
Gains on debt repurchases |
| | | | ||||||||||||
Gains (losses) on derivative and hedging activities, net |
1 | 71 | (70 | ) | (99 | ) | ||||||||||
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Total other income |
160 | 249 | (89 | ) | (36 | ) | ||||||||||
Expenses: |
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Operating expenses |
247 | 230 | 17 | 7 | ||||||||||||
Goodwill and acquired intangible asset impairment and amortization expense |
4 | 1 | 3 | 300 | ||||||||||||
Restructuring and other reorganization expenses |
| 3 | (3 | ) | (100 | ) | ||||||||||
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Total expenses |
251 | 234 | 17 | 7 | ||||||||||||
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Income from continuing operations, before income tax expense |
284 | 473 | (189 | ) | (40 | ) | ||||||||||
Income tax expense |
103 | 181 | (78 | ) | (43 | ) | ||||||||||
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Net income from continuing operations |
181 | 292 | (111 | ) | (38 | ) | ||||||||||
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax expense |
| | | | ||||||||||||
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Net income |
181 | 292 | (111 | ) | (38 | ) | ||||||||||
Less: net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest |
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Net income attributable to Navient Corporation |
$ | 181 | $ | 292 | $ | (111 | ) | (38 | )% | |||||||
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Basic earnings per common share attributable to Navient Corporation |
$ | .53 | $ | .73 | $ | (.20 | ) | (27 | )% | |||||||
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Diluted earnings per common share attributable to Navient Corporation |
$ | .53 | $ | .72 | $ | (.19 | ) | (26 | )% | |||||||
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Dividends per common share attributable to Navient Corporation |
$ | .16 | $ | .16 | $ | | | % | ||||||||
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Consolidated Earnings Summary GAAP-basis
Three Months Ended March 31, 2016 Compared with Three Months Ended March 31, 2015
For the three months ended March 31, 2016, net income was $181 million, or $0.53 diluted earnings per common share, compared with net income of $292 million, or $0.72 diluted earnings per common share, for the three months ended March 31, 2015. The decrease in net income was primarily due to a $97 million decrease in net interest income, a $70 million decrease in net gains on derivative and hedging activities, a $20 million decrease in other income and a $17 million increase in operating expenses. This was partially offset by a $14 million decrease in the provision for loan losses, a $6 million increase in servicing, asset recovery and business processing revenue, and a $3 million decrease in restructuring and other reorganization expenses.
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The primary contributors to each of the identified drivers of changes in net income for the current quarter compared with the year-ago quarter are as follows:
| Net interest income decreased by $97 million, as a result of a decline in the loan balance and net interest margin. |
| Provisions for loan losses decreased $14 million primarily as a result of the overall improvement in Private Education Loans credit quality, delinquency and charge-off trends leading to decreases in expected future charge-offs. |
| Servicing revenue increased by $5 million primarily due to an increase in the number of accounts serviced for ED. |
| Asset recovery and business processing revenue increased $1 million. This increase was primarily due to additional revenue from Gila LLC (acquired in February 2015) and from Xtend Healthcare (acquired in October 2015), which was offset by a reduction in revenue related to a legislative reduction in certain education loan-related fees earned as well as a decrease in education loan-related asset recovery volume. |
| Other income decreased $20 million primarily due to a reduction in foreign currency translation gains. The foreign currency translation gains relate to a portion of our foreign currency denominated debt that does not receive hedge accounting treatment. These gains were partially offset by the gains (losses) on derivative and hedging activities, net line item on the income statement related to the derivatives used to economically hedge these debt instruments. |
| Net gains on derivative and hedging activities decreased $70 million. The primary factors affecting the change were interest rate and foreign currency fluctuations, which primarily affected the valuations of our Floor Income Contracts, basis swaps and foreign currency hedges during each period. Valuations of derivative instruments fluctuate based upon many factors including changes in interest rates, credit risk, foreign currency fluctuations and other market factors. As a result, net gains and losses on derivative and hedging activities may continue to vary significantly in future periods. |
| First-quarter 2016 expenses included regulatory-related costs of $4 million. There were no regulatory-related costs in the first quarter of 2015. Excluding these regulatory-related costs, first-quarter 2016 operating expenses were $243 million, a $13 million increase from the year-ago quarter. This increase was due to an increase in operating costs related to Gila LLC (acquired in February 2015) and to Xtend Healthcare (acquired in October 2015). Excluding these acquisitions, operating expenses would have decreased 6 percent as a result of a general reduction in costs related to the implementation of various operating cost initiatives, including the successful conversion of loans to our servicing system in the third quarter of 2015 related to $8.5 billion of FFELP loans acquired in the fourth quarter of 2014. |
| Restructuring and other reorganization expenses decreased from $3 million in the year-ago quarter to $0 million. The year-ago quarters expenses were primarily related to third-party costs incurred in connection with the Spin-Off. |
We repurchased 19.2 million and 14.7 million shares of our common stock during the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively, as part of our common share repurchase programs. Primarily as a result of ongoing common share repurchases, our average outstanding diluted shares decreased by 62 million common shares from the year-ago quarter.
Core Earnings Definition and Limitations
We prepare financial statements and present financial results in accordance with GAAP. However, we also evaluate our business segments and present financial results on a basis that differs from GAAP. We refer to this different basis of presentation as Core Earnings. We provide this Core Earnings basis of presentation on a consolidated basis for each business segment because this is what we review internally when making management decisions regarding our performance and how we allocate resources. We also refer to this
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information in our presentations with credit rating agencies, lenders and investors. Because our Core Earnings basis of presentation corresponds to our segment financial presentations, we are required by GAAP to provide Core Earnings disclosure in the notes to our consolidated financial statements for our business segments.
Core Earnings are not a substitute for reported results under GAAP. We use Core Earnings to manage each business segment because Core Earnings reflect adjustments to GAAP financial results for three items, discussed below, that are either related to the Spin-Off or create significant volatility mostly due to timing factors generally beyond the control of management. Accordingly, we believe that Core Earnings provide management with a useful basis from which to better evaluate results from ongoing operations against the business plan or against results from prior periods. Consequently, we disclose this information because we believe it provides investors with additional information regarding the operational and performance indicators that are most closely assessed by management. When compared to GAAP results, the three items we remove to result in our Core Earnings presentations are:
1. | The financial results attributable to the operations of SLM BankCo prior to the Spin-Off and related restructuring and reorganization expense incurred in connection with the Spin-Off, including the restructuring expenses related to the restructuring initiative launched in second-quarter 2015 to simplify and streamline the Companys management structure post-Spin-Off. For GAAP purposes, Navient reflected the deemed distribution of SLM BankCo on April 30, 2014. For Core Earnings, we exclude the consumer banking business as if it had never been a part of Navients historical results prior to the deemed distribution of SLM BankCo on April 30, 2014; |
2. | Unrealized mark-to-market gains/losses resulting from our use of derivative instruments to hedge our economic risks that do not qualify for hedge accounting treatment or do qualify for hedge accounting treatment but result in ineffectiveness; and |
3. | The accounting for goodwill and acquired intangible assets. |
While GAAP provides a uniform, comprehensive basis of accounting, for the reasons described above, our Core Earnings basis of presentation does not. Core Earnings are subject to certain general and specific limitations that investors should carefully consider. For example, there is no comprehensive, authoritative guidance for management reporting. Our Core Earnings are not defined terms within GAAP and may not be comparable to similarly titled measures reported by other companies. Accordingly, our Core Earnings presentation does not represent a comprehensive basis of accounting. Investors, therefore, may not be able to compare our performance with that of other financial services companies based upon Core Earnings. Core Earnings results are only meant to supplement GAAP results by providing additional information regarding the operational and performance indicators that are most closely used by management, our board of directors, credit rating agencies, lenders and investors to assess performance.
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The following tables show Core Earnings for each business segment and our business as a whole along with the adjustments made to the income/expense items to reconcile the amounts to our reported GAAP results as required by GAAP and reported in Note 11 Segment Reporting.
Three Months Ended March 31, 2016 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
FFELP Loans |
Private Education Loans |
Business Services |
Other | Eliminations(1) | Total Core Earnings |
Adjustments | Total GAAP |
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Reclassifications | Additions/ (Subtractions) |
Total Adjustments(2) |
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Interest income: |
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Education loans |
$ | 555 | $ | 411 | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | 966 | $ | 138 | $ | (59 | ) | $ | 79 | $ | 1,045 | |||||||||||||||||||
Other loans |
| | | 1 | | 1 | | | | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash and investments |
3 | 1 | | 1 | | 5 | | | | 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Total interest income |
558 | 412 | | 2 | | 972 | 138 | (59 | ) | 79 | 1,051 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total interest expense |
358 | 172 | | 26 | | 556 | 9 | | 9 | 565 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Net interest income (loss) |
200 | 240 | | (24 | ) | | 416 | 129 | (59 | ) | 70 | 486 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Less: provisions for loan losses |
7 | 104 | | | | 111 | | | | 111 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Net interest income (loss) after provisions for loan losses |
193 | 136 | | (24 | ) | | 305 | 129 | (59 | ) | 70 | 375 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other income (loss): |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Servicing revenue |
16 | 4 | 163 | | (101 | ) | 82 | | | | 82 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Asset recovery and business processing revenue |
| | 90 | | | 90 | | | | 90 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other income (loss) |
| | 1 | 3 | | 4 | (129 | ) | 113 | (16 | ) | (12 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gains (losses) on sales of loans and investments |
| | | | | | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gains on debt repurchases |
| | | | | | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Total other income (loss) |
16 | 4 | 254 | 3 | (101 | ) | 176 | (129 | ) | 113 | (16 | ) | 160 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Expenses: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Direct operating expenses |
104 | 43 | 134 | 6 | (101 | ) | 186 | | | | 186 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Overhead expenses |
| | | 61 | | 61 | | | | 61 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Operating expenses |
104 | 43 | 134 | 67 | (101 | ) | 247 | | | | 247 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Goodwill and acquired intangible asset impairment and amortization |
| | | | | | | 4 | 4 | 4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Restructuring and other reorganization expenses |
| | | | | | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Total expenses |
104 | 43 | 134 | 67 | (101 | ) | 247 | | 4 | 4 | 251 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Income (loss) from continuing operations, before income tax expense (benefit) |
105 | 97 | 120 | (88 | ) | | 234 | | 50 | 50 | 284 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Income tax expense (benefit)(3) |
39 | 36 | 45 | (33 | ) | | 87 | | 16 | 16 | 103 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) from continuing operations |
66 | 61 | 75 | (55 | ) | | 147 | | 34 | 34 | 181 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax expense (benefit) |
| | | | | | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) |
$ | 66 | $ | 61 | $ | 75 | $ | (55 | ) | $ | | $ | 147 | $ | | $ | 34 | $ | 34 | $ | 181 | |||||||||||||||||||
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|
|
(1) | The eliminations in servicing revenue and direct operating expense represent the elimination of intercompany servicing revenue where the Business Services segment performs the loan servicing function for the FFELP Loans segment. |
(2) | Core Earnings adjustments to GAAP: |
Three Months Ended March 31, 2016 | ||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
Net Impact from Spin-Off of SLM BankCo |
Net Impact of Derivative Accounting |
Net Impact of Acquired Intangibles |
Total | ||||||||||||
Net interest income after provisions for loan losses |
$ | | $ | 70 | $ | | $ | 70 | ||||||||
Total other income (loss) |
| (16 | ) | | (16 | ) | ||||||||||
Operating expenses |
| | | | ||||||||||||
Goodwill and acquired intangible asset impairment and amortization |
| | 4 | 4 | ||||||||||||
Restructuring and other reorganization expenses |
| | | | ||||||||||||
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Total Core Earnings adjustments to GAAP |
$ | | $ | 54 | $ | (4 | ) | 50 | ||||||||
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|
|
|
|||||||||||
Income tax expense |
16 | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|||||||||||||||
Net income |
$ | 34 | ||||||||||||||
|
|
(3) | Income taxes are based on a percentage of net income before tax for the individual reportable segment. |
46
Three Months Ended March 31, 2015 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
FFELP Loans |
Private Education Loans |
Business Services |
Other | Eliminations(1) | Total Core Earnings |
Adjustments | Total GAAP |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Reclassifications | Additions/ (Subtractions) |
Total Adjustments(2) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest income: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Education loans |
$ | 534 | $ | 456 | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | 990 | $ | 162 | $ | (59 | ) | $ | 103 | $ | 1,093 | |||||||||||||||||||
Other loans |
| | | 2 | | 2 | | | | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash and investments |
1 | | | 1 | | 2 | | | | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Total interest income |
535 | 456 | | 3 | | 994 | 162 | (59 | ) | 103 | 1,097 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total interest expense |
302 | 173 | | 30 | | 505 | 9 | | 9 | 514 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Net interest income (loss) |
233 | 283 | | (27 | ) | | 489 | 153 | (59 | ) | 94 | 583 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Less: provisions for loan losses |
5 | 120 | | | | 125 | | | | 125 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Net interest income (loss) after provisions for loan losses |
228 | 163 | | (27 | ) | | 364 | 153 | (59 | ) | 94 | 458 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other income (loss): |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Servicing revenue |
18 | 7 | 163 | | (111 | ) | 77 | | | | 77 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Asset recovery and business processing revenue |
| | 89 | | | 89 | | | | 89 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other income (loss) |
| | 2 | 4 | | 6 | (153 | ) | 225 | 72 | 78 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gains on sales of loans and investments |
5 | | | | | 5 | | | | 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gains on debt repurchases |
| | | | | | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|
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|
|
|
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|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Total other income (loss) |
23 | 7 | 254 | 4 | (111 | ) | 177 | (153 | ) | 225 | 72 | 249 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Expenses: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Direct operating expenses |
115 | 46 | 116 | 4 | (111 | ) | 170 | | | | 170 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Overhead expenses |
| | | 60 | | 60 | | | | 60 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Operating expenses |
115 | 46 | 116 | 64 | (111 | ) | 230 | | | | 230 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Goodwill and acquired intangible asset impairment and amortization |
| | | | | | | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Restructuring and other reorganization expenses |
| | | | | | | 3 | 3 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Total expenses |
115 | 46 | 116 | 64 | (111 | ) | 230 | | 4 | 4 | 234 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Income (loss) from continuing operations, before income tax expense (benefit) |
136 | 124 | 138 | (87 | ) | | 311 | | 162 | 162 | 473 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Income tax expense (benefit)(3) |
51 | 47 | 52 | (33 | ) | | 117 | | 64 | 64 | 181 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) from continuing operations |
$ | 85 | $ | 77 | $ | 86 | $ | (54 | ) | $ | | $ | 194 | $ | | $ | 98 | $ | 98 | $ | 292 | |||||||||||||||||||
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax expense (benefit) |
| | | | | | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) |
$ | 85 | $ | 77 | $ | 86 | $ | (54 | ) | $ | | $ | 194 | $ | | $ | 98 | $ | 98 | $ | 292 | |||||||||||||||||||
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|
(1) | The eliminations in servicing revenue and direct operating expense represent the elimination of intercompany servicing revenue where the Business Services segment performs the loan servicing function for the FFELP Loans segment. |
(2) | Core Earnings adjustments to GAAP: |
Three Months Ended March 31, 2015 | ||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
Net Impact from Spin-Off of SLM BankCo |
Net Impact of Derivative Accounting |
Net Impact of Acquired Intangibles |
Total | ||||||||||||
Net interest income after provisions for loan losses |
$ | | $ | 94 | $ | | $ | 94 | ||||||||
Total other income (loss) |
| 72 | | 72 | ||||||||||||
Operating expenses |
| | | | ||||||||||||
Goodwill and acquired intangible asset impairment and amortization |
| | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||||
Restructuring and other reorganization expenses |
3 | | | 3 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Total Core Earnings adjustments to GAAP |
$ | (3 | ) | $ | 166 | $ | (1 | ) | 162 | |||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Income tax expense |
64 | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|||||||||||||||
Net income |
$ | 98 | ||||||||||||||
|
|
(3) | Income taxes are based on a percentage of net income before tax for the individual reportable segment. |
47
Differences between Core Earnings and GAAP
The following discussion summarizes the differences between Core Earnings and GAAP net income and details each specific adjustment required to reconcile our Core Earnings segment presentation to our GAAP earnings.
Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
2016 | 2015 | ||||||
Core Earnings net income attributable to Navient Corporation |
$ | 147 | $ | 194 | ||||
Core Earnings adjustments to GAAP: |
||||||||
Net impact of the removal of SLM BankCos operations and restructuring and reorganization expense in connection with the Spin-Off |
| (3 | ) | |||||
Net impact of derivative accounting |
54 | 166 | ||||||
Net impact of goodwill and acquired intangible assets |
(4 | ) | (1 | ) | ||||
Net tax effect |
(16 | ) | (64 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total Core Earnings adjustments to GAAP |
34 | 98 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
GAAP net income attributable to Navient Corporation |
$ | 181 | $ | 292 | ||||
|
|
|
|
1) SLM BankCos operations and restructuring and reorganization expense in connection with the Spin-Off: On April 30, 2014, the Spin-Off of Navient from SLM Corporation was completed and Navient became an independent, publicly-traded company. Due to the relative significance of Navient to SLM Corporation prior to the Spin-Off, among other factors, for financial reporting purposes Navient is treated as the accounting spinnor and therefore is the accounting successor to SLM Corporation as constituted prior to the Spin-Off, notwithstanding the legal form of the Spin-Off. Since Navient is treated for accounting purposes as the accounting spinnor, the GAAP financial statements of Navient reflect the deemed distribution of SLM BankCo to SLM BankCos stockholders on April 30, 2014.
For Core Earnings, we have assumed SLM BankCo was never a part of Navients historical results prior to the deemed distribution of SLM BankCo on April 30, 2014 and we have removed the restructuring and other reorganization expense incurred in connection with the Spin-Off, including the restructuring expenses related to the restructuring initiative launched in second-quarter 2015 to simplify and streamline the Companys management structure post-Spin-Off. Excluding these items provides management with a useful basis from which to better evaluate results from ongoing operations against results from prior periods. The adjustment relates to the exclusion of the consumer banking business and represents the operations, assets, liabilities and equity of SLM BankCo, which is comprised of Sallie Mae Bank, Upromise Rewards, the Insurance Business, and the Private Education Loan origination functions. Included in these amounts are also certain general corporate overhead expenses related to the consumer banking business. General corporate overhead consists of costs primarily associated with accounting, finance, legal, human resources, certain information technology costs, stock compensation, and executive management and the board of directors. These costs were generally allocated to the consumer banking business based on the proportionate level of effort provided to the consumer banking business relative to SLM Corporation using a relevant allocation driver (e.g., in proportion to the number of employees by function that were being transferred to SLM BankCo as opposed to remaining at Navient). All intercompany transactions between SLM BankCo and Navient have been eliminated. In addition, all prior preferred stock dividends have been removed as SLM BankCo succeeded SLM Corporation as the issuer of the preferred stock in connection with the Spin-Off.
48
The restructuring and other reorganization expense incurred in connection with the Spin-Off includes the restructuring expenses related to the restructuring initiative launched in second-quarter 2015 to simplify and streamline the Companys management structure post-Spin-Off.
Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
2016 | 2015 | ||||||
SLM BankCo net income, before income tax expense |
$ | | $ | | ||||
Restructuring and reorganization expense in connection with the Spin-Off |
| (3 | ) | |||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total net impact of SLM BankCo, before income tax expense |
$ | | $ | (3 | ) | |||
|
|
|
|
2) Derivative Accounting: Core Earnings exclude periodic unrealized gains and losses that are caused by the fair value adjustments on derivatives that do not qualify for hedge accounting treatment under GAAP, as well as the periodic unrealized gains and losses that are a result of ineffectiveness recognized related to effective hedges under GAAP. These unrealized gains and losses occur in our FFELP Loans, Private Education Loans and Other business segments. Under GAAP, for our derivatives that are held to maturity, the cumulative net unrealized gain or loss over the life of the contract will equal $0 except for Floor Income Contracts, where the cumulative unrealized gain will equal the amount for which we sold the contract. In our Core Earnings presentation, we recognize the economic effect of these hedges, which generally results in any net settlement cash paid or received being recognized ratably as an interest expense or revenue over the hedged items life.
The accounting for derivatives requires that changes in the fair value of derivative instruments be recognized currently in earnings, with no fair value adjustment of the hedged item, unless specific hedge accounting criteria are met. We believe that our derivatives are effective economic hedges, and as such, are a critical element of our interest rate and foreign currency risk management strategy. However, some of our derivatives, primarily Floor Income Contracts and certain basis swaps, do not qualify for hedge accounting treatment and the stand-alone derivative must be adjusted to fair value in the income statement with no consideration for the corresponding change in fair value of the hedged item. These gains and losses recorded in Gains (losses) on derivative and hedging activities, net are primarily caused by interest rate and foreign currency exchange rate volatility and changing credit spreads during the period as well as the volume and term of derivatives not receiving hedge accounting treatment.
Our Floor Income Contracts are written options that must meet more stringent requirements than other hedging relationships to achieve hedge effectiveness. Specifically, our Floor Income Contracts do not qualify for hedge accounting treatment because the pay down of principal of the education loans underlying the Floor Income embedded in those education loans does not exactly match the change in the notional amount of our written Floor Income Contracts. Additionally, the term, the interest rate index, and the interest rate index reset frequency of the Floor Income Contract can be different than that of the education loans. Under derivative accounting treatment, the upfront contractual payment is deemed a liability and changes in fair value are recorded through income throughout the life of the contract. The change in the fair value of Floor Income Contracts is primarily caused by changing interest rates that cause the amount of Floor Income paid to the counterparties to vary. This is economically offset by the change in the amount of Floor Income earned on the underlying education loans but that offsetting change in fair value is not recognized. We believe the Floor Income Contracts are economic hedges because they effectively fix the amount of Floor Income earned over the contract period, thus eliminating the timing and uncertainty that changes in interest rates can have on Floor Income for that period. Therefore, for purposes of Core Earnings, we have removed the unrealized gains and losses related to these contracts and added back the amortization of the net contractual premiums received on the Floor Income Contracts. The amortization of the net contractual premiums received on the Floor Income Contracts for Core Earnings is reflected in education loan interest income. Under GAAP accounting, the premiums received on the Floor Income Contracts are recorded as revenue in the gains (losses) on derivative and hedging activities, net line item by the end of the contracts lives.
49
Basis swaps are used to convert floating rate debt from one floating interest rate index to another to better match the interest rate characteristics of the assets financed by that debt. We primarily use basis swaps to hedge our education loan assets that are primarily indexed to LIBOR or Prime. The accounting for derivatives requires that when using basis swaps, the change in the cash flows of the hedge effectively offset both the change in the cash flows of the asset and the change in the cash flows of the liability. Our basis swaps hedge variable interest rate risk; however, they generally do not meet this effectiveness test because the index of the swap does not exactly match the index of the hedged assets as required for hedge accounting treatment. Additionally, some of our FFELP Loans can earn at either a variable or a fixed interest rate depending on market interest rates and therefore swaps economically hedging these FFELP Loans do not meet the criteria for hedge accounting treatment. As a result, under GAAP, these swaps are recorded at fair value with changes in fair value reflected currently in the income statement.
The table below quantifies the adjustments for derivative accounting between GAAP and Core Earnings net income.
Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
2016 | 2015 | ||||||
Core Earnings derivative adjustments: |
||||||||
Gains (losses) on derivative and hedging activities, net, included in other income |
$ | 1 | $ | 71 | ||||
Plus: Realized losses on derivative and hedging activities, net(1) |
129 | 153 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Unrealized gains on derivative and hedging activities, net(2) |
130 | 224 | ||||||
Amortization of net premiums on Floor Income Contracts in net interest income for Core Earnings |
(59 | ) | (59 | ) | ||||
Other derivative accounting adjustments(3) |
(17 | ) | 1 | |||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total net impact of derivative accounting(4) |
$ | 54 | $ | 166 | ||||
|
|
|
|
(1) | See the section titled Reclassification of Realized Gains (Losses) on Derivative and Hedging Activities below for a detailed breakdown of the components of realized losses on derivative and hedging activities. |
(2) | Unrealized gains on derivative and hedging activities, net comprises the following unrealized mark-to-market gains (losses): |
Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
2016 | 2015 | ||||||
Floor Income Contracts |
$ | 27 | $ | 72 | ||||
Basis swaps |
12 | | ||||||
Foreign currency hedges |
88 | 145 | ||||||
Other |
3 | 7 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total unrealized gains on derivative and hedging activities, net |
$ | 130 | $ | 224 | ||||
|
|
|
|
(3) | Other derivative accounting adjustments consist of adjustments related to: (1) foreign currency denominated debt that is adjusted to spot foreign exchange rates for GAAP where such adjustment are reversed for Core Earnings and (2) certain terminated derivatives that did not receive hedge accounting treatment under GAAP but were economic hedges under Core Earnings and, as a result, such gains or losses amortized into Core Earnings over the life of the hedged item. |
(4) | Negative amounts are subtracted from Core Earnings net income to arrive at GAAP net income and positive amounts are added to Core Earnings net income to arrive at GAAP net income. |
Reclassification of Realized Gains (Losses) on Derivative and Hedging Activities
Derivative accounting requires net settlement income/expense on derivatives and realized gains/losses related to derivative dispositions (collectively referred to as realized gains (losses) on derivative and hedging activities) that do not qualify as hedges to be recorded in a separate income statement line item below net
50
interest income. Under our Core Earnings presentation, these gains and losses are reclassified to the income statement line item of the economically hedged item. For our Core Earnings net interest margin, this would primarily include: (a) reclassifying the net settlement amounts related to our Floor Income Contracts to education loan interest income and (b) reclassifying the net settlement amounts related to certain of our basis swaps to debt interest expense. The table below summarizes the realized losses on derivative and hedging activities and the associated reclassification on a Core Earnings basis.
Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
2016 | 2015 | ||||||
Reclassification of realized gains (losses) on derivative and hedging activities: |
||||||||
Net settlement expense on Floor Income Contracts reclassified to net interest income |
$ | (138 | ) | $ | (162 | ) | ||
Net settlement income on interest rate swaps reclassified to net interest income |
9 | 9 | ||||||
Net realized gains on terminated derivative contracts reclassified to other income |
| | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total reclassifications of realized losses on derivative and hedging activities |
$ | (129 | ) | $ | (153 | ) | ||
|
|
|
|
Cumulative Impact of Derivative Accounting under GAAP compared to Core Earnings
As of March 31, 2016, derivative accounting has reduced GAAP equity by approximately $329 million as a result of cumulative net unrealized losses (after tax) recognized under GAAP, but not in Core Earnings. The following table rolls forward the cumulative impact to GAAP equity due to these unrealized after tax net losses related to derivative accounting.
Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
2016 | 2015 | ||||||
Beginning impact of derivative accounting on GAAP equity |
$ | (281 | ) | $ | (553 | ) | ||
Net impact of net unrealized gains (losses) under derivative accounting(1) |
(48 | ) | 48 | |||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Ending impact of derivative accounting on GAAP equity |
$ | (329 | ) | $ | (505 | ) | ||
|
|
|
|
(1) | Net impact of net unrealized gains (losses) under derivative accounting is composed of the following: |
Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
2016 | 2015 | ||||||
Total pre-tax net impact of derivative accounting recognized in net income(a) |
$ | 54 | $ | 166 | ||||
Tax impact of derivative accounting adjustments recognized in net income |
(20 | ) | (73 | ) | ||||
Change in unrealized gain (losses) on derivatives, net of tax recognized in other comprehensive income |
(82 | ) | (45 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Net impact of net unrealized gains (losses) under derivative accounting |
$ | (48 | ) | $ | 48 | |||
|
|
|
|
(a) | See Core Earnings derivative adjustments table above. |
Hedging FFELP Loan Embedded Floor Income
Net Floor premiums received on Floor Income Contracts that have not been amortized into Core Earnings as of the respective year-ends are presented in the table below. These net premiums will be recognized in Core Earnings in future periods. As of March 31, 2016, the remaining amortization term of the net floor premiums was approximately 3.75 years for existing contracts. Historically, we have sold Floor Income Contracts on a periodic basis and depending upon market conditions and pricing, we may enter into additional Floor Income
51
Contracts in the future. The balance of unamortized Floor Income Contracts will increase as we sell new contracts and decline due to the amortization of existing contracts.
In addition to using Floor Income Contracts, we also use pay fixed interest rate swaps to hedge the embedded Floor Income within FFELP Loans. These interest rate swaps qualify as GAAP hedges and are accounted for as cash flow hedges of variable rate debt. For GAAP, gains and losses on the effective portion of these hedges are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income and gains and losses on the ineffective portion are recorded immediately to earnings. Hedged Floor Income from these cash flow hedges that has not been recognized into Core Earnings and GAAP as of the respective period-ends is presented in the table below. This hedged Floor Income will be recognized in Core Earnings and GAAP in future periods and is presented net of tax. As of March 31, 2016, the hedged period is from April 2016 through December 2021. Historically, we have used pay fixed interest rate swaps on a periodic basis to hedge embedded Floor Income and depending upon market conditions and pricing, we may enter into swaps in the future. The balance of unrecognized hedged Floor Income will increase as we enter into new swaps and decline as revenue is recognized.
(Dollars in millions) |
March 31, 2016 |
March 31, 2015 |
||||||
Unamortized net Floor premiums (net of tax) |
$ | (114 | ) | $ | (258 | ) | ||
Unrecognized hedged Floor Income related to pay fixed interest rate swaps (net of tax) |
(524 | ) | (320 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total(1) |
$ | (638 | ) | $ | (578 | ) | ||
|
|
|
|
(1) | $(1.0) billion and $(916) million on a pre-tax basis as of March 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. |
3) Goodwill and Acquired Intangible Assets: Our Core Earnings exclude goodwill and intangible asset impairment and the amortization of acquired intangible assets. The following table summarizes the goodwill and acquired intangible asset adjustments.
Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
2016 | 2015 | ||||||
Core Earnings goodwill and acquired intangible asset adjustments(1) |
$ | (4 | ) | $ | (1 | ) | ||
|
|
|
|
(1) | Negative amounts are subtracted from Core Earnings net income to arrive at GAAP net income. |
52
Business Segment Earnings Summary Core Earnings Basis
FFELP Loans Segment
The following table includes Core Earnings results for our FFELP Loans segment.
Three Months Ended March 31, | % Increase (Decrease) | |||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
2016 | 2015 | 2016 vs. 2015 | |||||||||
Core Earnings interest income: |
||||||||||||
FFELP Loans |
$ | 555 | $ | 534 | 4 | % | ||||||
Cash and investments |
3 | 1 | 200 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Total Core Earnings interest income |
558 | 535 | 4 | |||||||||
Total Core Earnings interest expense |
358 | 302 | 19 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Net Core Earnings interest income |
200 | 233 | (14 | ) | ||||||||
Less: provision for loan losses |
7 | 5 | 40 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Net Core Earnings interest income after provision for loan losses |
193 | 228 | (15 | ) | ||||||||
Servicing revenue |
16 | 18 | (11 | ) | ||||||||
Gains on sales of loans and investments |
| 5 | (100 | ) | ||||||||
|
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|
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|
|
|||||||
Total other income |
16 | 23 | (30 | ) | ||||||||
Direct operating expenses |
104 | 115 | (10 | ) | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Income before income tax expense |
105 | 136 | (23 | ) | ||||||||
Income tax expense |
39 | 51 | (24 | ) | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Core Earnings |
$ | 66 | $ | 85 | (22 | )% | ||||||
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|
|
|
|
Core Earnings for the segment were $66 million in first-quarter 2016, compared with the year-ago quarters $85 million. This decrease was primarily the result of a $33 million decrease in net interest income due to declines in the balance of the portfolio and the net interest margin. This was partially offset by a decline in expenses. Core Earnings key performance metrics are as follows:
Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
2016 | 2015 | ||||||
FFELP Loan spread |
.89 | % | .96 | % | ||||
Net interest margin |
.81 | % | .88 | % | ||||
Provision for loan losses |
$ | 7 | $ | 5 | ||||
Charge-offs |
$ | 15 | $ | 7 | ||||
Charge-off rate |
.08 | % | .03 | % | ||||
Total delinquency rate |
14.1 | % | 15.9 | % | ||||
Greater than 90-day delinquency rate |
7.0 | % | 8.4 | % | ||||
Forbearance rate |
14.4 | % | 15.5 | % |
53
FFELP Loan Net Interest Margin
The following table includes the Core Earnings basis FFELP Loan net interest margin along with reconciliation to the GAAP basis FFELP Loan net interest margin.
Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||
2016 | 2015 | |||||||
Core Earnings basis FFELP Loan yield |
2.86 | % | 2.58 | % | ||||
Hedged Floor Income |
.25 | .23 | ||||||
Unhedged Floor Income |
.13 | .14 | ||||||
Consolidation Loan Rebate Fees |
(.65 | ) | (.64 | ) | ||||
Repayment Borrower Benefits |
(.11 | ) | (.11 | ) | ||||
Premium amortization |
(.15 | ) | (.11 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Core Earnings basis FFELP Loan net yield |
2.33 | 2.09 | ||||||
Core Earnings basis FFELP Loan cost of funds |
(1.44 | ) | (1.13 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Core Earnings basis FFELP Loan spread |
.89 | .96 | ||||||
Core Earnings basis other interest-earning asset spread impact |
(.08 | ) | (.08 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Core Earnings basis FFELP Loan net interest margin(1) |
.81 | % | .88 | % | ||||
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|
|||||
Core Earnings basis FFELP Loan net interest margin(1) |
.81 | % | .88 | % | ||||
Adjustment for GAAP accounting treatment(2) |
.31 | .37 | ||||||
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|
|
|||||
GAAP-basis FFELP Loan net interest margin(1) |
1.12 | % | 1.25 | % | ||||
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|
|
(1) | The average balances of our FFELP Loan Core Earnings basis interest-earning assets for the respective periods are: |
Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
2016 | 2015 | ||||||
FFELP Loans |
$ | 95,721 | $ | 103,617 | ||||
Other interest-earning assets |
3,603 | 3,893 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total FFELP Loan Core Earnings basis interest-earning assets |
$ | 99,324 | $ | 107,510 | ||||
|
|
|
|
(2) | Represents the reclassification of periodic interest accruals on derivative contracts from net interest income to other income and other derivative accounting adjustments. For further discussion of these adjustments, see section titled Core Earnings Definition and Limitations Differences between Core Earnings and GAAP above. |
The decrease in the net interest margin is primarily the result of an increase in the cost of funds.
The Company acquired $1.5 billion of FFELP Loans in first-quarter 2016. As of March 31, 2016, our FFELP Loan portfolio totaled $95.0 billion, composed of $35.7 billion of FFELP Stafford and Other Education Loans and $59.3 billion of FFELP Consolidation Loans. The weighted average life of these portfolios as of March 31, 2016 was 4.8 years and 8.7 years, respectively, assuming a Constant Prepayment Rate (CPR) of 3 percent for each portfolio.
54
Floor Income
The following table analyzes on a Core Earnings basis the ability of the FFELP Loans in our portfolio to earn Floor Income after March 31, 2016 and 2015, based on interest rates as of those dates.
March 31, 2016 | March 31, 2015 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in billions) |
Fixed Borrower Rate |
Variable Borrower Rate |
Total | Fixed Borrower Rate |
Variable Borrower Rate |
Total | ||||||||||||||||||
Education loans eligible to earn Floor Income |
$ | 82.3 | $ | 11.4 | $ | 93.7 | $ | 88.4 | $ | 12.8 | $ | 101.2 | ||||||||||||
Less: post-March 31, 2006 disbursed loans required to rebate Floor Income |
(42.7 | ) | (.8 | ) | (43.5 | ) | (46.0 | ) | (.9 | ) | (46.9 | ) | ||||||||||||
Less: economically hedged Floor Income |
(26.2 | ) | | (26.2 | ) | (27.2 | ) | | (27.2 | ) | ||||||||||||||
|
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|
|
|
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|
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|
|||||||||||||
Education loans eligible to earn Floor Income |
$ | 13.4 | $ | 10.6 | $ | 24.0 | $ | 15.2 | $ | 11.9 | $ | 27.1 | ||||||||||||
|
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|
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|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Education loans earning Floor Income |
$ | 6.4 | $ | .4 | $ | 6.8 | $ | 15.1 | $ | .5 | $ | 15.6 | ||||||||||||
|
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|
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|
|
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|
|
The following table presents a projection of the average balance of FFELP Consolidation Loans for which Fixed Rate Floor Income has been economically hedged with derivatives for the period April 1, 2016 to December 31, 2021.
(Dollars in billions) |
April 1, 2016 to December 31, 2016 |
2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | ||||||||||||||||||
Average balance of FFELP Consolidation Loans whose Floor Income is economically hedged |
$ | 19.9 | $ | 19.9 | $ | 16.7 | $ | 8.3 | $ | 2.6 | $ | 2.1 | ||||||||||||
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|
Operating Expenses FFELP Loans
Operating expenses for our FFELP Loans segment primarily include the contractual rates we pay to service loans in term asset-backed securitization trusts or a similar rate if a loan is not in a term financing facility (which is presented as an intercompany charge from the Business Services segment who services the loans), the fees we pay for third-party loan servicing and costs incurred to acquire loans. The intercompany revenue charged by the Business Services segment and included in those amounts was $101 million and $111 million for the quarters ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. These amounts exceed the actual cost of servicing the loans. Operating expenses were 44 basis points and 45 basis points of average FFELP Loans in the quarters ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. The decrease in operating expenses from the year-ago quarter was primarily the result of the decrease in the balance of the portfolio and the average servicing rate paid.
55
Private Education Loans Segment
The following table includes Core Earnings results for our Private Education Loans segment.
Three Months Ended March 31, | % Increase (Decrease) | |||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
2016 | 2015 | 2016 vs. 2015 | |||||||||
Core Earnings interest income: |
||||||||||||
Private Education Loans |
$ | 411 | $ | 456 | (10 | )% | ||||||
Cash and investments |
1 | | 100 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Total Core Earnings interest income |
412 | 456 | (10 | ) | ||||||||
Total Core Earnings interest expense |
172 | 173 | (1 | ) | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Net Core Earnings interest income |
240 | 283 | (15 | ) | ||||||||
Less: provision for loan losses |
104 | 120 | (13 | ) | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Net Core Earnings interest income after provision for loan losses |
136 | 163 | (17 | ) | ||||||||
Servicing revenue |
4 | 7 | (43 | ) | ||||||||
Direct operating expenses |
43 | 46 | (7 | ) | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Income before income tax expense |
97 | 124 | (22 | ) | ||||||||
Income tax expense |
36 | 47 | (23 | ) | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Core Earnings |
$ | 61 | $ | 77 | (21 | )% | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
Quarterly Core Earnings were $61 million in the first quarter of 2016, compared with $77 million in the year-ago quarter. This decrease is primarily the result of a $43 million decrease in net interest income due to declines in the balance of the portfolio and the net interest margin, partially offset by a $16 million decline in the provision for loan losses. Core Earnings key performance metrics are as follows:
Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
2016 | 2015 | ||||||
Private Education Loan spread |
3.70 | % | 3.87 | % | ||||
Net interest margin |
3.56 | % | 3.74 | % | ||||
Provision for loan losses |
$ | 104 | $ | 120 | ||||
Charge-offs |
$ | 144 | $ | 190 | ||||
Charge-off rate |
2.4 | % | 2.9 | % | ||||
Total delinquency rate |
6.2 | % | 6.9 | % | ||||
Greater than 90-day delinquency rate |
3.2 | % | 3.6 | % | ||||
Forbearance rate |
3.7 | % | 3.8 | % | ||||
Loans in repayment with more than 12 payments made |
95.2 | % | 92.6 | % | ||||
Cosigner rate |
64 | % | 64 | % |
56
Private Education Loan Net Interest Margin
The following table shows the Core Earnings basis Private Education Loan net interest margin along with reconciliation to the GAAP basis Private Education Loan net interest margin before provision for loan losses.
Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||
2016 | 2015 | |||||||
Core Earnings basis Private Education Loan yield |
6.22 | % | 6.15 | % | ||||
Core Earnings basis Private Education Loan cost of funds |
(2.52 | ) | (2.28 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Core Earnings basis Private Education Loan spread |
3.70 | 3.87 | ||||||
Core Earnings basis other interest-earning asset spread impact |
(.14 | ) | (.13 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Core Earnings basis Private Education Loan net interest margin(1) |
3.56 | % | 3.74 | % | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Core Earnings basis Private Education Loan net interest margin(1) |
3.56 | % | 3.74 | % | ||||
Adjustment for GAAP accounting treatment(2) |
(.07 | ) | (.03 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
GAAP basis Private Education Loan net interest margin(1) |
3.49 | % | 3.71 | % | ||||
|
|
|
|
(1) | The average balances of our Private Education Loan Core Earnings basis interest-earning assets for the respective periods are: |
Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
2016 | 2015 | ||||||
Private Education Loans |
$ | 26,577 | $ | 30,105 | ||||
Other interest-earning assets |
601 | 593 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total Private Education Loan Core Earnings basis interest-earning assets |
$ | 27,178 | $ | 30,698 | ||||
|
|
|
|
(2) | Represents the reclassification of periodic interest accruals on derivative contracts from net interest income to other income and other derivative accounting adjustments. For further discussion of these adjustments, see section titled Core Earnings Definition and Limitations Differences between Core Earnings and GAAP above. |
The decrease in the net interest margin is primarily a result of an increase in the cost of funds.
Private Education Loan Provision for Loan Losses
In establishing the allowance for Private Education Loan losses as of March 31, 2016, we considered several factors with respect to our Private Education Loan portfolio. In particular, we continue to see improvement in credit quality and continuing positive delinquency and charge-off trends in connection with this portfolio. On a Core Earnings basis, total loans delinquent (as a percentage of loans in repayment) have decreased to 6.2 percent from 6.9 percent in the year-ago quarter. Loans greater than 90 days delinquent (as a percentage of loans in repayment) have decreased to 3.2 percent from 3.6 percent in the year-ago quarter. The Core Earnings charge-off rate decreased to 2.4 percent from 2.9 percent in the year-ago quarter. Loans in forbearance (as a percentage of loans in repayment and forbearance) decreased to 3.7 percent from 3.8 percent in the year-ago quarter.
The Private Education Loan provision for loan losses on a Core Earnings basis was $104 million in the first quarter of 2016, down $16 million from the first quarter of 2015. This decrease in provision is primarily a result of the overall improvement in Private Education Loans credit quality, delinquency and charge-off trends leading to decreases in expected future charge-offs.
Operating Expenses Private Education Loans Segment
Operating expenses for our Private Education Loans segment include costs incurred to service and collect on our Private Education Loan portfolio. Operating expenses were $43 million and $46 million for the three months
57
ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. The decrease in operating expenses from the year-ago period is primarily due to a decline in the Private Education Loan portfolio balance.
Business Services Segment
The following table includes Core Earnings results for our Business Services segment.
Three Months Ended March 31, | % Increase (Decrease) | |||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
2016 | 2015 | 2016 vs. 2015 | |||||||||
Net interest income |
$ | | $ | | | % | ||||||
Servicing revenue: |
||||||||||||
Intercompany loan servicing |
101 | 111 | (9 | ) | ||||||||
Third-party loan servicing |
54 | 44 | 23 | |||||||||
Guarantor servicing |
8 | 8 | | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Total servicing revenue |
163 | 163 | | |||||||||
Asset recovery and business processing revenue |
90 | 89 | 1 | |||||||||
Other Business Services revenue |
1 | 2 | (50 | ) | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Total other income |
254 | 254 | | |||||||||
Direct operating expenses |
134 | 116 | 16 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Income from continuing operations, before income tax expense |
120 | 138 | (13 | ) | ||||||||
Income tax expense |
45 | 52 | (13 | ) | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Net income from continuing operations |
75 | 86 | (13 | ) | ||||||||
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax expense |
| | | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Core Earnings |
$ | 75 | $ | 86 | (13 | )% | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
Core Earnings were $75 million in the first quarter of 2016, compared with $86 million in the year-ago quarter. This decrease was primarily the result of lower education loan-related asset recovery revenue primarily in connection with a legislated reduction in certain fees as well as lower volumes. Key segment metrics are:
As of March 31, |
||||||||
(Dollars in billions) |
2016 | 2015 | ||||||
Number of accounts serviced for ED (in millions) |
6.3 | 6.2 | ||||||
Total federal loans serviced |
$ | 291 | $ | 297 | ||||
Contingent collections receivables inventory: |
||||||||
Education loans |
$ | 10.1 | $ | 11.0 | ||||
Other |
9.1 | 9.2 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total contingent collections receivables inventory |
$ | 19.2 | $ | 20.2 | ||||
|
|
|
|
Revenues related to services performed on FFELP Loans accounted for 64 percent and 74 percent, respectively, of total Business Services segment revenues for the quarters ended March 31, 2016 and 2015.
Servicing Revenue
Our Business Services segment includes intercompany loan servicing fees from servicing the FFELP Loans in our FFELP Loans segment. The average balance of this portfolio was $94 billion and $101 billion for the quarters ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. The decline in the intercompany loan servicing revenue from the year-ago quarter was due to the decrease in the average servicing rate paid and the decline in the average balance of FFELP Loans serviced.
58
Third-party loan servicing income increased $10 million from the year-ago quarter primarily due to an increase in revenue related to the accounts serviced for ED.
The Company services education loans for more than 12 million DSLP Loan, FFELP Loan and Private Education Loan customers (including cosigners), including 6.3 million customer accounts under the ED Servicing Contract as of March 31, 2016, compared with 6.2 million customer accounts serviced at March 31, 2015. Third-party loan servicing fees in the quarters ended March 31, 2016 and 2015 included $37 million and $31 million, respectively, of servicing revenue related to the ED Servicing Contract. On June 13, 2014, ED extended its servicing contract with us to service Direct Student Loan Program federal loans for five more years.
Asset Recovery and Business Processing Revenue
Our asset recovery and business processing revenue consists of fees we receive for asset recovery of delinquent and defaulted debt on behalf of third-party clients performed on a contingent basis. Business processing revenue consists of fees we earn processing transactions on behalf of our municipal, public authority and hospital clients. Asset recovery and business processing revenue increased $1 million. This increase was primarily due to additional revenue from Gila LLC (acquired in February 2015) and from Xtend Healthcare (acquired in October 2015), which was offset by a reduction in revenue related to a legislative reduction in certain education loan-related fees earned as well as a decrease in education loan-related asset recovery volume.
Since 1997, Navient has provided asset recovery services on defaulted education loans to ED. This contract expired by its terms on February 21, 2015 and our Pioneer Credit Recovery (Pioneer) subsidiary received no new account placements under the contract. We engaged with ED to learn more about their decision and address any questions or concerns they may have. In addition, on March 9, 2015, Pioneer filed a bid protest with the U.S. Government Accountability Office (GAO). This bid protest was dismissed on March 13, 2015 from the GAO based upon overlapping jurisdiction. Following the bid protest dismissal, Pioneer filed its own complaint with the U.S. Court of Federal Claims, which complaint was consolidated with several similar cases filed by other private collection agencies. On April 16, 2015, Pioneers complaint, together with the other plaintiffs consolidated complaints, was dismissed for lack of jurisdiction. We have appealed this decision. Pioneers appeal was heard on November 5, 2015 and no ruling has been issued.
Separately, we have submitted a response to EDs request for proposals (RFP) in relation to a new contract for similar services. There can be no assurances that Pioneer will be awarded an extension of the existing contract, or a new contract awarded to Pioneer or any other Navient subsidiary.
Operating Expenses Business Services Segment
Operating expenses for our Business Services segment primarily include costs incurred to service our FFELP Loan portfolio, third-party servicing and asset recovery and business processing costs, and other operating costs. The $18 million increase in operating expenses in the first quarter of 2016 compared with the year-ago quarter was due to operating costs related to Gila LLC, which was acquired in February 2015, and to Xtend Healthcare, acquired in October 2015. This increase was partially offset by a general reduction in costs related to the implementation of various operating cost initiatives, including the successful conversion of loans to our servicing system in the third quarter of 2015 related to $8.5 billion of FFELP loans acquired in the fourth quarter of 2014.
59
Other Segment
The following table includes Core Earnings results of our Other segment.
Three Months Ended March 31, | % Increase (Decrease) | |||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
2016 | 2015 | 2016 vs. 2015 | |||||||||
Net interest loss after provision for loan losses |
$ | (24 | ) | $ | (27 | ) | (11 | )% | ||||
Other income |
3 | 4 | (25 | ) | ||||||||
Direct operating expenses |
6 | 4 | 50 | |||||||||
Overhead expenses: |
||||||||||||
Corporate overhead |
34 | 32 | 6 | |||||||||
Unallocated information technology costs |
27 | 28 | (4 | ) | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Total overhead expenses |
61 | 60 | 2 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Total operating expenses |
67 | 64 | 5 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Loss before income tax benefit |
(88 | ) | (87 | ) | 1 | |||||||
Income tax benefit |
(33 | ) | (33 | ) | | |||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Core Earnings (loss) |
$ | (55 | ) | $ | (54 | ) | 2 | % | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Interest Loss after Provision for Loan Losses
Net interest loss after provision for loan losses includes net interest loss related to our corporate liquidity portfolio, partially offset by net interest income related to our mortgage and consumer loan portfolios.
Overhead Other Segment
Unallocated corporate overhead is comprised of costs related to executive management, the board of directors, accounting, finance, legal, human resources and stock-based compensation expense. Unallocated information technology costs are related to infrastructure and operations.
Financial Condition
This section provides additional information regarding the changes in our loan portfolio assets and related liabilities as well as credit quality and performance indicators related to our loan portfolio.
60
Average Balance Sheets GAAP
The following table reflects the rates earned on interest-earning assets and paid on interest-bearing liabilities and reflects our net interest margin on a consolidated basis.
Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||||||||||
2016 | 2015 | |||||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
Balance | Rate | Balance | Rate | ||||||||||||
Average Assets |
||||||||||||||||
FFELP Loans |
$ | 95,721 | 2.66 | % | $ | 103,617 | 2.49 | % | ||||||||
Private Education Loans |
26,577 | 6.22 | 30,105 | 6.15 | ||||||||||||
Other loans |
69 | 8.50 | 81 | 8.96 | ||||||||||||
Cash and investments |
5,418 | .39 | 6,307 | .11 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Total interest-earning assets |
127,785 | 3.31 | % | 140,110 | 3.18 | % | ||||||||||
|
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|
|
|||||||||||||
Non-interest-earning assets |
4,208 | 4,251 | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Total assets |
$ | 131,993 | $ | 144,361 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Average Liabilities and Equity |
||||||||||||||||
Short-term borrowings |
$ | 2,433 | 2.62 | % | $ | 3,931 | 2.30 | % | ||||||||
Long-term borrowings |
123,107 | 1.80 | 133,557 | 1.49 | ||||||||||||
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|
|||||||||
Total interest-bearing liabilities |
125,540 | 1.81 | % | 137,488 | 1.52 | % | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Non-interest-bearing liabilities |
2,571 | 2,709 | ||||||||||||||
Equity |
3,882 | 4,164 | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Total liabilities and equity |
$ | 131,993 | $ | 144,361 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Net interest margin |
1.53 | % | 1.69 | % | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
Rate/Volume Analysis GAAP
The following rate/volume analysis shows the relative contribution of changes in interest rates and asset volumes.
Increase (Decrease) |
Change Due To(1) | |||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
Rate | Volume | ||||||||||
Three Months Ended March 31, 2016 vs. 2015 |
||||||||||||
Interest income |
$ | (46 | ) | $ | 45 | $ | (91 | ) | ||||
Interest expense |
51 | 95 | (44 | ) | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Net interest income |
$ | (97 | ) | $ | (52 | ) | $ | (45 | ) | |||
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) | Changes in income and expense due to both rate and volume have been allocated in proportion to the relationship of the absolute dollar amounts of the change in each. The changes in income and expense are calculated independently for each line in the table. The totals for the rate and volume columns are not the sum of the individual lines. |
61
Summary of our Education Loan Portfolio
Ending Education Loan Balances, net GAAP and Core Earnings Basis
March 31, 2016 | ||||||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
FFELP Stafford and Other |
FFELP Consolidation Loans |
Total FFELP Loans |
Private Education Loans |
Total Portfolio |
|||||||||||||||
Total education loan portfolio: |
||||||||||||||||||||
In-school(1) |
$ | 244 | $ | | $ | 244 | $ | 189 | $ | 433 | ||||||||||
Grace, repayment and other(2) |
34,939 | 58,891 | 93,830 | 26,440 | 120,270 | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Total, gross |
35,183 | 58,891 | 94,074 | 26,629 | 120,703 | |||||||||||||||
Unamortized premium/(discount) |
602 | 412 | 1,014 | (515 | ) | 499 | ||||||||||||||
Receivable for partially charged-off loans |
| | | 867 | 867 | |||||||||||||||
Allowance for loan losses |
(43 | ) | (27 | ) | (70 | ) | (1,434 | ) | (1,504 | ) | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Total education loan portfolio |
$ | 35,742 | $ | 59,276 | $ | 95,018 | $ | 25,547 | $ | 120,565 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
% of total FFELP |
38 | % | 62 | % | 100 | % | ||||||||||||||
% of total |
30 | % | 49 | % | 79 | % | 21 | % | 100 | % |
December 31, 2015 | ||||||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
FFELP Stafford and Other |
FFELP Consolidation Loans |
Total FFELP Loans |
Private Education Loans |
Total Portfolio |
|||||||||||||||
Total education loan portfolio: |
||||||||||||||||||||
In-school(1) |
$ | 259 | $ | | $ | 259 | $ | 216 | $ | 475 | ||||||||||
Grace, repayment and other(2) |
36,112 | 59,118 | 95,230 | 27,299 | 122,529 | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Total, gross |
36,371 | 59,118 | 95,489 | 27,515 | 123,004 | |||||||||||||||
Unamortized premium/(discount) |
627 | 460 | 1,087 | (531 | ) | 556 | ||||||||||||||
Receivable for partially charged-off loans |
| | | 881 | 881 | |||||||||||||||
Allowance for loan losses |
(48 | ) | (30 | ) | (78 | ) | (1,471 | ) | (1,549 | ) | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Total education loan portfolio |
$ | 36,950 | $ | 59,548 | $ | 96,498 | $ | 26,394 | $ | 122,892 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
% of total FFELP |
38 | % | 62 | % | 100 | % | ||||||||||||||
% of total |
30 | % | 48 | % | 78 | % | 22 | % | 100 | % |
(1) | Loans for customers still attending school and are not yet required to make payments on the loan. |
(2) | Includes loans in deferment or forbearance. |
Average Education Loan Balances (net of unamortized premium/discount) GAAP and Core Earnings Basis
Three Months Ended March 31, 2016 | ||||||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
FFELP Stafford and Other |
FFELP Consolidation Loans |
Total FFELP Loans |
Private Education Loans |
Total Portfolio |
|||||||||||||||
Total |
$ | 36,492 | $ | 59,229 | $ | 95,721 | $ | 26,577 | $ | 122,298 | ||||||||||
% of FFELP |
38 | % | 62 | % | 100 | % | ||||||||||||||
% of total |
30 | % | 48 | % | 78 | % | 22 | % | 100 | % |
Three Months Ended March 31, 2015 | ||||||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
FFELP Stafford and Other |
FFELP Consolidation Loans |
Total FFELP Loans |
Private Education Loans |
Total Portfolio |
|||||||||||||||
Total |
$ | 40,634 | $ | 62,983 | $ | 103,617 | $ | 30,105 | $ | 133,722 | ||||||||||
% of FFELP |
39 | % | 61 | % | 100 | % | ||||||||||||||
% of total |
30 | % | 47 | % | 77 | % | 23 | % | 100 | % |
62
Education Loan Activity GAAP and Core Earnings Basis
Three Months Ended March 31, 2016 | ||||||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
FFELP Stafford and Other |
FFELP Consolidation Loans |
Total FFELP Loans |
Total Private Education Loans |
Total Portfolio |
|||||||||||||||
Beginning balance |
$ | 36,950 | $ | 59,548 | $ | 96,498 | $ | 26,394 | $ | 122,892 | ||||||||||
Acquisitions |
273 | 1,258 | 1,531 | 6 | 1,537 | |||||||||||||||
Capitalized interest and premium/discount amortization |
270 | 262 | 532 | 114 | 646 | |||||||||||||||
Consolidations to third parties |
(679 | ) | (470 | ) | (1,149 | ) | (121 | ) | (1,270 | ) | ||||||||||
Loan sales |
| | | | | |||||||||||||||
Repayments and other |
(1,072 | ) | (1,322 | ) | (2,394 | ) | (846 | ) | (3,240 | ) | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Ending balance |
$ | 35,742 | $ | 59,276 | $ | 95,018 | $ | 25,547 | $ | 120,565 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended March 31, 2015 | ||||||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
FFELP Stafford and Other |
FFELP Consolidation Loans |
Total FFELP Loans |
Total Private Education Loans |
Total Portfolio |
|||||||||||||||
Beginning balance |
$ | 41,065 | $ | 63,456 | $ | 104,521 | $ | 29,796 | $ | 134,317 | ||||||||||
Acquisitions |
406 | 418 | 824 | 6 | 830 | |||||||||||||||
Capitalized interest and premium/discount amortization |
308 | 279 | 587 | 136 | 723 | |||||||||||||||
Consolidations to third parties |
(657 | ) | (487 | ) | (1,144 | ) | (23 | ) | (1,167 | ) | ||||||||||
Loan sales |
(151 | ) | (36 | ) | (187 | ) | | (187 | ) | |||||||||||
Repayments and other |
(1,104 | ) | (1,073 | ) | (2,177 | ) | (925 | ) | (3,102 | ) | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Ending balance |
$ | 39,867 | $ | 62,557 | $ | 102,424 | $ | 28,990 | $ | 131,414 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Education Loan Allowance for Loan Losses Activity GAAP and Core Earnings Basis
Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
2016 | 2015 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
FFELP Loans |
Private Education Loans |
Total Portfolio |
FFELP Loans |
Private Education Loans |
Total Portfolio |
||||||||||||||||||
Beginning balance |
$ | 78 | $ | 1,471 | $ | 1,549 | $ | 93 | $ | 1,916 | $ | 2,009 | ||||||||||||
Less: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Charge-offs(1) |
(15 | ) | (144 | ) | (159 | ) | (7 | ) | (190 | ) | (197 | ) | ||||||||||||
Loan sales |
| | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||
Plus: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Provision for loan losses |
7 | 104 | 111 | 5 | 120 | 125 | ||||||||||||||||||
Reclassification of interest reserve(2) |
| 3 | 3 | | 3 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Ending balance |
$ | 70 | $ | 1,434 | $ | 1,504 | $ | 91 | $ | 1,849 | $ | 1,940 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Percent of total |
5 | % | 95 | % | 100 | % | 5 | % | 95 | % | 100 | % | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Troubled debt restructuring(3) |
$ | | $ | 10,701 | $ | 10,701 | $ | | $ | 10,426 | $ | 10,426 |
(1) | Charge-offs are reported net of expected recoveries. For Private Education Loans, the expected recovery amount is transferred to the receivable for partially charged-off loan balance. Charge-offs include charge-offs against the receivable for partially charged-off loans which represents the difference between what was expected to be collected and any shortfalls in what was actually collected in the period. See Private Education Loan Portfolio Performance Receivable for Partially Charged-Off Private Education Loans for further discussion. |
(2) | Represents the additional allowance related to the amount of uncollectible interest reserved within interest income that is transferred in the period to the allowance for loan losses when interest is capitalized to a loans principal balance. |
(3) | Represents the recorded investment of loans identified as troubled debt restructuring. |
63
FFELP Loan Portfolio Performance
FFELP Loan Delinquencies and Forbearance GAAP and Core Earnings Basis
FFELP Loan Delinquencies | ||||||||||||||||
March 31, | ||||||||||||||||
2016 | 2015 | |||||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
Balance | % | Balance | % | ||||||||||||
Loans in-school/grace/deferment(1) |
$ | 7,986 | $ | 10,555 | ||||||||||||
Loans in forbearance(2) |
12,389 | 14,037 | ||||||||||||||
Loans in repayment and percentage of each status: |
||||||||||||||||
Loans current |
63,333 | 85.9 | % | 64,522 | 84.1 | % | ||||||||||
Loans delinquent 31-60 days(3) |
3,559 | 4.8 | 3,656 | 4.8 | ||||||||||||
Loans delinquent 61-90 days(3) |
1,657 | 2.3 | 2,087 | 2.7 | ||||||||||||
Loans delinquent greater than 90 days(3) |
5,150 | 7.0 | 6,490 | 8.4 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Total FFELP Loans in repayment |
73,699 | 100 | % | 76,755 | 100 | % | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Total FFELP Loans, gross |
94,074 | 101,347 | ||||||||||||||
FFELP Loan unamortized premium |
1,014 | 1,168 | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Total FFELP Loans |
95,088 | 102,515 | ||||||||||||||
FFELP Loan allowance for losses |
(70 | ) | (91 | ) | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
FFELP Loans, net |
$ | 95,018 | $ | 102,424 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Percentage of FFELP Loans in repayment |
78.3 | % | 75.7 | % | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Delinquencies as a percentage of FFELP Loans in repayment |
14.1 | % | 15.9 | % | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
FFELP Loans in forbearance as a percentage of loans in repayment and forbearance |
14.4 | % | 15.5 | % | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
(1) | Loans for customers who may still be attending school or engaging in other permitted educational activities and are not yet required to make payments on the loans, e.g., residency periods for medical students or a grace period for bar exam preparation, as well as loans for customers who have requested extension of grace period during employment transition or who have temporarily ceased making payments due to hardship or other factors. |
(2) | Loans for customers who have used their allowable deferment time or do not qualify for deferment, that need additional time to obtain employment or who have temporarily ceased making payments due to hardship or other factors. |
(3) | The period of delinquency is based on the number of days scheduled payments are contractually past due. |
Allowance for FFELP Loan Losses GAAP and Core Earnings Basis
Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
2016 | 2015 | ||||||
Allowance at beginning of period |
$ | 78 | $ | 93 | ||||
Provision for FFELP Loan losses |
7 | 5 | ||||||
Charge-offs |
(15 | ) | (7 | ) | ||||
Loan sales |
| | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Allowance at end of period |
$ | 70 | $ | 91 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Charge-offs as a percentage of average loans in repayment (annualized) |
.08 | % | .03 | % | ||||
Allowance coverage of charge-offs (annualized) |
1.2 | 3.6 | ||||||
Allowance as a percentage of ending total loans, gross |
.07 | % | .09 | % | ||||
Allowance as a percentage of ending loans in repayment |
.10 | % | .12 | % | ||||
Ending total loans, gross |
$ | 94,074 | $ | 101,347 | ||||
Average loans in repayment |
$ | 73,689 | $ | 77,474 | ||||
Ending loans in repayment |
$ | 73,699 | $ | 76,755 |
64
Private Education Loan Portfolio Performance
Private Education Loan Delinquencies and Forbearance GAAP and Core Earnings Basis
Private Education Loan Delinquencies | ||||||||||||||||
March 31, | ||||||||||||||||
2016 | 2015 | |||||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
Balance | % | Balance | % | ||||||||||||
Loans in-school/grace/deferment(1) |
$ | 1,927 | $ | 2,894 | ||||||||||||
Loans in forbearance(2) |
916 | 1,030 | ||||||||||||||
Loans in repayment and percentage of each status: |
||||||||||||||||
Loans current |
22,313 | 93.8 | % | 24,451 | 93.1 | % | ||||||||||
Loans delinquent 31-60 days(3) |
434 | 1.8 | 528 | 2.0 | ||||||||||||
Loans delinquent 61-90 days(3) |
290 | 1.2 | 341 | 1.3 | ||||||||||||
Loans delinquent greater than 90 days(3) |
749 | 3.2 | 940 | 3.6 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Total Private Education Loans in repayment |
23,786 | 100 | % | 26,260 | 100 | % | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Total Private Education Loans, gross |
26,629 | 30,184 | ||||||||||||||
Private Education Loan unamortized discount |
(515 | ) | (581 | ) | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Total Private Education Loans |
26,114 | 29,603 | ||||||||||||||
Private Education Loan receivable for partially charged-off loans |
867 | 1,236 | ||||||||||||||
Private Education Loan allowance for losses |
(1,434 | ) | (1,849 | ) | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Private Education Loans, net |
$ | 25,547 | $ | 28,990 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Percentage of Private Education Loans in repayment |
89.3 | % | 87.0 | % | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Delinquencies as a percentage of Private Education Loans in repayment |
6.2 | % | 6.9 | % | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Loans in forbearance as a percentage of loans in repayment and forbearance |
3.7 | % | 3.8 | % | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Loans in repayment with more than 12 payments made |
95.2 | % | 92.6 | % | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Percentage of Private Education Loans with a cosigner |
64 | % | 64 | % | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
(1) | Deferment includes customers who have returned to school or are engaged in other permitted educational activities and are not yet required to make payments on their loans, e.g., residency periods for medical students or a grace period for bar exam preparation. |
(2) | Loans for customers who have requested extension of grace period generally during employment transition or who have temporarily ceased making full payments due to hardship or other factors, consistent with established loan program servicing policies and procedures. |
(3) | The period of delinquency is based on the number of days scheduled payments are contractually past due. |
65
Allowance for Private Education Loan Losses GAAP and Core Earnings Basis
Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
2016 | 2015 | ||||||
Allowance at beginning of period |
$ | 1,471 | $ | 1,916 | ||||
Provision for Private Education Loan losses |
104 | 120 | ||||||
Charge-offs(1) |
(144 | ) | (190 | ) | ||||
Reclassification of interest reserve(2) |
3 | 3 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Allowance at end of period |
$ | 1,434 | $ | 1,849 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Charge-offs as a percentage of average loans in repayment (annualized) |
2.4 | % | 2.9 | % | ||||
Allowance coverage of charge-offs (annualized) |
2.5 | 2.4 | ||||||
Allowance as a percentage of ending total loans |
5.2 | % | 5.9 | % | ||||
Allowance as a percentage of ending loans in repayment |
6.0 | % | 7.0 | % | ||||
Ending total loans(3) |
$ | 27,496 | $ | 31,420 | ||||
Average loans in repayment |
$ | 24,180 | $ | 26,644 | ||||
Ending loans in repayment |
$ | 23,786 | $ | 26,260 |
(1) | Charge-offs are reported net of expected recoveries. The expected recovery amount is transferred to the receivable for partially charged-off loan balance. Charge-offs include charge-offs against the receivable for partially charged-off loans which represents the difference between what was expected to be collected and any shortfalls in what was actually collected in the period. See Receivable for Partially Charged-Off Private Education Loans for further discussion. |
(2) | Represents the additional allowance related to the amount of uncollectible interest reserved within interest income that is transferred in the period to the allowance for loan losses when interest is capitalized to a loans principal balance. |
(3) | Ending total loans represents gross Private Education Loans, plus the receivable for partially charged-off loans. |
As part of determining the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses, we review key allowance and loan metrics. The most significant of these metrics considered are the charge-off rate and delinquency and forbearance percentages and the resulting allowance coverage of charge-offs ratio, and the allowance as a percentage of total loans and of loans in repayment.
Receivable for Partially Charged-Off Private Education Loans
At the end of each month, for loans that are 212 or more days past due, we charge off the estimated loss of a defaulted loan balance. Actual recoveries are applied against the remaining loan balance that was not charged off. We refer to this remaining loan balance as the receivable for partially charged-off loans. If actual periodic recoveries are less than expected, the difference is immediately charged off through the allowance for Private Education Loan losses with an offsetting reduction in the receivable for partially charged-off Private Education Loans. If actual periodic recoveries are greater than expected, they will be reflected as a recovery through the allowance for Private Education Loan losses once the cumulative recovery amount exceeds the cumulative amount originally expected to be recovered. The financial crisis, which began in 2007, impacted our collections on defaulted loans and as a result, Private Education Loans which defaulted from 2007 through March 31, 2015, experienced collection performance below our pre-financial crisis experience. For that reason, until we gained enough data and experience to determine the long-term, post-default recovery rate of 21 percent in second-quarter 2015, we established a reserve for potential shortfalls in recoveries. In the second quarter of 2015, the portion of the loan amount charged off at default increased from 73 percent to 79 percent. This did not impact the provision for loan losses as previously this had been reserved through the allowance for loan losses. This change resulted in a $330 million reduction to the balance of the receivable for partially charged-off loans. We no longer expect to have significant periodic recovery shortfalls as a result of this change; however, it is possible we may continue to experience such shortfalls.
66
The following table summarizes the activity in the receivable for partially charged-off loans.
Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
2016 | 2015 | ||||||
Receivable at beginning of period |
$ | 881 | $ | 1,245 | ||||
Expected future recoveries of current period defaults(1) |
36 | 62 | ||||||
Recoveries(2) |
(50 | ) | (52 | ) | ||||
Charge-offs(3) |
| (19 | ) | |||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Receivable at end of period |
867 | 1,236 | ||||||
Allowance for estimated recovery shortfalls(4) |
| (380 | ) | |||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Net receivable at end of period |
$ | 867 | $ | 856 | ||||
|
|
|
|
(1) | Represents the difference between the defaulted loan balance and our estimate of the amount to be collected in the future. |
(2) | Current period cash collections. |
(3) | Prior to second-quarter 2015, charge-offs represent the current period recovery shortfall the difference between what was expected to be collected and what was actually collected. In the second quarter of 2015, the portion of the loan amount charged off at default increased from 73 percent to 79 percent. This change resulted in a $330 million reduction to the balance of the receivable for partially charged-off loans. These amounts are included in the Allowance for Private Education Loan Losses table. |
(4) | The allowance for estimated recovery shortfalls of the receivable for partially charged-off Private Education Loans is a component of the $1.8 billion overall allowance for Private Education Loan losses as of March 31, 2015. This component of the allowance was removed in the second quarter of 2015 due to the increase in the charge-off rate discussed above. |
Use of Forbearance as a Private Education Loan Collection Tool
Forbearance involves granting the customer a temporary cessation of payments (or temporary acceptance of smaller than scheduled payments) for a specified period of time. Using forbearance extends the original term of the loan. Forbearance does not grant any reduction in the total repayment obligation (principal or interest). While in forbearance status, interest continues to accrue and is capitalized to principal when the loan re-enters repayment status. Our forbearance policies include limits on the number of forbearance months granted consecutively and the total number of forbearance months granted over the life of the loan. In some instances, we require good-faith payments before granting forbearance. Exceptions to forbearance policies are permitted when such exceptions are judged to increase the likelihood of recovery of the loan. Forbearance as a recovery tool is used most effectively when applied based on a customers unique situation, including historical information and judgments. We leverage updated customer information and other decision support tools to best determine who will be granted forbearance based on our expectations as to a customers ability and willingness to repay their obligation. This strategy is aimed at mitigating the overall risk of the portfolio as well as encouraging cash resolution of delinquent loans.
Forbearance may be granted to customers who are exiting their grace period to provide additional time to obtain employment and income to support their obligations, or to current customers who are faced with a hardship and request forbearance time to provide temporary payment relief. In these circumstances, a customers loan is placed into a forbearance status in limited monthly increments and is reflected in the forbearance status at month-end during this time. At the end of their granted forbearance period, the customer will enter repayment status as current and is expected to begin making their scheduled monthly payments on a go-forward basis.
Forbearance may also be granted to customers who are delinquent in their payments. In these circumstances, the forbearance cures the delinquency and the customer is returned to a current repayment status. In more limited instances, delinquent customers will also be granted additional forbearance time.
The tables below show the composition and status of the Private Education Loan portfolio aged by the number of months for which a scheduled monthly payment was received. As indicated in the tables, the percentage of loans that are in forbearance status, are delinquent greater than 90 days or that are charged off decreases the longer the loans have been making scheduled monthly payments.
67
At March 31, 2016, loans in forbearance status as a percentage of loans in repayment and forbearance were 13.6 percent for loans that have made less than 25 monthly payments. The percentage drops to 1.7 percent for loans that have made more than 48 monthly payments. Approximately 46 percent of our Private Education Loans in forbearance status have made less than 25 monthly payments.
At March 31, 2016, loans in repayment that are delinquent greater than 90 days as a percentage of loans in repayment were 9.9 percent for loans that have made less than 25 monthly payments. The percentage drops to 1.6 percent for loans that have made more than 48 monthly payments. Approximately 36 percent of our Private Education Loans in repayment that are delinquent greater than 90 days have made less than 25 monthly payments.
For the three months ended March 31, 2016, charge-offs as a percentage of loans in repayment were 9 percent for loans that have made less than 25 monthly payments. The percentage drops to 1 percent for loans that have made more than 48 monthly payments. Approximately 47 percent of our Private Education Loan charge-offs occurring in first-quarter 2016 made less than 25 monthly payments.
GAAP and Core Earnings Basis:
(Dollars in millions) |
Monthly Scheduled Payments Received | Not Yet in Repayment |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
March 31, 2016 |
0 to 12 | 13 to 24 | 25 to 36 | 37 to 48 | More than 48 | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Loans in-school/grace/deferment |
$ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | 1,927 | $ | 1,927 | ||||||||||||||
Loans in forbearance |
301 | 125 | 123 | 111 | 256 | | 916 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Loans in repayment current |
859 | 1,360 | 2,242 | 3,247 | 14,605 | | 22,313 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Loans in repayment delinquent 31-60 days |
67 | 51 | 70 | 63 | 183 | | 434 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Loans in repayment delinquent 61-90 days |
52 | 42 | 49 | 42 | 105 | | 290 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Loans in repayment delinquent greater than 90 days |
155 | 114 | 133 | 111 | 236 | | 749 | |||||||||||||||||||||
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
Total |
$ | 1,434 | $ | 1,692 | $ | 2,617 | $ | 3,574 | $ | 15,385 | $ | 1,927 | 26,629 | |||||||||||||||
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|
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|
|
|||||||||||||||||
Unamortized discount |
(515 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Receivable for partially charged-off loans |
867 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Allowance for loan losses |
(1,434 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total Private Education Loans, net |
$ | 25,547 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Loans in forbearance as a percentage of loans in repayment and forbearance |
21.0 | % | 7.4 | % | 4.7 | % | 3.1 | % | 1.7 | % | | % | 3.7 | % | ||||||||||||||
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|
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Loans in repayment delinquent greater than 90 days as a percentage of loans in repayment |
13.6 | % | 7.3 | % | 5.4 | % | 3.2 | % | 1.6 | % | | % | 3.2 | % | ||||||||||||||
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|
|||||||||||||||
Charge-offs as a percentage of loans in repayment |
14.0 | % | 5.2 | % | 3.4 | % | 2.0 | % | 1.0 | % | | % | 2.4 | % | ||||||||||||||
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|
|
(Dollars in millions) |
Monthly Scheduled Payments Received | Not Yet in Repayment |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
March 31, 2015 |
0 to 12 | 13 to 24 | 25 to 36 | 37 to 48 | More than 48 | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Loans in-school/grace/deferment |
$ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | 2,894 | $ | 2,894 | ||||||||||||||
Loans in forbearance |
419 | 157 | 141 | 121 | 192 | | 1,030 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Loans in repayment current |
1,482 | 2,315 | 3,584 | 3,846 | 13,224 | | 24,451 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Loans in repayment delinquent 31-60 days |
111 | 85 | 94 | 79 | 159 | | 528 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Loans in repayment delinquent 61-90 days |
86 | 60 | 57 | 47 | 91 | | 341 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Loans in repayment delinquent greater than 90 days |
257 | 184 | 167 | 125 | 207 | | 940 | |||||||||||||||||||||
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|
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|
|
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|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
Total |
$ | 2,355 | $ | 2,801 | $ | 4,043 | $ | 4,218 | $ | 13,873 | $ | 2,894 | 30,184 | |||||||||||||||
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|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||
Unamortized discount |
(581 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Receivable for partially charged-off loans |
1,236 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Allowance for loan losses |
(1,849 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total Private Education Loans, net |
$ | 28,990 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Loans in forbearance as a percentage of loans in repayment and forbearance |
17.8 | % | 5.6 | % | 3.5 | % | 2.9 | % | 1.4 | % | | % | 3.8 | % | ||||||||||||||
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|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
Loans in repayment delinquent greater than 90 days as a percentage of loans in repayment |
13.3 | % | 7.0 | % | 4.3 | % | 3.1 | % | 1.5 | % | | % | 3.6 | % | ||||||||||||||
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|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
Charge-offs as a percentage of loans in repayment |
15.2 | % | 5.0 | % | 2.7 | % | 1.9 | % | .9 | % | | % | 2.9 | % | ||||||||||||||
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Private Education Loan Repayment Options
Certain loan programs allow customers to select from a variety of repayment options depending on their loan type and their enrollment/loan status, which include the ability to extend their repayment term or change their monthly payment. The chart below provides the optional repayment offerings in addition to the standard level principal and interest payments as of March 31, 2016.
Loan Program |
||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
Signature and Other |
Smart Option |
Career Training |
Total | ||||||
$ in repayment |
$19,129 | $3,920 | $737 | $ | 23,786 | |||||
$ in total |
$21,535 | $4,330 | $764 | $ | 26,629 | |||||
Payment method by enrollment status: |
||||||||||
In-school/grace |
Deferred(1) | Deferred(1), interest-only or fixed $25/month |
Interest-only or fixed $25/month |
|||||||
Repayment |
Level principal and interest or graduated | Level principal and interest |
Level principal and interest |
(1) | Deferred includes loans for which no payments are required and interest charges are capitalized into the loan balance. |
The graduated repayment program that is part of Signature and Other Loans includes an interest-only payment feature that may be selected at the option of the customer. Customers elect to participate in this program at the time they enter repayment following their grace period. This program is available to customers in repayment, after their grace period, who would like a temporary lower payment from the required principal and interest payment amount. Customers participating in this program pay monthly interest with no amortization of their principal balance for up to 48 payments after entering repayment (dependent on the loan product type). The maturity date of the loan is not extended when a customer participates in this program. On a Core Earnings basis, as of March 31, 2016 and 2015, customers in repayment owing approximately $1.5 billion (6 percent of loans in repayment) and $2.9 billion (11 percent of loans in repayment), respectively, were enrolled in the interest-only program.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Funding and Liquidity Risk Management
The following Liquidity and Capital Resources discussion concentrates on our FFELP Loans and Private Education Loans segments. Our Business Services and Other segments require minimal capital and funding.
We define liquidity as cash and high-quality liquid assets that we can use to meet our cash requirements. Our two primary liquidity needs are: (1) servicing our debt and (2) our ongoing ability to meet our cash needs for running the operations of our businesses (including derivative collateral requirements) throughout market cycles, including during periods of financial stress. Secondary liquidity needs, which can be adjusted as needed, include acquisitions of Private Education Loan and FFELP Loan portfolios, acquisitions of companies, the payment of common stock dividends and the repurchase of common stock under common share repurchase programs. To achieve these objectives, we analyze and monitor our liquidity needs, maintain excess liquidity and access diverse funding sources including the issuance of unsecured debt and the issuance of secured debt primarily through asset-backed securitizations and/or other financing facilities.
We define liquidity risk as the potential inability to meet our obligations when they become due without incurring unacceptable losses or invest in future asset growth and business operations at reasonable market rates. Our primary liquidity risk relates to our ability to service our debt, meet our other business obligations and to
69
continue to grow our business. The ability to access the capital markets is impacted by general market and economic conditions, our credit ratings, as well as the overall availability of funding sources in the marketplace. In addition, credit ratings may be important to customers or counterparties when we compete in certain markets and when we seek to engage in certain transactions, including over-the-counter derivatives.
Credit ratings and outlooks are opinions subject to ongoing review by the ratings agencies and may change, from time to time, based on our financial performance, industry and market dynamics and other factors. Other factors that influence our credit ratings include the ratings agencies assessment of the general operating environment, our relative positions in the markets in which we compete, reputation, liquidity position, the level and volatility of earnings, corporate governance and risk management policies, capital position and capital management practices. A negative change in our credit rating could have a negative effect on our liquidity because it might raise the cost and availability of funding and potentially require additional cash collateral or restrict cash currently held as collateral on existing borrowings or derivative collateral arrangements. It is our objective to improve our credit ratings so that we can continue to efficiently access the capital markets even in difficult economic and market conditions.
We have unsecured debt that totaled $14.1 billion at March 31, 2016. Three credit rating agencies currently rate our long-term unsecured debt at below investment grade. From May 1, 2014 (Spin-Off) to March 31, 2016, we issued $1.5 billion of unsecured debt at an average all-in cost of one-month LIBOR plus 3.88 percent and an average term to maturity of 7.3 years. Recent market conditions and other factors have adversely impacted the cost and availability of new unsecured debt financing.
In June 2015, Moodys and Fitch placed $34 billion of non-recourse FFELP ABS sponsored by our affiliates on credit watch due to concerns that trust cash flows may not be sufficient to pay all bonds by the legal final maturity date. As of March 31, 2016, there was a total of $53 billion of FFELP ABS sponsored by our affiliates on credit watch by either Moodys or Fitch. The credit watch actions have created dislocation in the FFELP ABS market, which has impacted the cost and availability of FFELP ABS financing. Navient issued a FFELP ABS in both March and April 2016, our first issuances since June 2015. In the first-quarter 2016, Navient extended the legal final maturity dates for Navient-sponsored FFELP securitizations totaling $2.2 billion of bonds. Since quarter end, Navient has extended an additional $1.6 billion of bonds through April 27, 2016. In total, Navient has extended the legal final maturity dates for $4.9 billion of bonds. The amendments were made at the request of investors in these trusts.
We expect to fund our ongoing liquidity needs, including the repayment of $1.1 billion of senior unsecured notes that mature in the next twelve months, primarily through our current cash, investments and unencumbered FFELP Loan portfolio, the predictable operating cash flows provided by operating activities ($360 million in the three months ended March 31, 2016), the repayment of principal on unencumbered education loan assets, and the distribution of overcollateralization from our securitization trusts. We may also draw down on our secured FFELP Loan and Private Education Loan facilities, issue term ABS, enter into additional Private Education Loan ABS repurchase facilities, or issue additional unsecured debt.
We no longer originate Private Education Loans or FFELP Loans and therefore no longer have liquidity requirements for new originations, but we may purchase Private Education Loan and FFELP Loan portfolios from third parties.
Sources of Liquidity and Available Capacity
Ending Balances
(Dollars in millions) |
March 31, 2016 |
December 31, 2015 |
||||||
Sources of primary liquidity: |
||||||||
Total unrestricted cash and liquid investments |
$ | 1,173 | $ | 1,598 | ||||
Unencumbered FFELP Loans |
736 | 1,005 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total GAAP and Core Earnings basis |
$ | 1,909 | $ | 2,603 | ||||
|
|
|
|
70
Average Balances
Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
2016 | 2015 | ||||||
Sources of primary liquidity: |
||||||||
Total unrestricted cash and liquid investments |
$ | 1,186 | $ | 1,817 | ||||
Unencumbered FFELP Loans |
1,108 | 2,032 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total GAAP and Core Earnings basis |
$ | 2,294 | $ | 3,849 |
Liquidity may also be available under secured credit facilities to the extent we have eligible collateral and capacity available. Maximum borrowing capacity under the FFELP Loan other facilities will vary and be subject to each agreements borrowing conditions, including, among others, facility size, current usage and availability of qualifying collateral from unencumbered FFELP Loans. As of March 31, 2016 and 2015, the maximum additional capacity under these facilities was $1.2 billion and $12.5 billion, respectively. For the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, the average maximum additional capacity under these facilities was $1.9 billion and $12.9 billion, respectively. The $11.3 billion reduction in the maximum additional capacity between March 31, 2015 and March 31, 2016 primarily related to a $7.1 billion reduction in the availability under the facility with the Federal Home Loan Bank of Des Moines (FHLB). As previously disclosed, we received notice from FHLB that availability under the facility would be reduced and will mature in the first quarter of 2021. Both of these actions were taken by the FHLB in relation to the publication in January 2016 of new rules by the Federal Home Finance Agency, the primary regulator of the FHLB, governing eligibility of, and borrowing capacity for, certain insurance companies who are existing members of the Federal Home Loan Bank system. As of March 31, 2016, the maximum capacity and the amount outstanding under this facility was $3.6 billion and we do not expect to borrow more than this amount in the future.
In addition to the FFELP Loan other facilities, liquidity may also be available from our Private Education Loan asset-backed commercial paper (ABCP) facility. This facility provides liquidity for Private Education Loan acquisitions and for the refinancing of loans presently on our balance sheet or in other short-term facilities. The maximum capacity under this facility is $1 billion and it matures in June 2016. At March 31, 2016, the available capacity under this facility was $630 million. Borrowing under this facility will vary and is subject to the availability of qualifying collateral from unencumbered Private Education Loans.
At March 31, 2016, we had a total of $7.7 billion of unencumbered tangible assets inclusive of those listed in the table above as sources of primary liquidity. Total unencumbered education loans comprised $3.8 billion of our unencumbered tangible assets of which $3.1 billion and $0.7 billion related to Private Education Loans and FFELP Loans, respectively. In addition, as of March 31, 2016, we had $11.3 billion of encumbered net assets (i.e., overcollateralization) in our various financing facilities (consolidated variable interest entities). In fourth-quarter 2015, we closed on a $550 million Private Education Loan ABS repurchase facility (Repurchase Facility). On April 15, 2016, the Company completed a second Private Education Loan ABS repurchase agreement, resulting in the issuance of $478 million collateralized by Residual Interests in three previously issued Private Education Loan ABS trusts. These are examples of how we can effectively finance previously encumbered assets to generate additional liquidity in addition to the unencumbered assets we traditionally have encumbered in the past. Additionally, this Repurchase Facility has a cost of funds lower than what our unsecured debt new issuance cost of funds would be.
For further discussion of our various sources of liquidity, our access to the ABS market, our asset-backed financing facilities, and our issuance of unsecured debt, see Note 6 Borrowings in our 2015 Form 10-K.
71
The following table reconciles encumbered and unencumbered assets and their net impact on GAAP total tangible equity.
(Dollars in billions) |
March 31, 2016 |
December 31, 2015 |
||||||
Net assets of consolidated variable interest entities (encumbered assets) FFELP Loans |
$ | 4.9 | $ | 5.0 | ||||
Net assets of consolidated variable interest entities (encumbered assets) Private Education Loans |
6.4 | 6.3 | ||||||
Tangible unencumbered assets(1) |
7.7 | 8.8 | ||||||
Senior unsecured debt |
(14.1 | ) | (15.1 | ) | ||||
Mark-to-market on unsecured hedged debt(2) |
(1.0 | ) | (.7 | ) | ||||
Other liabilities, net |
(.8 | ) | (1.0 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total tangible equity GAAP Basis |
$ | 3.1 | $ | 3.3 | ||||
|
|
|
|
(1) | Excludes goodwill and acquired intangible assets. |
(2) | At March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, there were $913 million and $670 million, respectively, of net gains on derivatives hedging this debt in unencumbered assets, which partially offset these losses. |
First-Quarter 2016 Financing Transactions
During the first-quarter 2016, Navient issued $1.1 billion in FFELP asset-backed securities (ABS) and $488 million in Private Education Loan ABS.
In the first-quarter 2016, Navient increased and extended its FFELP ABCP facility with seven global financial institutions. The facilitys maturity date was extended to March 2018 from March 2017 and its maximum financing amount, which was originally scheduled to step down to $7 billion in March 2016, was increased to $7.5 billion with a step down to $6.75 billion in March 2017. This facility provides liquidity for refinancing and acquisitions of FFELP loans.
Shareholder Distributions
In March 2016, we paid a common stock dividend of $0.16 per share.
We repurchased 19.2 million shares of common stock for $200 million in the first quarter of 2016. The shares were repurchased under our previously disclosed share repurchase programs. As of March 31, 2016, the remaining repurchase authority was $555 million. In the first quarter of 2015, we repurchased 14.7 million shares for $300 million. Since the Spin-Off, we repurchased 97.3 million shares.
Recent Second-Quarter 2016 Transactions
In April 2016, we issued $497 million in FFELP Loan ABS and completed a second Private Education Loan ABS repurchase agreement, resulting in the issuance of $478 million collateralized by Residual Interests in three previously issued Private Education Loan ABS trusts.
Counterparty Exposure
Counterparty exposure related to financial instruments arises from the risk that a lending, investment or derivative counterparty will not be able to meet its obligations to us. Risks associated with our lending portfolio are discussed in the section titled Financial Condition FFELP Loan Portfolio Performance and Private Education Loan Portfolio Performance.
72
Our investment portfolio is composed of very short-term securities issued by a diversified group of highly rated issuers, limiting our counterparty exposure. Additionally, our investing activity is governed by board of director approved limits on the amount that is allowed to be invested with any one issuer based on the credit rating of the issuer, further minimizing our counterparty exposure. Counterparty credit risk is considered when valuing investments and considering impairment.
Related to derivative transactions, protection against counterparty risk is generally provided by International Swaps and Derivatives Association, Inc. (ISDA) Credit Support Annexes (CSAs). CSAs require a counterparty to post collateral if a potential default would expose the other party to a loss. All corporate derivative contracts entered into by Navient are covered under such agreements and require collateral to be exchanged based on the net fair value of derivatives with each counterparty. Our securitization trusts require collateral in all cases if the counterpartys credit rating is withdrawn or downgraded below a certain level. Additionally, securitizations involving foreign currency notes issued after November 2005 also require the counterparty to post collateral to the trust based on the fair value of the derivative, regardless of credit rating. The trusts are not required to post collateral to the counterparties. In all cases, our exposure is limited to the value of the derivative contracts in a gain position net of any collateral we are holding. We consider counterparties credit risk when determining the fair value of derivative positions on our exposure net of collateral.
We have liquidity exposure related to collateral movements between us and our derivative counterparties. Movements in the value of the derivatives, which are primarily affected by changes in interest rate and foreign exchange rates, may require us to return cash collateral held or may require us to access primary liquidity to post collateral to counterparties. See Note 7 Derivative Financial Instruments in our 2015 Form 10-K for more information on the amount of cash that has been received and delivered to derivative counterparties.
The table below highlights exposure related to our derivative counterparties at March 31, 2016.
(Dollars in millions) |
Corporate Contracts |
Securitization Trust Contracts |
||||||
Exposure, net of collateral |
$ | 93 | $ | 36 | ||||
Percent of exposure to counterparties with credit ratings below S&P AA- or Moodys Aa3 |
71 | % | 13 | % | ||||
Percent of exposure to counterparties with credit ratings below S&P A- or Moodys A3 |
21 | % | 0 | % |
Core Earnings Basis Borrowings
The following tables present the ending balances of our Core Earnings basis borrowings at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, and average balances and average interest rates of our Core Earnings basis borrowings for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015. The average interest rates include derivatives that are economically hedging the underlying debt but do not qualify for hedge accounting treatment. (See Core Earnings Definition and Limitations Differences between Core Earnings and GAAP Reclassification of Realized Gains (Losses) on Derivative and Hedging Activities of this Item 2.)
73
Ending Balances
March 31, 2016 | December 31, 2015 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
Short Term |
Long Term |
Total | Short Term |
Long Term |
Total | ||||||||||||||||||
Unsecured borrowings: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Senior unsecured debt |
$ | 1,137 | $ | 12,987 | $ | 14,124 | $ | 1,120 | $ | 13,976 | $ | 15,096 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Total unsecured borrowings |
1,137 | 12,987 | 14,124 | 1,120 | 13,976 | 15,096 | ||||||||||||||||||
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Secured borrowings: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
FFELP Loan securitizations |
| 76,411 | 76,411 | | 77,764 | 77,764 | ||||||||||||||||||
Private Education Loan securitizations(1) |
| 16,557 | 16,557 | | 16,900 | 16,900 | ||||||||||||||||||
FFELP Loan other facilities |
| 16,446 | 16,446 | | 16,276 | 16,276 | ||||||||||||||||||
Private Education Loan other facilities |
369 | | 369 | 710 | | 710 | ||||||||||||||||||
Other(2) |
877 | | 877 | 760 | | 760 | ||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Total secured borrowings |
1,246 | 109,414 | 110,660 | 1,470 | 110,940 | 112,410 | ||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Core Earnings basis borrowings |
2,383 | 122,401 | 124,784 | 2,590 | 124,916 | 127,506 | ||||||||||||||||||
Adjustment for GAAP accounting treatment |
(20 | ) | 519 | 499 | (20 | ) | (83 | ) | (103 | ) | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
GAAP basis borrowings |
$ | 2,363 | $ | 122,920 | $ | 125,283 | $ | 2,570 | $ | 124,833 | $ | 127,403 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) | Includes $546 million of long-term debt related to the Private Education Loan asset-backed securitization repurchase facility (Repurchase Facility) as of both March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015. |
(2) | Other primarily consists of the obligation to return cash collateral held related to derivative exposure. |
Secured borrowings comprised 89 percent and 88 percent of our Core Earnings basis debt outstanding at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively.
Average Balances
Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||||||||||
2016 | 2015 | |||||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
Average Balance |
Average Rate |
Average Balance |
Average Rate |
||||||||||||
Unsecured borrowings: |
||||||||||||||||
Senior unsecured debt |
$ | 14,392 | 4.29 | % | $ | 17,177 | 3.87 | % | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Total unsecured borrowings |
14,392 | 4.29 | 17,177 | 3.87 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Secured borrowings: |
||||||||||||||||
FFELP Loan securitizations |
76,735 | 1.33 | 85,225 | .99 | ||||||||||||
Private Education Loan securitizations(1) |
16,668 | 2.43 | 18,164 | 2.12 | ||||||||||||
FFELP Loan other facilities |
16,341 | 1.10 | 15,269 | .88 | ||||||||||||
Private Education Loan other facilities |
484 | 2.25 | 645 | 1.96 | ||||||||||||
Other(2) |
920 | .86 | 1,008 | .60 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Total secured borrowings |
111,148 | 1.46 | 120,311 | 1.15 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Core Earnings basis borrowings |
$ | 125,540 | 1.78 | % | $ | 137,488 | 1.49 | % | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Core Earnings basis borrowings |
$ | 125,540 | 1.78 | % | $ | 137,488 | 1.49 | % | ||||||||
Adjustment for GAAP accounting treatment |
| .03 | | .03 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
GAAP basis borrowings |
$ | 125,540 | 1.81 | % | $ | 137,488 | 1.52 | % | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) | Includes $546 million and $0 of long-term debt related to the Private Education Loan asset-backed securitization repurchase facility (Repurchase Facility) for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. |
(2) | Other primarily consists of the obligation to return cash collateral held related to derivative exposure. |
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Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations addresses our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with GAAP. A discussion of our critical accounting policies, which include allowance for loan losses, premium and discount amortization related to our loan portfolio, fair value measurement, transfers of financial assets and the VIE consolidation model, and derivative accounting can be found in our 2015 Form 10-K. There were no significant changes to these critical accounting policies during the first three months of 2016.
Item 3. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk |
Interest Rate Sensitivity Analysis
Our interest rate risk management seeks to limit the impact of short-term movements in interest rates on our results of operations and financial position. The following tables summarize the potential effect on earnings over the next 12 months and the potential effect on fair values of balance sheet assets and liabilities at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, based upon a sensitivity analysis performed by management assuming a hypothetical increase in market interest rates of 100 basis points and 300 basis points while funding spreads remain constant. Additionally, as it relates to the effect on earnings, a sensitivity analysis was performed assuming the funding index increases 25 basis points while holding the asset index constant, if the funding index and repricing frequency are different than the asset index. The earnings sensitivity is applied only to financial assets and liabilities, including hedging instruments that existed at the balance sheet date and does not take into account new assets, liabilities or hedging instruments that may arise over the next 12 months.
As of March 31, 2016 Impact on Annual Earnings If: |
As of March 31, 2015 Impact on Annual Earnings If: |
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Interest Rates | Funding Indices |
Interest Rates | Funding Indices |
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(Dollars in millions, except per share amounts) |
Increase 100 Basis Points |
Increase 300 Basis Points |
Increase 25 Basis Points(1) |
Increase 100 Basis Points |
Increase 300 Basis Points |
Increase 25 Basis Points(1) |
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Effect on Earnings: |
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Change in pre-tax net income before unrealized gains (losses) on derivative and hedging activities |
$ | (79 | ) | $ | (140 | ) | $ | (290 | ) | $ | (29 | ) | $ | (41 | ) | $ | (318 | ) | ||||||
Unrealized gains (losses) on derivative and hedging activities |
(53 | ) | (338 | ) | 2 | 129 | 120 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||
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Increase (decrease) in net income before taxes |
$ | (132 | ) | $ | (478 | ) | $ | (288 | ) | $ | 100 | $ | 79 | $ | (315 | ) | ||||||||
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Increase (decrease) in diluted earnings per common share(2) |
$ | (.39 | ) | $ | (1.39 | ) | $ | (.84 | ) | $ | .25 | $ | .19 | $ | (.78 | ) | ||||||||
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(1) | If an asset is not funded with the same index/frequency reset of the asset then it is assumed the funding index increases 25 basis points while holding the asset index constant. |
(2) | Calculated based on increase in net income before taxes. |
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At March 31, 2016 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Fair Value | Interest Rates: | |||||||||||||||||||
Change from Increase of 100 Basis Points |
Change from Increase of 300 Basis Points |
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(Dollars in millions) |
$ | % | $ | % | ||||||||||||||||
Effect on Fair Values: |
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Assets |
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FFELP Loans |
$ | 92,550 | $ | (493 | ) | (1 | )% | $ | (1,041 | ) | (1 | )% | ||||||||
Private Education Loans |
24,716 | | | | | |||||||||||||||
Other earning assets |
5,413 | | | | | |||||||||||||||
Other assets |
5,399 | (451 | ) | (8 | ) | (310 | ) | (6 | ) | |||||||||||
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Total assets gain/(loss) |
$ | 128,078 | $ | (944 | ) | (1 | )% | $ | (1,351 | ) | (1 | )% | ||||||||
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Liabilities |
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Interest-bearing liabilities |
$ | 118,185 | $ | (624 | ) | (1 | )% | $ | (1,730 | ) | (1 | )% | ||||||||
Other liabilities |
2,255 | (212 | ) | (9 | ) | 528 | 23 | |||||||||||||
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Total liabilities (gain)/loss |
$ | 120,440 | $ | (836 | ) | (1 | )% | $ | (1,202 | ) | (1 | )% | ||||||||
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At December 31, 2015 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Fair Value | Interest Rates: | |||||||||||||||||||
Change from Increase of 100 Basis Points |
Change from Increase of 300 Basis Points |
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(Dollars in millions) |
$ | % | $ | % | ||||||||||||||||
Effect on Fair Values: |
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Assets |
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FFELP Loans |
$ | 94,377 | $ | (455 | ) | | % | $ | (928 | ) | (1 | )% | ||||||||
Private Education Loans |
25,772 | | | | | |||||||||||||||
Other earning assets |
5,833 | | | | | |||||||||||||||
Other assets |
5,387 | (281 | ) | (5 | ) | (246 | ) | (5 | ) | |||||||||||
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Total assets gain/(loss) |
$ | 131,369 | $ | (736 | ) | (1 | )% | $ | (1,174 | ) | (1 | )% | ||||||||
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Liabilities |
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Interest-bearing liabilities |
$ | 121,040 | $ | (616 | ) | (1 | )% | $ | (1,708 | ) | (1 | )% | ||||||||
Other liabilities |
2,710 | 96 | 4 | 980 | 36 | |||||||||||||||
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Total liabilities (gain)/loss |
$ | 123,750 | $ | (520 | ) | | % | $ | (728 | ) | (1 | )% | ||||||||
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A primary objective in our funding is to minimize our sensitivity to changing interest rates by generally funding our floating rate education loan portfolio with floating rate debt. However, due to the ability of some FFELP loans to earn Floor Income, we can have a fixed versus floating mismatch in funding if the education loan earns at the fixed borrower rate and the funding remains floating. In addition, we can have a mismatch in the index (including the frequency of reset) of floating rate debt versus floating rate assets.
During the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, certain FFELP Loans were earning Floor Income and we locked in a portion of that Floor Income through the use of Floor Income Contracts. The result of these hedging transactions was to convert a portion of the fixed rate nature of education loans to variable rate, and to fix the relative spread between the education loan asset rate and the variable rate liability.
In the preceding tables, under the scenario where interest rates increase 100 and 300 basis points, the change in pre-tax net income before the unrealized gains (losses) on derivative and hedging activities is primarily due to
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the impact of (i) our unhedged loans being in a fixed-rate mode due to Floor Income, while being funded with variable debt in low interest rate environments; and (ii) a portion of our variable assets being funded with fixed rate liabilities and equity. Item (i) will generally cause income to decrease when interest rates increase from a low interest rate environment, whereas item (ii) will generally offset this decrease.
Under the scenario in the tables above labeled Impact on Annual Earnings If: Funding Indices Increase 25 Basis Points, the main driver of the decrease in pre-tax income before unrealized gains (losses) on derivative and hedging activities in both the March 31, 2016 and 2015 analyses is primarily the result of one-month LIBOR-indexed FFELP Loans being funded with three-month LIBOR and other non-discrete indexed liabilities. See Asset and Liability Funding Gap of this Item 3 for a further discussion. Increasing the spread between indices will also impact the unrealized gains (losses) on derivative and hedging activities as it relates to basis swaps that hedge the mismatch between the asset and funding indices.
In addition to interest rate risk addressed in the preceding tables, we are also exposed to risks related to foreign currency exchange rates. Foreign currency exchange risk is primarily the result of foreign currency denominated debt issued by us. When we issue foreign denominated corporate unsecured and securitization debt, our policy is to use cross currency interest rate swaps to swap all foreign currency denominated debt payments (fixed and floating) to U.S. dollar LIBOR using a fixed exchange rate. In the tables above, there would be an immaterial impact on earnings if exchange rates were to decrease or increase, due to the terms of the hedging instrument and hedged items matching. The balance sheet interest bearing liabilities would be affected by a change in exchange rates; however, the change would be materially offset by the cross currency interest rate swaps in other assets or other liabilities. In the current economic environment, volatility in the spread between spot and forward foreign exchange rates has resulted in material mark-to-market impacts to current-period earnings which have not been factored into the above analysis. The earnings impact is noncash, and at maturity of the instruments the cumulative mark-to-market impact will be zero.
Asset and Liability Funding Gap
The tables below present our assets and liabilities (funding) arranged by underlying indices as of March 31, 2016. In the following GAAP presentation, the funding gap only includes derivatives that qualify as effective hedges (those derivatives which are reflected in net interest margin, as opposed to those reflected in the gains (losses) on derivatives and hedging activities, net line on the consolidated statements of income). The difference between the asset and the funding is the funding gap for the specified index. This represents our exposure to interest rate risk in the form of basis risk and repricing risk, which is the risk that the different indices may reset at different frequencies or may not move in the same direction or at the same magnitude.
Management analyzes interest rate risk and in doing so includes all derivatives that are economically hedging our debt whether they qualify as effective hedges or not (Core Earnings basis). Accordingly, we are also presenting the asset and liability funding gap on a Core Earnings basis in the table that follows the GAAP presentation.
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GAAP Basis:
Index (Dollars in billions) |
Frequency of Variable Resets |
Assets(1) | Funding(2) | Funding Gap |
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3-month Treasury bill |
weekly | $ | 4.7 | $ | | $ | 4.7 | |||||||
Prime |
annual | .4 | | .4 | ||||||||||
Prime |
quarterly | 2.7 | | 2.7 | ||||||||||
Prime |
monthly | 13.3 | | 13.3 | ||||||||||
Prime |
daily | | .1 | (.1 | ) | |||||||||
PLUS Index |
annual | .3 | | .3 | ||||||||||
3-month LIBOR |
quarterly | | 63.3 | (63.3 | ) | |||||||||
3-month LIBOR |
daily | | .5 | (.5 | ) | |||||||||
1-month LIBOR |
monthly | 7.2 | 34.9 | (27.7 | ) | |||||||||
1-month LIBOR daily |
daily | 89.3 | | 89.3 | ||||||||||
CMT/CPI Index |
monthly/quarterly | | .4 | (.4 | ) | |||||||||
Non-Discrete reset(3) |
monthly | | 19.0 | (19.0 | ) | |||||||||
Non-Discrete reset(4) |
daily/weekly | 5.4 | .9 | 4.5 | ||||||||||
Fixed Rate(5) |
8.1 | 12.3 | (4.2 | ) | ||||||||||
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Total |
$ | 131.4 | $ | 131.4 | $ | | ||||||||
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(1) | FFELP Loans of $33.0 billion ($30.1 billion LIBOR index and $2.9 billion Treasury bill index) are currently earning a fixed rate of interest as a result of the low interest rate environment. |
(2) | Funding (by index) includes all derivatives that qualify as hedges. |
(3) | Funding consists of auction rate ABS and FFELP and Private Education Loan-other facilities. |
(4) | Assets include restricted and unrestricted cash equivalents and other overnight type instruments. Funding includes the obligation to return cash collateral held related to derivatives exposures. |
(5) | Assets include receivables and other assets (including goodwill and acquired intangibles). Funding includes other liabilities and stockholders equity. |
The Funding Gaps in the above table are primarily interest rate mismatches in short-term indices between our assets and liabilities. We address this issue typically through the use of basis swaps that typically convert quarterly reset three-month LIBOR to other indices that are more correlated to our asset indices. These basis swaps do not qualify as effective hedges and as a result the effect on the funding index is not included in our interest margin and is therefore excluded from the GAAP presentation.
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Core Earnings Basis:
Index (Dollars in billions) |
Frequency of Variable Resets |
Assets(1) | Funding(2) | Funding Gap |
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3-month Treasury bill |
weekly | $ | 4.7 | $ | | $ | 4.7 | |||||||
Prime |
annual | .4 | | .4 | ||||||||||
Prime |
quarterly | 2.7 | | 2.7 | ||||||||||
Prime |
monthly | 13.3 | | 13.3 | ||||||||||
Prime |
daily | | .1 | (.1 | ) | |||||||||
PLUS Index |
annual | .3 | | .3 | ||||||||||
3-month LIBOR |
quarterly | | 57.7 | (57.7 | ) | |||||||||
3-month LIBOR |
daily | | .5 | (.5 | ) | |||||||||
1-month LIBOR |
monthly | 7.2 | 44.8 | (37.6 | ) | |||||||||
1-month LIBOR |
daily | 89.3 | | 89.3 | ||||||||||
Non-Discrete reset(3) |
monthly | | 19.0 | (19.0 | ) | |||||||||
Non-Discrete reset(4) |
daily/weekly | 5.4 | .9 | 4.5 | ||||||||||
Fixed Rate(5) |
6.9 | 7.2 | (.3 | ) | ||||||||||
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Total |
$ | 130.2 | $ | 130.2 | $ | | ||||||||
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(1) | FFELP Loans of $6.8 billion ($6.5 billion LIBOR index and $0.3 billion Treasury bill index) are currently earning a fixed rate of interest as a result of the low interest rate environment. |
(2) | Funding (by index) includes all derivatives that management considers economic hedges of interest rate risk and reflects how we internally manage our interest rate exposure. |
(3) | Funding consists of auction rate ABS and FFELP and Private Education Loan-other facilities. |
(4) | Assets include restricted and unrestricted cash equivalents and other overnight type instruments. Funding includes the obligation to return cash collateral held related to derivatives exposures. |
(5) | Assets include receivables and other assets (including goodwill and acquired intangibles). Funding includes other liabilities and stockholders equity. |
We use interest rate swaps and other derivatives to achieve our risk management objectives. Our asset liability management strategy is to match assets with debt (in combination with derivatives) that have the same underlying index and reset frequency or, when economical, have interest rate characteristics that we believe are highly correlated. The use of funding with index types and reset frequencies that are different from our assets exposes us to interest rate risk in the form of basis and repricing risk. This could result in our cost of funds not moving in the same direction or with the same magnitude as the yield on our assets. While we believe this risk is low, as all of these indices are short-term with rate movements that are highly correlated over a long period of time, market disruptions (which have occurred in prior years) can lead to a temporary divergence between indices resulting in a negative impact to our earnings.
Weighted Average Life
The following table reflects the weighted average life of our earning assets and liabilities at March 31, 2016.
(Averages in Years) |
Weighted Average Life |
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Earning assets |
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Education loans |
7.2 | |||
Other loans |
8.2 | |||
Cash and investments |
.2 | |||
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Total earning assets |
6.9 | |||
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Borrowings |
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Short-term borrowings |
.4 | |||
Long-term borrowings |
6.1 | |||
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Total borrowings |
6.0 | |||
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Item 4. | Controls and Procedures |
Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Our management, with the participation of our principal executive and principal financial officers, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the Exchange Act) as of March 31, 2016. Based on this evaluation, our chief principal executive and principal financial officers concluded that, as of March 31, 2016, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is (a) recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SECs rules and forms and (b) accumulated and communicated to our management, including our chief principal executive and principal financial officers as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
No change in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) occurred during the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2016 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. | Legal Proceedings |
We and our subsidiaries and affiliates are subject to various claims, lawsuits and other actions that arise in the normal course of business. We believe that these claims, lawsuits and other actions will not, individually or in the aggregate, have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations. Most of these matters are claims including individual and class action lawsuits against our servicing and collection subsidiaries by borrowers and debtors alleging the violation of state or federal laws in connection with servicing or collection activities on their education loans and other debts.
In the ordinary course of our business, the Company, our subsidiaries and affiliates may receive information and document requests and investigative demands from state attorneys general, U.S. Attorneys, legislative committees and administrative agencies. These requests may be informational or regulatory in nature and may relate to our business practices, the industries in which we operate, or other companies with whom we conduct business. Our practice has been and continues to be to cooperate with these bodies and to be responsive to any such requests.
These inquiries and the volume of related information demands are increasing the costs and resources we must dedicate to timely respond to these requests and may, depending on their outcome, result in payments of additional amounts of restitution, fines and penalties in addition to those described below.
On March 18, 2011, an education loan borrower filed a putative class action complaint against SLM Corporation as it existed prior to the Spin-Off (Old SLM) in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California. The complaint was captioned Tina M. Ubaldi v. SLM Corporation et. al. The plaintiff brought the complaint on behalf of a putative class consisting of other similarly situated California borrowers. The complaint alleged, among other things, that Old SLMs practice of charging late fees that were proportional to the amount of missed payments constituted liquidated damages in violation of California law and that Old SLM engaged in unfair business practices by charging daily interest on private educational loans. Following additional amendments to the complaint, which added usury claims under California state law and two additional defendants (Sallie Mae, Inc., now known as Navient Solutions, Inc. (NSI), and SLM PC Student Loan Trust 2004-A), plaintiff further amended her complaint to provide for restitution of late charges and interest paid by members of the putative class, injunctive relief, cancellation of all future interest payments, treble damages as permitted by law, as well as costs and attorneys fees, among other relief. Named defendants in the case are subsidiaries of Navient and as such any liability arising from the Ubaldi litigation will remain the sole responsibility of Navient Corporation. In December 2014, the court granted plaintiffs Motion for Class Certification with regard to claims concerning late fees, but denied the motion as to the alleged usury claims. In March 2015, the Court denied the plaintiffs motion to further amend the complaint. The case is still pending. It is not possible at this time to estimate a range of potential exposure, if any, for amounts that may be payable in connection therewith.
On November 26, 2014, Marlene Blyden filed a putative class action suit in the U.S. District Court for the Central District of California against Navient Corporation, Navient, LLC, Navient Solutions, Inc., Navient Credit Finance Corporation, Navient Investment Corporation, SLM Corporation, The Bank of New York, and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A. (BNY Mellon). The amended complaint, captioned Marlene Blyden v. Navient Corporation et. al., alleges that plaintiff and members of the purported class were charged and/or paid interest at a rate above that permitted under California law. Plaintiffs Second Amended Complaint dropped SLM Corporation as a defendant, added various securitization trusts as defendants, and added claims for conversion and for money received. In July 2015, the Court granted Defendants Motions to Dismiss the Second Amended Complaint but permitted Plaintiff to make certain amendments to the complaint. Plaintiff filed a Third Amended Complaint in August 2015 which removed all of the Defendants except the SLM PC Student Loan 2003-B Trust, BNY Mellon (in its capacity as a trustee), and Navient Solutions, Inc. The remaining defendants filed a Motion to Dismiss the Third Amended Complaint which was granted on February 16, 2016. While the
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court granted leave for Plaintiff to file a further amended complaint, Plaintiff instead filed a Notice of Appeal to the Ninth Circuit on April 5, 2016, appealing the District Courts decision to dismiss the Third Amended Complaint. Allegations similar to those asserted in the Ubaldi and Blyden cases are also raised in a putative class action complaint captioned Jamie Beechum, et al. v. Navient Solutions, Inc. filed on October 21, 2015, and deemed served as of February 16, 2016. On March 30, 2016, the defendants filed a motion to dismiss the complaint. That motion is pending. It is not possible at this time to estimate a range of potential exposure, if any, for amounts that may be payable in connection with either the Blyden or Beechum lawsuits.
During the first quarter, Navient Corporation, certain Navient officers and directors, and the underwriters of certain Navient securities offerings have been sued in several putative securities class action lawsuits filed on behalf of certain investors in Navient stock or Navient unsecured debt. These cases, which were filed in the U.S. District Court for the District of Delaware, are: Menold v. Navient Corporation, et al. (filed February 11, 2016); Jagrelius v. Navient Corporation, et al. (filed February 16, 2016); and Policemens Annuity & Benefit Fund of Chicago v. Navient Corporation, et al. (filed February 26, 2016). On April 11, 2016, various plaintiffs filed Motions to Appoint Lead Counsel in the lawsuits. We expect the pending securities class actions to be consolidated, and a scheduling order to be issued once the Court has appointed a lead plaintiff and lead counsel. The Navient defendants intend to vigorously defend against the allegations in these lawsuits. At this stage in the proceedings, we are unable to anticipate the timing of resolution or the ultimate impact, if any, that the legal proceedings may have on the consolidation financial position, liquidity, results of operations or cash-flows of Navient Corporation and its affiliates.
Regulatory Matters
On May 2, 2014, Navient Solutions, Inc. (NSI), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Navient, and Sallie Mae Bank entered into consent orders, without admitting any wrongdoing, with the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (the FDIC) (respectively, the NSI Order and the Bank Order; collectively, the FDIC Orders) to settle matters related to certain cited violations of Section 5 of the Federal Trade Commission Act, including the disclosures and assessments of certain late fees, as well as alleged violations under the Servicemembers Civil Relief Act (the SCRA). The FDIC Orders, which became effective upon the signing of the consent order with the United States Department of Justice (the DOJ) by NSI and SLM BankCo on May 13, 2014, required NSI to pay $3.3 million in civil monetary penalties. NSI paid its civil monetary penalties. In addition, the FDIC Orders required the establishment of a restitution reserve account totaling $30 million to provide restitution with respect to loans owned or originated by Sallie Mae Bank, from November 28, 2005 until the effective date of the FDIC Orders. Pursuant to the Separation and Distribution Agreement among SLM Corporation, SLM BankCo and Navient dated as of April 28, 2014 (the Separation Agreement), Navient funded the restitution reserve account in May 2014.
The NSI Order also required NSI to ensure proper servicing for service members and proper application of SCRA benefits under a revised and broader definition of eligibility than previously required by the statute and regulatory guidance and to make changes to billing statements and late fee practices. These changes to billing statements and late fee practices have already been implemented. NSI also decided to voluntarily make restitution of certain late fees to all other customers whose loans were neither owned nor originated by Sallie Mae Bank. They were calculated in the same manner as that which was required under the FDIC Orders and are estimated to be $42 million. The process to refund these fees as well as amounts from the restitution fund is substantially complete.
With respect to alleged civil violations of the SCRA, NSI and Sallie Mae Bank entered into a consent order with the DOJ in May 2014. The DOJ consent order (the DOJ Order) covers all loans either owned by Sallie Mae Bank or serviced by NSI from November 28, 2005 until the effective date of the settlement. The DOJ Order required NSI to fund a $60 million settlement fund, which represents the total amount of compensation due to service members under the DOJ agreement, and to pay $55,000 in civil penalties. The DOJ Order was approved by the United States District Court in Delaware on September 29, 2014. Shortly thereafter, Navient funded the settlement fund and paid the civil money penalties pursuant to the terms of the order. On April 15, 2015, the DOJ approved the distribution plan for the settlement fund and the funds were disbursed in the second quarter of 2015.
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The total reserves established by the Company in 2013 and 2014 to cover these costs were $177 million, and as of March 31, 2016, substantially all of this amount had been paid or credited or refunded to customer accounts. The final cost of these proceedings will remain uncertain until all of the work under the various consent orders has been completed and the consent orders are lifted.
As previously disclosed, the Company and various of its subsidiaries are subject to the following investigations and inquiries:
| In December 2013, Navient received Civil Investigative Demands (CIDs) issued by the State of Illinois Office of Attorney General and the State of Washington Office of the Attorney General and multiple other state Attorneys General. According to the CIDs, the investigations were initiated to ascertain whether any practices declared to be unlawful under the Consumer Fraud and Deceptive Business Practices Act have occurred or are about to occur. |
| In April 2014, NSI received a CID from the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (the CFPB) as part of the CFPBs separate investigation regarding allegations relating to Navients disclosures and assessment of late fees and other matters. Navient has received a series of supplemental CIDs on these matters. On August 19, 2015, NSI received a letter from the CFPB notifying NSI that, in accordance with the CFPBs discretionary Notice and Opportunity to Respond and Advise (NORA) process, the CFPBs Office of Enforcement is considering recommending that the CFPB take legal action against NSI. The NORA letter relates to a previously disclosed investigation into NSIs disclosures and assessment of late fees and other matters and states that, in connection with any action, the CFPB may seek restitution, civil monetary penalties and corrective action against NSI. The Company responded to the NORA letter on September 10, 2015. |
| In November 2014, Navients subsidiary, Pioneer Credit Recovery, Inc. (Pioneer), received a CID from the CFPB as part of the CFPBs investigation regarding Pioneers activities relating to rehabilitation loans and collection of defaulted student debt. The CFPB has informed the Company that they have combined this matter with the aforementioned servicing matter. |
| In December 2014, NSI received a subpoena from the New York Department of Financial Services (the NY DFS) as part of the NY DFSs inquiry with regard to whether persons or entities have engaged in fraud or misconduct with respect to a financial product or service under New York Financial Services Law or other laws. |
We have been in discussions with each of these regulatory entities or bodies and are cooperating with these investigations, inquiries or examinations and are committed to resolving any potential concerns. It is not possible at this time to estimate a range of potential exposure, if any, for amounts that may be payable in connection with these matters and reserves have not been established.
In addition, Navient and its subsidiaries are subject to examination by the CFPB, FDIC, ED and various state agencies as part of its ordinary course of business. Items or matters similar to or different from those described above may arise during the course of those examinations. We also routinely receive inquiries or requests from various regulatory entities or bodies or government agencies concerning our business or our assets. The Company endeavors to cooperate with each such inquiry or request.
Under the terms of the Separation Agreement, Navient has agreed to be responsible and indemnify SLM BankCo for all claims, actions, damages, losses or expenses that may arise from the conduct of all activities of pre-Spin-Off SLM BankCo occurring prior to the Spin-Off other than those specifically excluded in the Separation and Distribution Agreement. As a result, all liabilities arising out of the regulatory matters mentioned above, other than fines or penalties directly levied against Sallie Mae Bank, are the responsibility of, or assumed by, Navient or one of its subsidiaries, and Navient has agreed to indemnify and hold harmless Sallie Mae and its subsidiaries, including Sallie Mae Bank, therefrom. Navient has no additional reserves related to indemnification matters with SLM BankCo as of March 31, 2016.
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OIG Audit
The Office of the Inspector General (the OIG) of ED commenced an audit regarding Special Allowance Payments (SAP) on September 10, 2007. On September 25, 2013, we received the final audit determination of Federal Student Aid (the Final Audit Determination) on the final audit report issued by the OIG on August 3, 2009 related to this audit. The Final Audit Determination concurred with the final audit report issued by the OIG and instructed us to make adjustment to our government billing to reflect the policy determination. Navient remains in active discussions with ED on this matter and we also have the right to appeal the Final Audit Determination to the Administrative Actions and Appeals Service Group of ED. The period to file an appeal in this matter has not expired. We continue to believe that our SAP billing practices were proper, considering then-existing ED guidance and lack of applicable regulations. The Company established a reserve for this matter in 2014 as part of the total reserve for pending regulatory matters discussed previously.
Item 1A. | Risk Factors |
There have been no material changes from the risk factors previously disclosed in our 2015 Form 10-K.
Item 2. | Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds |
Share Repurchases
The following table provides information relating to our purchase of shares of our common stock in the three months ended March 31, 2016.
Total Number of Shares Purchased(1) |
Average Price Paid per Share |
Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs(2) |
Approximate Dollar Value of Shares That May Yet Be Purchased Under Publicly Announced Plans or Programs(2) |
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(In millions, except per share data) |
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Period: |
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January 1 January 31, 2016 |
6.0 | $ | 10.12 | 5.9 | $ | 695 | ||||||||||
February 1 February 29, 2016 |
7.9 | 9.60 | 7.0 | $ | 629 | |||||||||||
March 1 March 31, 2016 |
6.3 | 11.66 | 6.3 | $ | 555 | |||||||||||
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Total first-quarter 2016 |
20.2 | $ | 10.40 | 19.2 | ||||||||||||
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(1) | The total number of shares purchased includes: (i) shares purchased under the stock repurchase program discussed below, and (ii) shares of our common stock tendered to us to satisfy the exercise price in connection with cashless exercise of stock options, and tax withholding obligations in connection with exercise of stock options and vesting of restricted stock and restricted stock units. |
(2) | In 2015, our board of directors authorized us to purchase up to $1.7 billion of shares of our common stock. |
The closing price of our common stock on the NASDAQ Global Select Market on March 31, 2016 was $11.97.
Item 3. | Defaults upon Senior Securities |
Nothing to report.
Item 4. | Mine Safety Disclosures |
Nothing to report.
Item 5. | Other Information |
Nothing to report.
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Item 6. | Exhibits |
The following exhibits are furnished or filed, as applicable:
10.1* | Form of Navient Corporation 2014 Omnibus Incentive Plan Performance Stock Unit Agreement. | |
10.2* | Form of Navient Corporation 2014 Omnibus Incentive Plan Restricted Stock Agreement. | |
10.3* | Form of Navient Corporation 2014 Omnibus Incentive Plan Restricted Stock Unit Agreement. | |
10.4* | Form of Navient Corporation 2014 Omnibus Incentive Plan Stock Option Agreement. | |
12.1* | Computation of Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges and Preferred Stock Dividends. | |
31.1* | Certification Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | |
31.2* | Certification Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | |
32.1** | Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | |
32.2** | Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | |
101.INS* | XBRL Instance Document. | |
101.SCH* | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document. | |
101.CAL* | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document. | |
101.DEF* | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document. | |
101.LAB* | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document. | |
101.PRE* | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document. |
| Management Contract or Compensatory Plan or Arrangement |
* | Filed herewith |
** | Furnished herewith |
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.
NAVIENT CORPORATION (Registrant) | ||
By: | /S/ SOMSAK CHIVAVIBUL | |
Somsak Chivavibul Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) |
Date: April 28, 2016
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Exhibit 10.1
Navient Corporation 2014 Omnibus Incentive Plan
Performance Stock Unit Agreement
Pursuant to the terms and conditions of the Navient Corporation 2014 Omnibus Incentive Plan (the Plan), the Compensation and Personnel Committee (the Committee) of the Navient Corporation Board of Directors (Board) hereby grants to (the Grantee) on February 3, 2016 (the Grant Date) an award (the Award) of shares of Performance Stock Units (PSUs), which represent the right to acquire shares of common stock of Navient Corporation (the Corporation) subject to the following terms and conditions of this Performance Stock Unit Agreement (the Agreement):
1. | Vesting Schedule. Unless vested earlier as set forth below, the PSUs will vest, and will be settled in shares of the Corporations common stock, based on the following vesting terms: |
| Subject to the other provisions of this Section 1, a specified percentage of the total PSUs granted shall vest based on the Corporations performance for fiscal years 2016, 2017 and 2018 in the aggregate, as shown in the following performance chart: |
Performance Metric |
Weight | Percentage of PSUs Vesting | ||||||||||
0% |
50% | 100% | 150% | |||||||||
Net Student Loan Cash Flows |
50 | % | Less than $7.5 billion | $7.5 billion | $7.8 billion | $8.6 billion or greater | ||||||
Cumulative Revenue From Growth Businesses |
30 | % | Less than $520 million | $520 million | $665 million | $775 million or greater | ||||||
Strategic Objectives |
20 | % | Determined by the Committee |
* | For points between each performance level, the vesting percentages will be interpolated. |
| If compensation paid to the Grantee might be subject to the tax deduction limitations of Section 162(m) of the Internal Revenue Code (Section 162(m)), vesting of the PSUs is contingent upon certification by the Committee that the applicable Section 162(m) performance targets (as pre-determined by the Committee) have been met on or prior to the applicable vesting event; provided, however, that in no event will the conversion of the PSUs into shares of the Corporations common stock occur after the end of the calendar year following the calendar year in which ends the performance period described in this Section 1. |
| Each vested PSU will be settled in shares of the Corporations common stock. PSUs shall vest on the second business day after the Corporations annual report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year 2018 is filed, and in no event later than March 15, 2019. |
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| Net Student Loan Cash Flows shall mean the Corporations aggregate cash flows net of secured borrowings from student loans realized for the fiscal years 2016, 2017 and 2018, including student loan cash flows realized from new acquisitions, but excluding the impact of cash flows for fiscal years beyond 2018 that are accelerated through securitizing or pledging unencumbered students loans, or through loan sales. |
| Cumulative Revenue from Growth Businesses shall mean that portion of the Corporations aggregate revenue for the fiscal years 2016, 2017, and 2018 derived from products and services in existing and new business lines that have been targeted for long-run growth, as identified by management and approved by the Committee. |
| Strategic Objectives shall mean those qualitative business objectives identified by management and approved by the Committee. |
2. | Employment Termination; Death; Disability. Except as provided below, if the Grantee voluntarily ceases to be an employee of the Corporation (or a Subsidiary) for any reason, or his or her employment is terminated by the Corporation (or a Subsidiary) for Misconduct or cause, as determined by the Corporation in its sole discretion, he/she shall forfeit any portion of the Award that has not vested as of the date of such termination of employment. For purposes of this Agreement, Misconduct is defined as an act of embezzlement, fraud, dishonesty, nonpayment of any obligation owed to the Corporation (or a Subsidiary), breach of fiduciary duty or deliberate disregard of Corporation (or Subsidiary) rules; an unauthorized disclosure of any Corporation (or Subsidiary) trade secret or confidential information; any conduct constituting unfair competition; inducing any customer of the Corporation (or a Subsidiary) to breach a contract with the Corporation (or a Subsidiary) or any principal for whom the Corporation (or a Subsidiary) acts as agent to terminate such agency relationship; or engaging in any other act or conduct proscribed by the senior human resources officer as Misconduct. |
If not previously vested, the Award will continue to vest, and will be settled in shares of the Corporations common stock, subject to the original performance goals and performance period set forth above, and on the original vesting terms and vesting dates set forth above, in the event that the Grantees employment is terminated by the Corporation (or a Subsidiary) for any reason other than for Misconduct or cause, as determined by the Corporation in its sole discretion. |
If not previously vested, a portion of the Award (as determined below) will continue to vest, and will be settled in shares of the Corporations common stock, subject to the original performance goals and performance period set forth above, and on the original vesting terms and vesting dates set forth above, in the event that the Grantee voluntarily ceases to be an employee of the Corporation (or a Subsidiary) and meets the Corporations retirement eligibility requirements under the Corporations then current retirement eligibility policy, which shall be determined by the Corporation in its sole discretion. For purposes of the immediately preceding sentence: (i) the entire Award will continue to vest if the Grantee ceases employment on or after the third anniversary of the Grant Date; (ii) two-thirds of the Award will continue to vest if the Grantee ceases employment on or after the second anniversary (but before the third anniversary) of the |
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Grant Date; (iii) one-third of the Award will continue to vest if the Grantee ceases employment on or after the first anniversary (but before the second anniversary) of the Grant Date; and (iv) no portion of the Award will vest if the Grantee ceases employment before the first anniversary of the Grant Date. |
If not previously vested, the Award will vest, and will be settled in shares of the Corporations common stock, at the target levels set forth above, upon death or Disability (provided that such Disability qualifies as a disability within the meaning of Treasury Regulation Section 1.409A-3(i)(4)). |
The Award shall be forfeited upon termination of employment due to Misconduct or cause, as determined by the Corporation in its sole discretion. |
Notwithstanding anything stated herein, the Plan or in the Navient Corporation Change in Control Severance Plan for Senior Officers, this Award shall not be subject to the terms set forth in the Navient Corporation Change in Control Severance Plan for Senior Officers. |
3. | Change in Control. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement: |
| In the event of a Change in Control in which the acquiring or surviving company in the transaction does not assume or continue outstanding Awards upon the Change in Control, then any portion of the Award that is not vested shall vest at the 100% target level set forth in the vesting schedules herein; provided, however, the settlement of the accelerated portion of the PSUs into shares of the Corporations common stock (i.e., the settlement of the Award) will nevertheless be made at the same time or times as if such PSUs had vested in accordance with the vesting schedule set forth in Section 1 or, if earlier, upon the termination of Grantees employment for reasons other than Misconduct or cause, as determined by the Corporation in its sole discretion. |
| If Grantees employment shall terminate within twenty-four months following a Change in Control for any reason other than (i) by the Corporation (or a Subsidiary) for Misconduct or cause, as determined by the Corporation in its sole discretion, or (ii) by Grantees voluntary termination of employment that is not a Termination of Employment for Good Reason, as defined in the Change in Control Severance Plan for Senior Officers, any portion of the Award not previously vested shall immediately become vested at the 100% target level set forth in the vesting schedules herein, and shall be settled in shares of the Corporations common stock, upon such employment termination. |
4. | Taxes; Dividends. The Grantee of the Award shall make such arrangements as may reasonably be required by the Corporation, including transferring a sufficient number of shares of the Corporations stock, to satisfy the income and employment tax withholding requirements that accrue upon the Award becoming vested or, if applicable, settled in shares of the Corporations common stock (by approving this Agreement, the Committee |
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hereby approves the transfer of such shares to the Corporation for purposes of SEC Rule 16b-3). Dividends declared on an unvested Award will not be paid currently. Instead, amounts equal to such dividends will be credited to an account established on behalf of the Grantee and such amounts will be deemed to be invested in additional shares of the Corporations common stock (Dividend Equivalents). Such Dividend Equivalents will be subject to the same vesting schedule to which the Award is subject. Upon vesting of any portion of the Award, the amount of Dividend Equivalents allocable to such Award (and any fractional share amount) will also vest and will be converted into shares of the Corporations common stock (provided that any fractional share amount shall be paid in cash). |
5. | Section 409A. For purposes of Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code, the regulations and other guidance thereunder and any state law of similar effect (collectively Section 409A), each payment and benefit payable under this Agreement is hereby designated as a separate payment. The parties intend that all PSUs provided under this Agreement and shares issuable hereunder comply with the requirements of Section 409A so that none of the payments or benefits will be subject to the adverse tax penalties imposed under Section 409A, and any ambiguities herein will be interpreted to so comply. Notwithstanding anything in the Plan or this Agreement to the contrary, if the vesting of the balance, or some lesser portion of the balance, of the PSUs is to be accelerated in connection with the Grantees termination of service, such accelerated PSUs will not be settled by virtue of such acceleration until and unless the Grantee has a separation from service within the meaning of Section Treasury Regulation 1-409A-1(h), as determined by the Corporation, in its sole discretion. Further, and notwithstanding anything in the Plan or this Agreement to the contrary, if (x) any of the PSUs to be provided in connection with the Grantees separation from service do not qualify for any reason to be exempt from Section 409A, (y) the Grantee is, at the time of such separation from service, a specified employee (as defined in Treasury Regulation Section 1.409A-1(i)) and (z) the settlement of such PSUs would result in the imposition of additional tax under Section 409A if such settlement occurs on or within the six (6) month period following the Grantees separation from service, then, to the extent necessary to avoid the imposition of such additional taxation, the settlement of any such PSUs during such six (6) month period will accrue and will not be settled until the date six (6) months and one (1) day following the date of the Grantees separation from service and on such date (or, if earlier, the date of the Grantees death), such PSUs will be settled. |
6. | Clawback Provision. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, if the Board of Directors of the Corporation, or an appropriate committee thereof, determines that, any material misstatement of financial results or a performance metric criteria has occurred as a result of the Grantees conduct or the Grantee has committed a material violation of corporate policy or has committed fraud or Misconduct, and the Grantee at the time of such violation, fraud or Misconduct (or at any time thereafter) was an officer of the Corporation (or its subsidiaries) at the Senior Vice President level or above, then the Board or committee shall consider all factors, with particular scrutiny when one of the top 20 members of management are involved, and the Board or such committee, may in |
4
its sole discretion require reimbursement of any compensation resulting from the vesting, exercise or settlement of Options and/or Restricted Stock/PSUs and the cancellation of any outstanding Options and/or Restricted Stock/PSUs from the Grantee (whether or not such individual is currently employed by the Corporation (or its subsidiaries)) during the three-year period following the date the Board first learns of the violation, fraud or Misconduct. |
7. | Securities Law Compliance. The Corporation may impose such restrictions, conditions or limitations as it determines appropriate as to the timing and manner of any transfer or sale by the Grantee of any shares of Common Stock, including without limitation (a) restrictions under an insider trading policy and (b) restrictions that may be necessary in the absence of an effective registration statement under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, covering the shares of the Corporations common stock. The sale of the shares must also comply with other applicable laws and regulations governing the sale of such shares. |
8. | Data Privacy. As an essential term of this award, the Grantee consents to the collection, use and transfer, in electronic or other form, of personal data as described herein for the exclusive purpose of implementing, administering and managing Grantees participation in the Plan. By accepting this award, the Grantee acknowledges that the Corporation holds certain personal information about the Grantee, including, but not limited to, name, home address and telephone number, date of birth, social security number or other identification number, salary, tax rates and amounts, nationality, job title, any shares of stock held in the Corporation, details of all options or any other entitlement to shares of stock awarded, canceled, exercised, vested, unvested or outstanding, for the purpose of implementing, administering and managing the Plan (Data). Grantee acknowledges that Data may be transferred to any third parties assisting in the implementation, administration and management of the Plan, that these recipients may be located in jurisdictions that may have different data privacy laws and protections, and Grantee authorizes the recipients to receive, possess, use, retain and transfer the Data, in electronic or other form, for the purposes of implementing, administering and managing the Plan, including any requisite transfer of such Data as may be required to a broker or other third party with whom the Grantee or the Corporation may elect to deposit any shares of the Corporations common stock. Grantee acknowledges that Data may be held to implement, administer and manage the Grantees participation in the Plan as determined by the Corporation, and that Grantee may request additional information about the storage and processing of Data, require any necessary amendments to Data or refuse or withdraw the consents herein, in any case without cost, provided however, that refusing or withdrawing Grantees consent may adversely affect Grantees ability to participate in the Plan. |
9. | Electronic Delivery. The Corporation may, in its sole discretion, decide to deliver any documents related to any awards granted under the Plan by electronic means or to request Grantees consent to participate in the Plan by electronic means. Grantee hereby consents to receive such documents by electronic delivery and, if requested, to agree to participate in the Plan through an on-line or electronic system established and maintained by the |
5
Corporation or another third party designated by the Corporation, and such consent shall remain in effect throughout Grantees term of service with the Corporation (or one of its subsidiaries) and thereafter until withdrawn in writing by Grantee. |
10. | Board Interpretation. The Grantee hereby agrees to accept as binding, conclusive, and final all decisions and interpretations of the Board and, where applicable, the Committee concerning any questions arising under this Agreement or the Plan. |
11. | No Right to Continued Employment. Nothing in the Plan, in this Agreement or any other instrument executed pursuant thereto or hereto shall confer upon the Grantee any right to continued employment with the Corporation or any of its subsidiaries or affiliates. |
12. | Amendments for Accounting Charges. The Committee reserves the right to unilaterally amend this Agreement to reflect any changes in applicable law or financial accounting standards. |
13. | Governing Law. This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware, without giving effect to principles of conflicts of law. |
14. | Notices. All notices, requests, demands and other communications under this Agreement shall be in writing and shall be deemed to have been duly given if personally delivered, telefaxed or telecopied to, or, if mailed, when received by, the other party at the following addresses: |
If to the Corporation to:
Navient Corporation
Attn: Human Resources, Equity Plan Administration
123 Justison Street
Wilmington, DE 19801
If to the Grantee, to (i) the last address maintained in the Corporations Human Resources files for the Grantee or (ii) the Grantees mail delivery code or place of work at the Corporation (or its subsidiaries). |
15. | Plan Controls; Entire Agreement; Capitalized Terms. In the event of any conflict between the provisions of this Agreement and the provisions of the Plan, the terms of the Plan control, except as expressly stated otherwise herein. This Agreement and the Plan together set forth the entire agreement and understanding between the parties as to the subject matter hereof and supersede all prior oral and written and all contemporaneous or subsequent oral discussions, agreements and understandings of any kind or nature. Capitalized terms not defined herein shall have the meanings as described in the Plan. |
16. | Miscellaneous. In the event that any provision of this Agreement is declared to be illegal, invalid or otherwise unenforceable by a court of competent jurisdiction, such provision shall be reformed, if possible, to the extent necessary to render it legal, valid and |
6
enforceable, or otherwise deleted, and the remainder of this Agreement shall not be affected except to the extent necessary to reform or delete such illegal, invalid or unenforceable provision. The headings in this Agreement are solely for convenience of reference, and shall not constitute a part of this Agreement, nor shall they affect its meaning, construction or effect. The Grantee shall cooperate and take such actions as may be reasonably requested by the Corporation in order to carry out the provisions and purposes of the Agreement. The Grantee is responsible for complying with all laws applicable to Grantee, including federal and state securities reporting laws. |
NAVIENT CORPORATION | ||
By: | ||
Jack Remondi | ||
President and Chief Executive Officer | ||
Accepted by: | ||
Date |
7
Exhibit 10.2
Navient Corporation 2014 Omnibus Incentive Plan
Independent Director Restricted Stock Agreement
Pursuant to the terms and conditions of the Navient Corporation 2014 Omnibus Incentive Plan (the Plan), Navient Corporation (the Corporation) hereby grants to (the Grantee) shares of common stock of the Corporation, par value $0.01 (the Restricted Stock), on February 3, 2016 (the Grant Date) subject to the terms and conditions below. All capitalized terms used herein that are not defined shall have the meanings as set forth in the Plan.
| 100 percent of the Restricted Stock is subject to a risk of forfeiture and is non-transferable on the Grant Date. |
| Upon the Grantees election to the Board of Directors of the Corporation at the 2016 annual meeting of shareholders, currently scheduled for May 26, 2016 (the Vesting Event), 100 percent of the Restricted Stock will vest and become transferable unless vested earlier as set forth below. |
| The Restricted Stock will vest and become transferable prior to the Vesting Event upon any of the following events: (i) the Grantees death or Disability or (ii) upon a Change in Control. |
| 100 percent of the Restricted Stock will be forfeited if (i) the Grantee is no longer a director of the Corporations Board of Directors prior to the Vesting Event for reasons other than death, Disability (as defined below), or a Change in Control or (ii) the Vesting Event does not occur for any reason. |
| The Restricted Stock will be held in an account in the Grantees name at the Corporations transfer agent, currently Computershare. The Grantee is entitled to vote the shares of Restricted Stock. |
| Dividends declared on unvested shares of Restricted Stock will not be paid currently. Instead, amounts equal to such dividends will be credited to an account established on behalf of the Grantee and such amounts will be deemed to be invested in additional shares of the Corporations common stock (Dividend Equivalents). Such Dividend Equivalents will be subject to the same vesting schedule to which the Restricted Stock is subject. At the time that the underlying Restricted Stock vests, the amount of Dividend Equivalents allocable to such Restricted Stock will also vest and will be settled in shares of the Corporations common stock (provided that any fractional share amount shall be paid in cash). Dividend Equivalents declared on unvested shares of Restricted Stock are not subject to income tax until vesting, at which time they are taxed as ordinary income. |
| The Corporation may impose such restrictions, conditions or limitations as it determines appropriate as to the timing and manner of any transfer or sale by the Grantee of any shares of Common Stock, including without limitation (a) restrictions |
1
under an insider trading policy and (b) restrictions that may be necessary in the absence of an effective registration statement under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, covering the shares of the Corporations common stock. The sale of the shares must also comply with other applicable laws and regulations governing the sale of such shares. |
| As an essential term of this award, the Grantee consents to the collection, use and transfer, in electronic or other form, of personal data as described herein for the exclusive purpose of implementing, administering and managing Grantees participation in the Plan. By accepting this award, the Grantee acknowledges that the Corporation holds certain personal information about the Grantee, including, but not limited to, name, home address and telephone number, date of birth, social security number or other identification number, salary, tax rates and amounts, nationality, job title, any shares of stock held in the Corporation, details of all options or any other entitlement to shares of stock awarded, canceled, exercised, vested, unvested or outstanding, for the purpose of implementing, administering and managing the Plan (Data). Grantee acknowledges that Data may be transferred to any third parties assisting in the implementation, administration and management of the Plan, that these recipients may be located in jurisdictions that may have different data privacy laws and protections, and Grantee authorizes the recipients to receive, possess, use, retain and transfer the Data, in electronic or other form, for the purposes of implementing, administering and managing the Plan, including any requisite transfer of such Data as may be required to a broker or other third party with whom the Grantee or the Corporation may elect to deposit any shares of the Corporations common stock. Grantee acknowledges that Data may be held to implement, administer and manage the Grantees participation in the Plan as determined by the Corporation, and that Grantee may request additional information about the storage and processing of Data, require any necessary amendments to Data or refuse or withdraw the consents herein, in any case without cost, provided however, that refusing or withdrawing Grantees consent may adversely affect Grantees ability to participate in the Plan. |
| The Corporation may, in its sole discretion, decide to deliver any documents related to any awards granted under the Plan by electronic means or to request Grantees consent to participate in the Plan by electronic means. Grantee hereby consents to receive such documents by electronic delivery and, if requested, to agree to participate in the Plan through an on-line or electronic system established and maintained by the Corporation or another third party designated by the Corporation, and such consent shall remain in effect throughout Grantees term of service with the Corporation and thereafter until withdrawn in writing by Grantee. |
| Disability means the absence of the Grantee from the Corporations Board of Directors duties for 180 consecutive days as a result of incapacity due to mental or physical illness which is determined to be total and permanent by a physician selected by the Corporation or its insurers and reasonably acceptable to the Grantee or the Grantees legal representative. |
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| The Grantee hereby agrees to accept as binding, conclusive, and final all decisions and interpretations of the Board and, where applicable, the Committee concerning any questions arising under this Agreement or the Plan. |
| Nothing in the Plan, in this Agreement or any other instrument executed pursuant thereto or hereto shall confer upon the Grantee any right to continued service on the Board. |
| The Board and/or the Committee reserves the right to unilaterally amend this Agreement to reflect any changes in applicable law or financial accounting standards. |
| This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware, without giving effect to principles of conflicts of law. |
| All notices, requests, demands and other communications under this Agreement shall be in writing and shall be deemed to have been duly given if personally delivered, telefaxed or telecopied to, or, if mailed, when received by, the other party at the following addresses: |
If to the Corporation to:
Navient Corporation
Attn: Human Resources, Equity Plan Administration
123 Justison Street
Wilmington, DE 19801
If to the Grantee, to the last address maintained in the Corporations files for the Grantee. |
| In the event of any conflict between the provisions of this Agreement and the provisions of the Plan, the terms of the Plan control, except as expressly stated otherwise herein. This Agreement and the Plan together set forth the entire agreement and understanding between the parties as to the subject matter hereof and supersede all prior oral and written and all contemporaneous or subsequent oral discussions, agreements and understandings of any kind or nature. Capitalized terms not defined herein shall have the meanings as described in the Plan. |
| In the event that any provision of this Agreement is declared to be illegal, invalid or otherwise unenforceable by a court of competent jurisdiction, such provision shall be reformed, if possible, to the extent necessary to render it legal, valid and enforceable, or otherwise deleted, and the remainder of this Agreement shall not be affected except to the extent necessary to reform or delete such illegal, invalid or unenforceable provision. The headings in this Agreement are solely for convenience of reference, and shall not constitute a part of this Agreement, nor shall they affect its meaning, construction or effect. The Grantee shall cooperate and take such actions as may be reasonably requested by the Corporation in order to carry out the provisions and purposes of the Agreement. The Grantee is responsible for complying with all laws applicable to Grantee, including federal and state securities reporting laws. |
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NAVIENT CORPORATION | ||
By: | ||
Jack Remondi | ||
President and Chief Executive Officer | ||
Accepted by: | ||
Date |
4
Exhibit 10.3
Navient Corporation 2014 Omnibus Incentive Plan
Restricted Stock Unit Agreement
Pursuant to the terms and conditions of the Navient Corporation 2014 Omnibus Incentive Plan (the Plan), the Compensation and Personnel Committee (the Committee) of the Navient Corporation Board of Directors (the Board) hereby grants to (the Grantee) on February 3, 2016 (the Grant Date) an award (the Award) of Restricted Stock Units (RSUs), which represent the right to acquire shares of common stock of Navient Corporation (the Corporation) subject to the following terms and conditions of this Restricted Stock Unit Agreement (the Agreement):
1. | Vesting Schedule. Unless vested earlier as set forth below, the Award will vest, and will be converted into shares of common stock, in one-third increments the first, second, and third anniversary of the Grant Date. |
2. | Employment Termination; Death; Disability. Except as provided below, if the Grantee voluntarily ceases to be an employee of the Corporation (or a Subsidiary) for any reason or his or her employment is terminated by the Corporation (or a Subsidiary) for Misconduct or cause, as determined by the Corporation in its sole discretion, he/she shall forfeit any portion of the Award that has not vested as of the date of such termination of employment. For purposes of this Agreement, Misconduct is defined as an act of embezzlement, fraud, dishonesty, nonpayment of any obligation owed to the Corporation (or a Subsidiary), breach of fiduciary duty or deliberate disregard of Corporation (or Subsidiary) rules; an unauthorized disclosure of any Corporation (or Subsidiary) trade secret or confidential information; any conduct constituting unfair competition; inducing any customer of the Corporation (or a Subsidiary) to breach a contract with the Corporation (or a Subsidiary) or any principal for whom the Corporation (or a Subsidiary) acts as agent to terminate such agency relationship; or engaging in any other act or conduct proscribed by the senior human resources officer as Misconduct. |
If not previously vested, the Award will continue to vest, and will be converted into shares of common stock, on the original vesting terms and vesting dates set forth above in the event that (i) the Grantees employment is terminated by the Corporation (or a Subsidiary) for any reason other than for Misconduct or cause, as determined by the Corporation in its sole discretion, or (ii) the Grantee voluntarily ceases to be an employee of the Corporation (or a Subsidiary) and meets the Corporations retirement eligibility requirements under the Corporations retirement eligibility policy in effect as of the Grant Date, which shall be determined by the Corporation in its sole discretion. |
If not previously vested, the Award will vest, and will be converted into shares of common stock, upon death or Disability (provided that such Disability qualifies as a disability within the meaning of Treasury Regulation Section 1.409A-3(i)(4)). |
The Award shall be forfeited upon termination of employment due to Misconduct or cause, as determined by the Corporation in its sole discretion. |
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Notwithstanding anything stated herein, the Plan or in the Navient Corporation Change in Control Severance Plan for Senior Officers, this Award shall not be subject to the terms set forth in the Navient Corporation Change in Control Severance Plan for Senior Officers. |
3. | Change in Control. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement: |
(a) | In the event of a Change in Control in which the acquiring or surviving company in the transaction does not assume or continue outstanding Awards upon the Change in Control, then any portion of the Award that is not vested shall become 100 percent vested; provided, however, the conversion of the accelerated portion of the RSUs into shares of common stock (i.e., the settlement of the Award) will nevertheless be made at the same time or times as if such RSUs had vested in accordance with the vesting schedule set forth in Section 1 or, if earlier, upon the termination of Grantees employment for reasons other than Misconduct. |
(b) | If Grantees employment shall terminate within twenty-four months following a Change in Control for any reason other than (i) by the Corporation (or a Subsidiary) for Misconduct or cause, as determined by the Corporation in its sole discretion, or (ii) by Grantees voluntary termination of employment that is not a Termination of Employment for Good Reason, as defined in the Change in Control Severance Plan for Senior Officers (if applicable to the Grantee), any portion of the Award not previously vested shall immediately become vested, and shall be converted into shares of common stock, upon such employment termination. |
4. | Taxes; Dividends. The Grantee of the Award shall make such arrangements as may reasonably be required by the Corporation, including transferring a sufficient number of shares of the Corporations stock, to satisfy the income and employment tax withholding requirements that accrue upon the Award becoming vested or, if applicable, settled in shares of the Corporations common stock (by approving this Agreement, the Committee hereby approves the transfer of such shares to the Corporation for purposes of SEC Rule 16b-3). Dividends declared on an unvested Award will not be paid currently. Instead, amounts equal to such dividends will be credited to an account established on behalf of the Grantee and such amounts will be deemed to be invested in additional shares of the Corporations common stock (Dividend Equivalents). Such Dividend Equivalents will be subject to the same vesting schedule to which the Award is subject. Upon vesting of any portion of the Award, the amount of Dividend Equivalents allocable to such Award (and any fractional share amount) will also vest and will be converted into shares of the Corporations common stock (provided that any fractional share amount shall be paid in cash). |
5. | Section 409A. For purposes of Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code, the regulations and other guidance thereunder and any state law of similar effect (collectively Section 409A), each payment and benefit payable under this Agreement is hereby designated as a separate payment. The parties intend that all RSUs provided under this Agreement and shares issuable hereunder comply with or be exempt from the |
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requirements of Section 409A so that none of the payments or benefits will be subject to the adverse tax penalties imposed under Section 409A, and any ambiguities herein will be interpreted to so comply. Notwithstanding anything in the Plan or this Agreement to the contrary, if the vesting of the balance, or some lesser portion of the balance, of the RSUs is to be accelerated in connection with the Grantees termination of service, such accelerated RSUs will not be settled by virtue of such acceleration until and unless the Grantee has a separation from service within the meaning of Section Treasury Regulation 1-409A-1(h), as determined by the Corporation, in its sole discretion. Further, and notwithstanding anything in the Plan or this Agreement to the contrary, if (x) any of the RSUs to be provided in connection with the Grantees separation from service do not qualify for any reason to be exempt from Section 409A, (y) the Grantee is, at the time of such separation from service, a specified employee (as defined in Treasury Regulation Section 1.409A-1(i)) and (z) the settlement of such RSUs would result in the imposition of additional tax under Section 409A if such settlement occurs on or within the six (6) month period following the Grantees separation from service, then, to the extent necessary to avoid the imposition of such additional taxation, the settlement of any such RSUs during such six (6) month period will accrue and will not be settled until the date six (6) months and one (1) day following the date of the Grantees separation from service and on such date (or, if earlier, the date of the Grantees death), such RSUs will be settled. |
6. | Clawback Provision. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, if the Board of Directors of the Corporation, or an appropriate committee thereof, determines that, any material misstatement of financial results or a performance metric criteria has occurred as a result of the Grantees conduct or the Grantee has committed a material violation of corporate policy or has committed fraud or Misconduct, then the Board or committee shall consider all factors, with particular scrutiny when one of the top 20 members of management are involved, and the Board or such committee, may in its sole discretion require reimbursement of any compensation resulting from the vesting, exercise or settlement of Options and/or Restricted Stock/RSUs and the cancellation of any outstanding Options and/or Restricted Stock/RSUs from the Grantee (whether or not such individual is currently employed by the Corporation) during the three-year period following the date the Board first learns of the violation, fraud or Misconduct. |
7. | Securities Law Compliance. The Corporation may impose such restrictions, conditions or limitations as it determines appropriate as to the timing and manner of any transfer or sale by the Grantee of any shares of the Corporations common stock, including without limitation (a) restrictions under an insider trading policy and (b) restrictions that may be necessary in the absence of an effective registration statement under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, covering the shares of the Corporations common stock. The sale of the shares must also comply with other applicable laws and regulations governing the sale of such shares. |
8. | Data Privacy. As an essential term of this award, the Grantee consents to the collection, use and transfer, in electronic or other form, of personal data as described herein for the exclusive purpose of implementing, administering and managing Grantees participation in the Plan. By accepting this award, the Grantee acknowledges that the Corporation |
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holds certain personal information about the Grantee, including, but not limited to, name, home address and telephone number, date of birth, social security number or other identification number, salary, tax rates and amounts, nationality, job title, any shares of stock held in the Corporation, details of all options or any other entitlement to shares of stock awarded, canceled, exercised, vested, unvested or outstanding, for the purpose of implementing, administering and managing the Plan (Data). Grantee acknowledges that Data may be transferred to any third parties assisting in the implementation, administration and management of the Plan, that these recipients may be located in jurisdictions that may have different data privacy laws and protections, and Grantee authorizes the recipients to receive, possess, use, retain and transfer the Data, in electronic or other form, for the purposes of implementing, administering and managing the Plan, including any requisite transfer of such Data as may be required to a broker or other third party with whom the Grantee or the Corporation may elect to deposit any shares of the Corporations common stock. Grantee acknowledges that Data may be held to implement, administer and manage the Grantees participation in the Plan as determined by the Corporation, and that Grantee may request additional information about the storage and processing of Data, require any necessary amendments to Data or refuse or withdraw the consents herein, in any case without cost, provided however, that refusing or withdrawing Grantees consent may adversely affect Grantees ability to participate in the Plan. |
9. | Electronic Delivery. The Corporation may, in its sole discretion, decide to deliver any documents related to any awards granted under the Plan by electronic means or to request Grantees consent to participate in the Plan by electronic means. Grantee hereby consents to receive such documents by electronic delivery and, if requested, to agree to participate in the Plan through an on-line or electronic system established and maintained by the Corporation or another third party designated by the Corporation, and such consent shall remain in effect throughout Grantees term of service with the Corporation (or its subsidiaries) and thereafter until withdrawn in writing by Grantee. |
10. | Board Interpretation. The Grantee hereby agrees to accept as binding, conclusive, and final all decisions and interpretations of the Board and, where applicable, the Committee concerning any questions arising under this Agreement or the Plan. |
11. | No Right to Continued Employment. Nothing in the Plan, in this Agreement or any other instrument executed pursuant thereto or hereto shall confer upon the Grantee any right to continued employment with the Corporation or any of its subsidiaries or affiliates. |
12. | Amendments for Accounting Charges. The Committee reserves the right to unilaterally amend this Agreement to reflect any changes in applicable law or financial accounting standards. |
13. | Governing Law. This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware, without giving effect to principles of conflicts of law. |
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14. | Notices. All notices, requests, demands and other communications under this Agreement shall be in writing and shall be deemed to have been duly given if personally delivered, telefaxed or telecopied to, or, if mailed, when received by, the other party at the following addresses: |
If to the Corporation to:
Navient Corporation
Attn: Human Resources, Equity Plan Administration
123 Justison Street
Wilmington, DE 19801
If to the Grantee, to (i) the last address maintained in the Corporations Human Resources files for the Grantee or (ii) the Grantees mail delivery code or place of work at the Corporation (or its subsidiaries). |
15. | Plan Controls; Entire Agreement; Capitalized Terms. In the event of any conflict between the provisions of this Agreement and the provisions of the Plan, the terms of the Plan control, except as expressly stated otherwise herein. This Agreement and the Plan together set forth the entire agreement and understanding between the parties as to the subject matter hereof and supersede all prior oral and written and all contemporaneous or subsequent oral discussions, agreements and understandings of any kind or nature. Capitalized terms not defined herein shall have the meanings as described in the Plan. |
16. | Miscellaneous. In the event that any provision of this Agreement is declared to be illegal, invalid or otherwise unenforceable by a court of competent jurisdiction, such provision shall be reformed, if possible, to the extent necessary to render it legal, valid and enforceable, or otherwise deleted, and the remainder of this Agreement shall not be affected except to the extent necessary to reform or delete such illegal, invalid or unenforceable provision. The headings in this Agreement are solely for convenience of reference, and shall not constitute a part of this Agreement, nor shall they affect its meaning, construction or effect. The Grantee shall cooperate and take such actions as may be reasonably requested by the Corporation in order to carry out the provisions and purposes of the Agreement. The Grantee is responsible for complying with all laws applicable to Grantee, including federal and state securities reporting laws. |
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NAVIENT CORPORATION | ||
By: | ||
Jack Remondi | ||
President and Chief Executive Officer | ||
Accepted by: | ||
Date |
6
Exhibit 10.4
Navient Corporation 2014 Omnibus Incentive Plan
Stock Option Agreement
A. | Option Grant. Net-Settled Stock Options (the Options) to purchase a total of shares of Common Stock, par value $.01 per share, of Navient Corporation (the Corporation) are hereby granted to (the Grantee), subject in all respects to the terms and provisions of the Navient Corporation 2014 Omnibus Incentive Plan (the Plan), which is incorporated herein by reference, and this Stock Option Agreement (the Agreement). The Options are non-qualified stock options and are not intended to qualify as incentive stock options under Section 422 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and will be interpreted accordingly. |
B. | Option Price. The purchase price per share is $ (the Option Price), which is the fair market value per share of Common Stock on the Grant Date. |
C. | Grant Date. The date of grant of these Options is February 3, 2016 (the Grant Date). |
D. | Vesting; Exercisability. The Options are not vested as of the Grant Date. Unless vested earlier as set forth below, the Options will vest as follows: One-third of the Options will vest on each of the first, second, and third anniversary of the Grant Date, respectively. |
| Except as set forth below, if the Grantee ceases to be an employee of the Corporation (or a Subsidiary) for any reason, he/she will forfeit any unvested Options as of the date of such termination of employment. |
| Except as otherwise set forth herein, including Section H, if the Grantees employment with the Corporation (or a Subsidiary) is terminated by the Corporation (or a Subsidiary) for any reason other than for Misconduct or cause, as determined by the Corporation in its sole discretion, or if the Grantee voluntarily ceases to be an employee of the Corporation (or a Subsidiary) and meets the Corporations retirement eligibility requirements under the Corporations retirement eligibility policy in effect as of the Grant Date, which shall be determined by the Corporation in its sole discretion, all unvested Options will continue to vest based on their original vesting terms and each vested portion of the Options will be exercisable for one year from the date such portion vests, but in no event later than the Expiration Date (as defined below). For purposes of this Agreement, Misconduct is defined as an act of embezzlement, fraud, dishonesty, nonpayment of any obligation owed to the Corporation (or a Subsidiary), breach of fiduciary duty or deliberate disregard of Corporation (or Subsidiary) rules; an unauthorized disclosure of any Corporation (or Subsidiary) trade secret or confidential information; any conduct constituting unfair competition; inducing any customer of the Corporation (or a Subsidiary) to breach a contract with the Corporation (or a Subsidiary) or any principal for whom the Corporation (or a Subsidiary) acts as agent to terminate such agency relationship; or engaging in any other act or conduct proscribed by the senior human resources officer as Misconduct. |
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| Upon termination of employment for death, Disability or as provided for under the Navient Corporation Change in Control Severance Plan for Senior Officers, all unvested Options will vest and will be exercisable for one year from the date of such vesting. |
| Except as otherwise set forth herein and except as otherwise provided in the Navient Corporation Change in Control Severance Plan, vested Options (taking into account any vesting acceleration, if any) are exercisable until the earlier of: (1) the Expiration Date; or (2) three months from the date of termination. |
| Upon termination of employment for Misconduct or for cause, as determined by the Corporation in its sole discretion, all Options, vested or unvested, are forfeited. |
E. | Expiration. These Options expire five years from the Grant Date (the Expiration Date), subject to the provisions of the Plan and this Agreement, which may provide for earlier expiration in certain instances, including Grantees termination of employment. |
F. | Non-Transferable; Binding Effect. These Options may not be transferred except as provided for herein. All or any part of these Options may be transferred by the Grantee by will or by the laws of descent and distribution. In addition, Grantee may transfer all or any part of any Option to Immediate Family Members. Immediate Family Members means children, grandchildren, spouse or common law spouse, siblings or parents of the Grantee or bona fide trusts, partnerships or other entities controlled by and of which all beneficiaries are Immediate Family Members of the Grantee. Any Options that are transferred are further conditioned on the Grantees transferees and Immediate Family Members agreeing to abide by the Corporations then current stock option transfer guidelines. The terms of these Options shall be binding upon the executors, administrators, heirs, and successors of the Grantee. |
G. | Net-Settlement upon Option Exercise; Taxes. These Options shall be exercised only in accordance with the terms of this Agreement. Each exercise must be for no fewer than fifty (50) Options, other than an exercise for all remaining Options. Upon exercise of all or part of the Options, the Grantee shall receive from the Corporation the number of shares of Common Stock resulting from the following formula: the total number of Options exercised less the sum of Shares for the Option Cost and Shares for Taxes, rounded up to the nearest whole share. Shares for the Option Cost equals the Option Price multiplied by the number of Options exercised divided by the fair market value of Corporations common stock at the time of exercise. Shares for Taxes equals the tax liability (the statutory withholding minimum) divided by the fair market value of the Corporations common stock at the time of exercise. Grantee shall receive cash for any resulting fractional share amount. As a condition to the issuance of shares of Common Stock of the Corporation pursuant to these Options, the Grantee agrees to remit to the Corporation (through the procedure described in this paragraph) at the time of any exercise of these Options any taxes required to be withheld by the Corporation under federal, state, or local law as a result of the exercise of these Options. |
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H. | Vesting Upon Change In Control. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, including Section (D): |
(I) | In the event of a Change in Control in which the acquiring or surviving company in the transaction does not assume or continue outstanding Awards upon the Change in Control, then any portion of these Options that were not vested shall become 100 percent vested and exercisable effective immediately prior to the consummation of such Change in Control; and |
(II) | If Grantees employment shall terminate within twenty-four months following a Change in Control other than for (i) Misconduct or for cause, as determined by the Corporation in its sole discretion, or (ii) voluntary termination, any Options not previously vested shall immediately become vested and exercisable upon such employment termination and such Options shall be exercisable until the earlier of: (1) the Expiration Date; or (2) one year from the date of termination. |
I. | Clawback Provision. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, if the Board of Directors (the Board) of the Corporation, or an appropriate committee thereof, determines that, any material misstatement of financial results or a performance metric criteria has occurred as a result of the Grantees conduct or the Grantee has committed a material violation of corporate policy or has committed fraud or Misconduct, then the Board or committee shall consider all factors, with particular scrutiny when one of the top 20 members of management are involved, and the Board or such committee, may in its sole discretion require reimbursement of any compensation resulting from the vesting and exercise of Options and the cancellation of any outstanding Options from the Grantee (whether or not such individual is currently employed by the Corporation (or its subsidiaries)) during the three-year period following the date the Board first learns of the violation, fraud or Misconduct. |
J. | Board Interpretation. The Grantee hereby agrees to accept as binding, conclusive, and final all decisions and interpretations of the Board and, where applicable, the Compensation and Personnel Committee of the Board concerning any questions arising under this Agreement or the Plan. |
K. | Stockholder Rights. The Grantee shall not be deemed a stockholder of the Corporation with respect to any of the shares of Common Stock subject to the Options, except to the extent that such shares shall have been purchased and transferred to the Grantee. The Corporation shall not be required to issue or transfer any shares of Common Stock purchased upon exercise of the Options until all applicable requirements of law have been complied with and such shares shall have been duly listed on any securities exchange on which the Common Stock may then be listed. |
L. | No Right to Continued Employment. Nothing in the Plan, in this Agreement or any other instrument executed pursuant thereto or hereto shall confer upon the Grantee any right to continued employment with the Corporation or any of its subsidiaries or affiliates. |
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M. | Amendments for Accounting Charges. The Committee reserves the right to unilaterally amend this Agreement to reflect any changes in applicable law or financial accounting standards. |
N. | Securities Law Compliance; Restrictions on Resales of Option Shares. The Corporation may impose such restrictions, conditions or limitations as it determines appropriate as to the timing and manner of any exercise of the Option and/or any resales by the Grantee or other subsequent transfers by the Grantee of any shares of Common Stock issued as a result of the exercise of the Option, including without limitation (a) restrictions under an insider trading policy, (b) restrictions that may be necessary in the absence of an effective registration statement under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, covering the Option and/or the Common Stock underlying the Option and (c) restrictions as to the use of a specified brokerage firm or other agent for exercising the Option and/or for such resales or other transfers. The sale of the shares of Common Stock underlying the Option must also comply with other applicable laws and regulations governing the sale of such shares. |
O. | Data Privacy. As an essential term of this Option, the Grantee consents to the collection, use and transfer, in electronic or other form, of personal data as described in this Agreement for the exclusive purpose of implementing, administering and managing Grantees participation in the Plan. By entering into this Agreement and accepting the Option, the Grantee acknowledges that the Corporation holds certain personal information about the Grantee, including, but not limited to, name, home address and telephone number, date of birth, social security number or other identification number, salary, tax rates and amounts, nationality, job title, any shares of stock held in the Corporation, details of all options or any other entitlement to shares of stock awarded, canceled, exercised, vested, unvested or outstanding, for the purpose of implementing, administering and managing the Plan (Data). Grantee acknowledges that Data may be transferred to any third parties assisting in the implementation, administration and management of the Plan, that these recipients may be located in jurisdictions that may have different data privacy laws and protections, and Grantee authorizes the recipients to receive, possess, use, retain and transfer the Data, in electronic or other form, for the purposes of implementing, administering and managing the Plan, including any requisite transfer of such Data as may be required to a broker or other third party with whom the Grantee or the Corporation may elect to deposit any shares of Common Stock acquired upon exercise of the Option. Grantee acknowledges that Data may be held to implement, administer and manage the Grantees participation in the Plan as determined by the Corporation, and that Grantee may request additional information about the storage and processing of Data, require any necessary amendments to Data or refuse or withdraw the consents herein, in any case without cost, provided however, that refusing or withdrawing Grantees consent may adversely affect Grantees ability to participate in the Plan. |
P. | Electronic Delivery. The Corporation may, in its sole discretion, decide to deliver any documents related to any awards granted under the Plan by electronic means or to request Grantees consent to participate in the Plan by electronic means. Grantee hereby consents to receive such documents by electronic delivery and, if requested, to agree to participate in the Plan through an on-line or electronic system established and maintained by the Corporation or another third party designated by the Corporation, and such consent shall remain in effect throughout Grantees term of service with the Corporation and thereafter until withdrawn in writing by Grantee. |
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Q. | Governing Law. This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware, without giving effect to principles of conflicts of law. |
R. | Notices. All notices, requests, demands and other communications under this Agreement shall be in writing and shall be deemed to have been duly given if personally delivered, telefaxed or telecopied to, or, if mailed, when received by, the other party at the following addresses: |
If to the Corporation to:
Navient Corporation
Attn: Human Resources, Equity Plan Administration
123 Justison Street
Wilmington, DE 19801
If to the Grantee, to (i) the last address maintained in the Corporations Human Resources files for the Grantee or (ii) the Grantees mail delivery code or place of work at the Corporation (or its subsidiaries). |
S. | Plan Controls; Entire Agreement; Capitalized Terms. In the event of any conflict between the provisions of this Agreement and the provisions of the Plan, the terms of the Plan control, except as expressly stated otherwise herein. This Agreement and the Plan together set forth the entire agreement and understanding between the parties as to the subject matter hereof and supersede all prior oral and written and all contemporaneous or subsequent oral discussions, agreements and understandings of any kind or nature. Capitalized terms not defined herein shall have the meanings as described in the Plan. |
T. | Miscellaneous. In the event that any provision of this Agreement is declared to be illegal, invalid or otherwise unenforceable by a court of competent jurisdiction, such provision shall be reformed, if possible, to the extent necessary to render it legal, valid and enforceable, or otherwise deleted, and the remainder of this Agreement shall not be affected except to the extent necessary to reform or delete such illegal, invalid or unenforceable provision. The headings in this Agreement are solely for convenience of reference, and shall not constitute a part of this Agreement, nor shall they affect its meaning, construction or effect. The Grantee shall cooperate and take such actions as may be reasonably requested by the Corporation in order to carry out the provisions and purposes of the Agreement. The Grantee is responsible for complying with all laws applicable to Grantee, including federal and state securities reporting laws. |
The Grantee must contact Merrill Lynch to accept the terms of this grant. Merrill Lynch can be contacted at www.benefits.ml.com or by phone at 1-877-756-ESOP. If Grantee fails to accept the terms of this grant, the Options may not be exercised.
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NAVIENT CORPORATION | ||
By: | ||
Jack Remondi | ||
President and Chief Executive Officer | ||
Accepted by: | ||
Date |
6
Exhibit 12.1
NAVIENT CORPORATION
COMPUTATION OF RATIO OF EARNINGS TO FIXED CHARGES AND PREFERRED STOCK DIVIDENDS
(Dollars in millions)
Three Months Ended Mar 31, |
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2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2015 | 2016 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes |
$ | 925 | $ | 1,437 | $ | 2,087 | $ | 1,837 | $ | 1,600 | $ | 473 | $ | 284 | ||||||||||||||
Add: Fixed charges |
2,404 | 2,565 | 2,213 | 2,066 | 2,077 | 514 | 566 | |||||||||||||||||||||
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Total earnings |
$ | 3,329 | $ | 4,002 | $ | 4,300 | $ | 3,903 | $ | 3,677 | $ | 987 | $ | 850 | ||||||||||||||
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Interest expense |
$ | 2,401 | $ | 2,561 | $ | 2,210 | $ | 2,063 | $ | 2,074 | $ | 514 | $ | 565 | ||||||||||||||
Rental expense, net of income |
3 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 3 | | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||
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Total fixed charges |
2,404 | 2,565 | 2,213 | 2,066 | 2,077 | 514 | 566 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Preferred stock dividends |
28 | 31 | 31 | 10 | | | | |||||||||||||||||||||
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Total fixed charges and preferred stock dividends |
$ | 2,432 | $ | 2,596 | $ | 2,244 | $ | 2,076 | $ | 2,077 | $ | 514 | $ | 566 | ||||||||||||||
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Ratio of earnings to fixed charges(1) |
1.38 | 1.56 | 1.94 | 1.89 | 1.77 | 1.92 | 1.50 | |||||||||||||||||||||
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Ratio of earnings to fixed charges and preferred stock dividends(1) |
1.37 | 1.54 | 1.92 | 1.88 | 1.77 | 1.92 | 1.50 | |||||||||||||||||||||
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(1) | For purposes of computing these ratios, earnings represent income (loss) from continuing operations before income tax expense plus fixed charges. Fixed charges represent interest expensed and capitalized plus one-third (the proportion deemed representative of the interest factor) of rents, net of income from subleases. |
Exhibit 31.1
Certification Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
I, John F. Remondi, certify that:
1. | I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Navient Corporation; |
2. | Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; |
3. | Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; |
4. | The registrants other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have: |
a) | Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; |
b) | Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; |
c) | Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrants disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and |
d) | Disclosed in this report any change in the registrants internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrants most recent fiscal quarter (the registrants fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrants internal control over financial reporting; and |
5. | The registrants other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrants auditors and the audit committee of the registrants board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): |
a) | All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrants ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and |
b) | Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrants internal control over financial reporting. |
/s/ JOHN F. REMONDI |
John F. Remondi |
Chief Executive Officer |
(Principal Executive Officer) |
April 28, 2016 |
Exhibit 31.2
Certification Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
I, Somsak Chivavibul, certify that:
1. | I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Navient Corporation; |
2. | Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; |
3. | Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; |
4. | The registrants other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have: |
a) | Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; |
b) | Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; |
c) | Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrants disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and |
d) | Disclosed in this report any change in the registrants internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrants most recent fiscal quarter (the registrants fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrants internal control over financial reporting; and |
5. | The registrants other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrants auditors and the audit committee of the registrants board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): |
a) | All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrants ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and |
b) | Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrants internal control over financial reporting. |
/s/ SOMSAK CHIVAVIBUL |
Somsak Chivavibul |
Chief Financial Officer |
(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) |
April 28, 2016 |
Exhibit 32.1
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
In connection with the Quarterly Report of Navient Corporation (the Company) on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2016 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the Report), I, John F. Remondi, Chief Executive Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:
(1) | The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and |
(2) | The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and result of operations of the Company. |
/s/ JOHN F. REMONDI |
John F. Remondi |
Chief Executive Officer |
(Principal Executive Officer) |
April 28, 2016 |
Exhibit 32.2
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
In connection with the Quarterly Report of Navient Corporation (the Company) on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2016 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the Report), I, Somsak Chivavibul, Chief Financial Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:
(1) | The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and |
(2) | The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and result of operations of the Company. |
/s/ SOMSAK CHIVAVIBUL |
Somsak Chivavibul |
Chief Financial Officer |
(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) |
April 28, 2016 |